Confronting homelessness in Greece during at time of crisis


Published: Apr 18, 2016
Keywords:
Social Policy Homelessness Greece Crisis
Nikos Kourachanis
Abstract

This article attempts to examine the policies for confronting homelessness in Greece during the crisis. The thesis proposed is that, regardless of the signs of a significant deterioration in the problem of homelessness, a range of policies has been developed that focus on the management of its most extreme and publicly visible manifestations. Social interventions are inadequate, fragmented, repressive in their nature, and with a strong emphasis on charity. This can be seen in the emphasis given to developing emergency services centered on in-kind provisions. The main burden of implementing these services is mainly borne by civil society, with extensive non-state fund-raising to supports its activities. This fact entails wider connotations for the “new” form of social policy that is emerging.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Articles
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Author Biography
Nikos Kourachanis, Panteion University

Nikos Kourachanis is a Postdoctoral Researcher in the Faculty of Political Science and History of Panteion University. His research interests focus on social policy issues, with an emphasis on phenomena of social exclusion, migration and homelessness. E-mail: n.kourachanis@gmail.com

References
Arapoglou V., Gounis K. (2015), “Poverty and Homelessness in Athens: Governance and the Rise of an Emergency Model of Social Crisis Management”, GreeSE Paper No.90, Hellenic Observatory, LSE.
Arapoglou V.P., Gounis K. (2014), “Caring for the Homeless and the Poor in Greece: Implications for the Future of Social Protection and Social Inclusion”, Final Report, University of Crete: Rethymno.
Arapoglou V.P. (2002), “Social and Spatial Dimensions of Homelessness in Athens: Welfare Networks and Practices of Care Professionals”, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, London School of Economics.
Arapoglou V.P. (2004a), “The Governance of Homelessness in Greece: Discourse and Power in the Study of Philanthropic Networks”, Critical Social Policy, vol. 24, No1, pp. 102-126.
Arapoglou V.P. (2004b), “The Governance of Homelessness in the European South: Spatial and Institutional Contexts of Philanthropy in Athens”, Urban Studies, vol. 41, No 3, pp. 621-640.
Archard P. (1979), “Vagrancy–A Literature Review” in Cook T. (ed.), Vagrancy: Some New Perspectives, London: Academic Press.
Banting K. (1979), Poverty, Politics and Policy, London: Macmillan.
Banting K. (1986), “The Social Policy Process”, in Bulmer M. (ed.), Social Science and Social Policy, London: Allen and Unwin.
Buckner J.C. (2004), “Children, Impact of Homelessness” in Levinson, D. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Homelessness, vol 1, CA: Berkshire Publishing Group.
Bulmer M. (1986), “The Policy Process and the Place in it of Social Research”, in Bulmer M. (ed.), Social Science and Social Policy, London: Allen and Unwin.
Burt M., Pearson C. (2005), Strategies for Preventing Homelessness, Washington: U.S. Department for Housing and Urban Development.
Busch-Geertsema V., Sahlin I. (2007), “The Role of Hostels and Temporary Accommodation”, European Journal of Homelessness, No. 1, pp. 67-93.
Cloke P., Johnsen S., May J. (2004), “Exploring Ethos? Discourses of ‘Charity’ in the Provision of Emergency Services for Homeless People”, Environment and Planning, vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 385-402.
Crane M., Warnes A., Coward S. (2012), “Preparing Homeless People for Independent Living and its Influence on Resettlement Outcomes”, European Journal of Homelessness, vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 17-45.
Crane M., Warnes A., Coward S. (2011), “Moves to Independent Living. Single Homeless People’s Experiences and Outcomes of Resettlement”, The For-Home Study, University of Sheffield. Department of Social Welfare and Solidarity of the Ministry of Labour, Social Security and
Welfare (2014), “Invitation to the Program Housing and Reintegration”, Athens (in Greek).
Easton D. (1965), A Framework for Political Analysis, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Edelman M. (1977), Political language. Words that Succeed and Policies that Fail, New York: Academic Press.
Emmanuel D., Velidis S., Strousopoulou E. (1996), The Housing of Low Incomes in Greece, Athens: DEPOS (in Greek).
European Parliament (2012), “Social Investment Pact–as a Response to the Crisis”, Brussels: European Commission.
Eurostat (2015a), “Proportion of the population at-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion, 2013”, Available in: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php/File:Proportion_of_the_population_at-risk-of-poverty_or_social_exclusion,_2013_(%C2%B9)_(%25)_YB15.png
Eurostat (2015b), “People at risk of poverty or social exclusion by age and sex”, Available in: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_peps01&lang=en
Eurostat (2015c), “Unemployment rate by duration, 2013”, Available in: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/File:Unemployment_rate_by_duration,_2013_
(%25)_YB15.png
FEANTSA (2006), “ETHOS–Taking Stock”, Brussels. Available in: http://www.feantsa.org/spip.php?article120
FEANTSA Policy Statement (2009), “Access to Employment for People Experiencing Homelessness. Recommendations for Member States and the European Union”, Brussels.
Fitzpatrick S., Pawson H. (2014), “Ending Security of Tenure for Social Renters: Transitioning to ‘Ambulance Service’ Social Housing?” Housing Studies, vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 597-615.
