H εκτίμηση της φωνολογικής βραχύχρονης μνήμης σε Ελληνόφωνα παιδιά 2 και 3 ετών: στοιχεία για τη σχέση της με την ανάπτυξη της γλώσσας
Resumen
Η φωνολογική εργαζόμενη μνήμη (ΦΕΜ), όπως εκτιμάται μέσω της δοκιμασίας επανάληψης ψευδολέξεων, έχει συσχετισθεί με ποικίλες διαστάσεις της γλωσσικής ανάπτυξης των παιδιών. Παρότι οι περισσότερες έρευνες επικεντρώνονται σε ηλικίες μεγαλύτερες των 4 ετών, δεν απουσιάζουν από την διεθνή βιβλιογραφία επιτυχημένες προσπάθειες μέτρησης της ΦΕΜ σε μικρότερα παιδιά. Στόχος της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν, αφενός, η ανάπτυξη μιας δοκιμασίας που να καθιστά εφικτή την εκτίμηση της ΦΕΜ σε ελληνόφωνα παιδιά μικρής ηλικίας, και αφετέρου, μία αρχική διερεύνηση της σχέσης μεταξύ της επίδοσης στην δοκιμασία αυτή και του γλωσσικού επιπέδου των παιδιών. Για τις ανάγκες της έρευνας, 42 παιδιά ηλικίας 2 και 3 ετών συμμετείχαν σε δοκιμασία επανάληψης λέξεων και ψευδολέξεων η οποία δομήθηκε ειδικά για τις ηλικίες αυτές. Παράλληλα, συλλέχθηκε ένα δείγμα της ομιλίας των παιδιών βάσει του οποίου υπολογίστηκε ο ‘αριθμός διαφορετικών λέξεων’ (‘number of different words’) και το ‘μέσο μήκος εκφωνήματος σε μορφήματα’ (MLU-m). Τα αποτελέσματα καταδεικνύουν την ευαισθησία της δοκιμασίας στην ηλικία των παιδιών, στον τύπο του ερεθίσματος (λέξη-ψευδολέξη) και στον αριθμό συλλαβών. Επιπλέον, η επίδοση στην δοκιμασία παρουσιάζει σημαντικές συσχετίσεις με τους δείκτες γλωσσικής έκφρασης των παιδιών. Τα αποτελέσματα συζητούνται σε σχέση με προγενέστερα ευρήματα και τις δυνατότητες χρήσης της δοκιμασίας για την εκτίμηση του γλωσσικού επιπέδου ελληνόφωνων παιδιών μικρής ηλικίας.
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Karousou, A. (2015). H εκτίμηση της φωνολογικής βραχύχρονης μνήμης σε Ελληνόφωνα παιδιά 2 και 3 ετών: στοιχεία για τη σχέση της με την ανάπτυξη της γλώσσας. Preschool and Primary Education, 3(2), 117–135. https://doi.org/10.12681/ppej.163
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