Can cultural economy be social? Discussing about the rural heritage of Greece


Published: Sep 24, 2020
Keywords:
cultural economy cultural heritage solidarity economy commons rural heritage
Stelios Lekakis
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-9834
Mina Dragouni
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0251-9968
Abstract

This article examines the landscape of heritage management in Greece, as shaped by social, political, and economic factors. It deconstructs the emerging state policy rationale and its ambitions for the sectors’ economic role, tuned to the neoliberal agendas of western-type economies. Considering ramifications for the future of cultural heritage, the idea of commons is analyzed as an alternative paradigm-solution. As it is argued, community-led governing models, following social and solidarity economy principles within a commons structure, could suggest a viable heritage management option that is worth exploring. This is further illustrated through the example of Naxos’ rural heritage.



Article Details
  • Section
  • Articles
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Author Biographies
Stelios Lekakis, Newcastle University
PhD in Heritage Management, Research Fellow, McCord Centre, Newcastle University
Mina Dragouni, Bournemouth University
PhD in Sustainable Heritage, Post-doctoral Researcher, Bournemouth University, Department of Economics & Finance
References
Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.
Auclair, E. and Fairclough, G. (2015). Theory and practice in heritage and sustainability: Between past and future. London: Routledge.
Avdikos, V. and Dragouni, M. (forthcoming). Absolute, relative and relational values: A holistic conceptual framework for assessing the value of cultural heritage and museums. In B. Taylor, T. Haisch, A. Hauge, B. J. Hracs, J. Jansson and J. Sjoholm (Eds.), Culture, creativity and economy. Oslo: Knowledge Works, National Centre for cultural industries.
Bakhshi, H., Fujiwara, D., Lawton, R., Mourato, S. and Dolan, P. (2015). Measuring economic value in cultural institutions. Swindon: Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Benkler, Y. and Nissenbaum, H. (2006). Commons‐based peer production and virtue. Journal of Political Philosophy, 14 (4), pp. 394-419.
Bertacchini, E., Saccone, D. and Santagata, W. (2012). Loving diversity, correcting inequalities: Towards a New Global Governance for the UNESCO World Heritage. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 17 (3), pp. 278-288.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. London: Routledge.
Council of the European Union (2014). Conclusions on cultural heritage as a strategic resource for a sustainable Europe adopted 21 May 2014. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/educ/142705.pdf
Council of Europe (2015). The wider benefits of investment in cultural heritage. https://book.coe.int/usd/en/cultural-heritage/6454-the-wider-benefits-of-investment-in-cultural-heritage.html
Dardot, P. and Laval, C. (2019). On revolution in the 21st century. London: Bloomsbury.
De Angelis, M. (2005). The new commons in practice. Development, 48 (2), pp. 48–52.
Dellenbaugh, M., Kip, M., Bieniok, M., Müller, M., & Schwegmann, M. (2015). Urban commons: Moving beyond state and market. Berlin: Birkhäuser.
Dragouni, M. (2017). Sustainable heritage tourism: Towards a community-led approach. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025949/
Dragouni, M., & Fouseki, K. (2018). Drivers of community participation in heritage tourism planning: an empirical investigation. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 13(3), 237-256.
Fouseki, K. and Dragouni, M. (2017). Heritage spectacles: the case of Amphipolis excavations during the Greek economic crisis. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 23(8), pp. 742-758.
Fujiwara, D., Cornwall, T. and Dolan, P. (2014). Heritage and wellbeing. Swindon: English Heritage.
Gainza, X. (2017). Culture-led neighbourhood transformations beyond the revitalisation/gentrification dichotomy. Urban Studies, 54 (4), 953-970.
Gattinger, M. and Pierre, D. S. (2010). The “neoliberal turn” in provincial cultural policy and administration in Québec and Ontario: The emergence of ‘quasi-neoliberal’ approaches. Canadian Journal of Communication, 35 (2), pp. 279-302.
Gibson-Graham, J. K, Cameron, J. and Healy, S. (2013). Take back the economy: An ethical guide for transforming our communities. University of Minnesota Press.
Gonzalez, P. (2014). From a given to a construct. Cultural Studies, (28)3, pp. 359-390.
Gould, P. (2014). A tale of two villages: Institutional structure and sustainable community organizations. Public Archaeology, 13 (1-3), 164-177.