Glasser I. (1988), More than a Bread. Ethnography of a Soup Kitchen, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press.
Government Gazette (2012), “Law Number 4093. Ratification of Mid-term Framework of Fiscal Strategy 2013-2016–Urgent Regulations relating to the Implementation of L.4046/2012 and the Midterm Fiscal Strategy 2013-2016”, Athens (in Greek).
Hellenic Parliament (2014), “Measures to Support and Develop the Greek Economy In the Context of the Implementation of the Law 4046/2012 And Other Provisions”, Athens (in Greek).
Johnsen S., Cloke P., May J. (2005), “Day Centres for Homeless People: Spaces of Care or Fear?”, Social and Cultural Geography, vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 787-811.
Katsadoros Κ., Sarantides D., Karidi K., Tourkou A., Stamatogianopoulou Α., Alamanou A., Theodorikakou Ο. (2012), “Homelessness in Greece in 2012”, Research by NGO Klimaka, Athens (in Greek).
Kemeny J. (1995), From Public Housing to the Social Market: Rental Policy Strategies in Comparative Perspective, London: Routledge.
Kourachanis N. (2015), “Social Policy for the Homeless in Greece: Qualitative and Critical Analysis of an Extreme Social Exclusion”, Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of the Peloponnese, Corinth (in Greek).
Kyriazi N. (2006), Sociological Research. Critical Review of Methods and Techniques, Athens: Ellinika Grammata (in Greek).
Lalioti V. (2014), “Portuguese and Greek Experiences with Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI) in Comparative Perspective”, Koinoniki Politiki, No. 2, pp. 27-45 (in Greek).
Laven G.T., Brown K.C. (1985), “Nutritional Status of Men Attending a Soup Kitchen: A Pilot Study”, American Journal of Public Health, vol. 75, No. 8, pp. 875-878.
Linblom C. (1980), The Policy-Making Process, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
MacDonald S., Headlam H. (2009), Research Methods Handbook. Introductory Guide to Research Methods for Social Research, Manchester: Center for Local Economic Strategies.
Malpass P., Murie A. (1999), Housing Policy and Practice, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mason J. (2002), Qualitative Researching, London: Sage.
Ministry of Health (2014), “Definition of Conditions, Criteria and Access Procedures at the System of Nursing and Health Care for Economically Weak Citizens» (Government Gazette Β 1753–28.06.2014), Athens (in Greek).
Ministry of Labour, Social Insurance and Welfare (2012), “Social Structures of Immediate Poverty Relief”, NSRF – Human Resources Development – Thematic Axis 4, Athens (in Greek).
Ministry of Labour, Social Insurance and Welfare (Unpublished), “National Plan to Confront Homelessness”, Athens (in Greek).
MPHASIS (2009), “Mutual Progress on Homelessness through Advancing and Strengthening Information Systems”, Dundee: University of Dundee and European Commission.
Papatheodorou Ch. (2014), “Minimum Guaranteed Income: Enhancing or Weakening of Social Protection?”, Presentation to the Workshop: Minimum Guaranteed Income and Social Policy, Pancypriotic Workers’ Confederation (in Greek).
Pinker R. (1971), Social Theory and Social Policy, London: Heinemann.
Reception and Solidarity Center of the Municipality of Athens (2013), “Documentation of the Profile of Homeless Individuals Living in the Streets”, Municipality of Athens, Athens (in Greek).
Sahlin I. (2013), “Preparing or Postponing?” European Journal of Homelessness, vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 303-309.
Sapounakis A. (1997), “Innovative Services for the Homeless in the Greek Context”, Unpublished Report for the European Observatory on Homelessness, FEANTSA, Athens.
Sapounakis A. (1998), “Annual Report of Homeless in Greece. Support in Housing: Between Social Control and Social Emancipation”, Unpublished Report for the European Observatory on Homelessness, FEANTSA, Athens.
Sapounakis A. (2005), “National Review of Policies on Access to Housing and Homelessness”, Unpublished Report for the European Observatory on Homelessness, FEANTSA, Athens.
Savage M. (2005), Urban Sociology, Capitalism and Modernity, Preface and Editor: Psimmenos I., Athens: Papazisi (in Greek).
Shinn M., Baumohl J., Hopper K. (2001), “The Prevention of Homelessness Revisited”, Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 95-107.
Somerville P. (2013), “Understanding Homelessness”, Housing, Theory and Society, vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 384-415.
Sotiropoulos D. (2004), The Unknown Civil Society, Athens: Potamos (in Greek).
Sotiropoulos D., Bourikos D. (2014), “Economic Crisis, Social Solidarity and the Voluntary Sector in Greece”, Journal of Power, Politics and Governance, vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 33-53.
Stamatis G. (2012), “Homeless in Greece in the Current Financial Crisis. What Perspectives?” Master’s Dissertation, University of Athens.
Theodorikakou O., Alamanou A., Katsadoros K. (2013), “Neo-homelessness and the Greek Crisis”, European Journal of Homelessness, vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 203-210.
Torgensen U. (1987), “Housing: The Wobbly Pillar under the Welfare State” in Turner B. –Kemeny J., Lundqvist L. (eds.), Between State and Market: Housing in the Post-industrial Era, Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell.
Tsemberis S., Eisenberg R.F. (2000), “Pathways to Housing: Supported Housing for Streetdwelling Homeless Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities”, Psychiatric Services, vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 487-493.
Most read articles by the same author(s)