Σύγχρονη κοινωνιολογική θεωρία και η διεύρυνση του <<κοινωνικού>> στον κόσμο των τεχνοφυσικών αντικειμένων: Η θεώρηση του B. Latour
Abstract
Το άρθρο επικεντρώνεται στην προσπάθεια της θεωρίας «δράστη-δικτύου» να ενσωματώσει τον κόσμο των τεχνο-φυσικών αντικειμένων στον κοινωνιολογικό στοχασμό, επιχειρώντας μια νέα εννοιολόγηση του «κοινωνικού» και της «δράσης». Σ' αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, η θεωρία «δράστη-δικτύου», πρώτον, προτείνει τη ριζοσπαστική αρχή της γενικευμένης συμμετρίας σύμφωνα με την οποία η κοινωνιολογική ανάλυση πρέπει να αποδίδει εξηγητικό ρόλο όχι μόνο στις ανθρώπινες αλλά και στις μη-ανθρώπινες οντότητες- δεύτερον, μέσα από τη μεταφορά του «ετερογενούς δικτύου », προκαλεί την κοινωνιολογική εμμονή περί «καθαρότητας» του κοινωνικού, ότι δηλαδή το αντικείμενο της κοινωνιολογίας είναι αποκλειστικά οι ανθρώπινες σχέσεις. Η θεωρία δράστη-δικτύου επεκτείνει την έννοια του «κοινωνικού» στις μη- ανθρώπινες οντότητες, ορίζοντας το ως μια κίνηση επανένωσης και επανασυναρμολόγησης ετερογενών υλικών (ανθρώπινων και μη-ανθρώπινων).
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Γεωργοπούλου Π. (2007). Σύγχρονη κοινωνιολογική θεωρία και η διεύρυνση του <<κοινωνικού>> στον κόσμο των τεχνοφυσικών αντικειμένων: Η θεώρηση του B. Latour. The Greek Review of Social Research, 123, 145–167. https://doi.org/10.12681/grsr.150
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Bloor D., 1976, Knowledge and social imagery, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Bloor D., 1999, «Anti-Latour», Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, vol. 30, 1, Û. 81-
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Bogue R., 1989, Deleuze and Guattari, London and New York, Routledge.
Callon ª., Latour B., 1992, «Don’t throw the baby out with the bath school! A reply to Collins
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of Chicago Press, Û. 343-368.
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Deuleze G., 2002, Nietzsche and philosophy, London, Continuum
Knorr-Cetina K. D., 1981, The manufacture of knowledge: An essay on the constructivist and
contextual nature of science, Oxford, Pergamon
Lash S., 2005, «Lebenssoziologie. G. Simmel in the Information Age», Theory, Culture and
Society, vol. 22, 3, Û. 1-23.
Latour B., 1987, Science in action, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
Latour, B., 1992, «Where are the missing masses? A Sociology of a few mundane artifacts», ÛÙÔ
Bijker W. E., Law J. (ÂÈÌ.), Shaping Technology/Building Society, Cambridge, MIT Press,
Û. 225-258
Latour B., Woolgar S., 1979/1986, Laboratory life: The (social) construction of scientific facts
(‰Â‡ÙÂÚË ¤Î‰ÔÛË Ì ÙÔ Ó¤Ô ˘ÛÙÂÚfiÁÚ·ÊÔ), Princeton, Princeton University Press
Latour B., 1991, Nous n’avons jamais été modernes, Paris, La Découverte
Latour B., 1996a, «Une sociologie sans objet? Note théorique sur l’interobjectivité», ËÏÂÎÙÚÔ-
ÓÈ΋ ÛÂÏ›‰·, ‰ËÌÔÛȇıËΠ̠ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ «On interobjectivity», Mind, Culture and Activity,
vol. 3, 4, Û. 228-245.
Latour B., 1996b, «On actor-network theory. A few clarifications», Soziale Welt, 47, Û. 369-
381
Latour B., 1999a, «On recalling ANT», ÛÙÔ Law J. and Hassard J. (ÂÈÌ.), Actor Network
Theory and after, Oxford, Blackwell.
Latour µ., 1999b, «For David Bloor …and beyond: A reply to David Bloor’s “Anti-Latour”»,
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, vol. 30, 1, Û. 113-129
Latour B., 1999c, «One more turn after the social turn», ÛÙÔ Biagioli Mario (ÂÈÌ.), The
Science Studies Reader, New York, Routledge, Û. 276-289.
Latour B., 2000, «When things strike buck: a possible contribution of “science studies” to the
social sciences», British Journal of Sociology, vol. 51, 1, Û. 107-123.
Latour µ., 2002, «Gabriel Tarde and the end of the social», ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈÎfi ΛÌÂÓÔ
http://www.ensmp.fr/~latour/Articles/82-TARDE.html. ∆Ô ¿ÚıÚÔ Â›Û˘ ÂÚȤ¯ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ
Patrick Joyce (ÂÈÌ.), The Social in Question, London, Routledge
Latour B., 2005, Reassembling the social. An introduction to Actor-Network Theory, Oxford,
Oxford University Press.
Lazzarato M., 1999, «Tarde: un vitalisme politique», ÛÙÔ G. Tarde, Monadologie et Sociologie,
Paris, Empêcheurs de penser en rond, Û. 103-150
Law J., 1992, «Notes on the theory of the Actor Network: Ordering, strategy and heterogeneity»,
ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈÎfi ΛÌÂÓÔ http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/papers/Law-Notes-on-ANT.pdf.
Law J., Hassard J. (ÂÈÌ.), 1999, Actor Network Theory and after, Oxford, Blackwell
Law J., 1999, «After ANT: complexity, naming and topology», ÛÙÔ Law J. and Hassard J.
(ÂÈÌ.), Actor Network Theory and after, Oxford, Blackwell. Û. 1-14.
MacKenzie D., 1978, «Statistical theory and social interests: A case study», Social Studies of
Science, vol. 8, Û. 35-83.
Mannheim K., 1936, Ideology and utopia, New York, Harvest Books. ™ÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÁÏÒÛÛ·,
1997, π‰ÂÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È Ô˘ÙÔ›·, ∞ı‹Ó·, °ÓÒÛË.
Merton R., 1973, The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and empirical investigations, Chicago,
University of Chicago Press.
Mol A., Law J., 1994, «Regions, networks and fluids: Anaemia and social topology», Social
Studies of Science, vol. 24, 4, Û. 641-672
Shapin S., 1979, «The politics of observation: Cerebral anatomy and social interests in the
Edinburgh Phrenology disputes», ÛÙÔ Roy Wallis (ÂÈÌ.), On the margins of science: The
social construction of rejected knowledge, Sociological Review Monograph 27, Keele,
Keele University, Û. 139-178
Stehr N., 1994, Knowledge societies, London, Sage
Thacker E., 2005, «Biophilosophy for the 21st Century», Ctheory, ËÏÂÎÙÚÔÓÈ΋ ‰È‡ı˘ÓÛË
www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=472
Urry J., 2000a, Sociology beyond societies. Mobilities for the twenty-first century, London,
Routledge.
Urry J., 2000b, «Mobile Sociology», British Journal of Sociology, vol. 51, 1, Û. 185-203.