Hamilakis, Y. and Yalouri, E. (1996). Antiquities as symbolic capital in modern Greek society. Antiquity, 70 (267), 117-129.
Hardt, M. and Negri, A. (2012). Declaration. New York: Routledge.
Hellenic Republic (2002). Archaeological Law 3028/2002. https://www.bsa.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Archaeological-Law-3028-2002.pdf
Hess, C. (2012). The unfolding of the knowledge commons. St. Anthony’s International Review, 8 (1), pp. 13-24.
Kioupkiolis, A. (2019). The common and counter-hegemonic politics. Rethinking social change. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Kostakis, V., Niaros, V. and Giotitsas, C. (2015). Production and governance in hackerspaces: A manifestation of commons-based peer production in the physical realm? International Journal of Cultural Studies, 18 (5), pp. 555-573.
Lazrak, F., Nijkamp, P., Rietveld, P., & Rouwendal, J. (2014). The market value of cultural heritage in urban areas: an application of spatial hedonic pricing. Journal of Geographical Systems, 16 (1), pp. 89-114.
Lekakis, S. (2012). The Cultural Property debate. In T. Smith, D. Plantzos (Eds). A companion to Greek art, vol.2. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 683-697.
- (2013). Distancing and Rapproching: Local communities & monuments in the Aegean Sea, Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 15 (1), pp. 76-93.
- (Ed.) (forthcoming). Cultural heritage in the realm of the commons. London: Ubiquity Press.
Lekakis, S. Shakya, S. and Kostakis, V. (2018). Bringing the community back: Α case study of the post-earthquake heritage restoration in Kathmandu valley. Sustainability, 10, 2978.
Lekakis, S. and Dragouni, M. (forthcoming). Heritage in the making: The poetics of rural heritage and its mnemeiosis on Naxos island, Greece. Journal of Rural Studies.
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Poteete, A. R., Janssen, M. A. and Ostrom, E. (2010). Working together. Collective action, the commons, and multiple methods in practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Roggero, G. (2010), Five Theses on the Common, Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 22 (3), pp. 357-373.
Su, M. M., Wall, G. and Xu, K. (2016). Heritage tourism and livelihood sustainability of a resettled rural community: Mount Sanqingshan World Heritage Site, China. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24 (5), pp. 735-757.
Throsby, D. (2012). Investment in urban heritage. Urban development & local government. Washington DC: The World Bank.
Timothy, D. J. and Nyaupane, G. P. (Eds.). (2009). Cultural heritage and tourism in the developing world: A regional perspective. London: Routledge.
UNESCO (1972). Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Available at: https://whc.unesco.org/en/conventiontext/
Zukin, S. (1989). Loft Living: Culture and capital in urban change. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Zukin, S. Trujillo, V. and Frase, P. (2009). New retail capital and neighborhood change: Boutiques and gentrification in New York City. City & Community, 8 (1), pp. 47–64.
In Greek
Bollier, D. (2016). Τα κοινά: Μια σύντομη εισαγωγή. Athens: Angelus Novus.
Karpodini-Dimitriadi, E. (2009). Διά βίου μάθηση και πολιτισμός: Η συνέργεια της πολιτιστικής διαχείρισης. Athens: Nisos.
Korre, E. (2003). Χωρική ανάλυση των τουριστικών δραστηριοτήτων στη Νάξο. MA thesis, University of Thessaly.
Local Communities and Monuments (LCMO) 04 (2010). Κάτι κακό συμβαίνει στο τοπίο της Νάξου. Η κύρωση της διεθνούς σύμβασης για το τοπίο, πολύτιμη ή χαμένη ευκαιρία για το νησί. Public Dialogue Meeting recording. Athens: MONUMENTA.
– 05 (2011). Όμορφα χωριά άσχημα αλλοιώνονται. Public Dialogue Meeting recording. Unpublished.
– 07 (2018). Αγροτικά μνημεία Νάξου ΙΙ. Public Dialogue Meeting recording. Unpublished.
Lekakis, S., Gratsia, I. και Sideri, A. (2015). Πράττουμε για τα Μνημεία. Πρακτικά ημερίδας - δημόσιας συζήτησης στη Νάξο. Athens: MONUMENTA.
Lekakis, S. και Dragouni, M. (2019). Από τα μνημεία στα τοπία. Η αγροτική κληρονομιά της Νάξου ως πολιτιστική κληρονομιά υπό δημιουργία. Ναξιακά 8, 243-255.
Lieros, G. (2016). Υπαρκτός καινούριος κόσμος. Κοινωνική, Αλληλέγγυα και συνεργατική οικονομία. Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις των συναδέλφων.
Papadopoulou, K. (2019). H προστασία του πολιτιστικού περιβάλλοντος σε περίοδο οικονομικής κρίσης. Αθήνα: Νομική Βιβλιοθήκη.
SETE (2017). Βασικά τουριστικά μεγέθη της Περιφέρειας Νοτίου Αιγαίου [Key Figures of South Aegean Region]. http://www.insete.gr/el-gr/Dashboard/Στατιστικά/Στατιστικά-Στοιχεία
Most read articles by the same author(s)