Τάσεις στην Ελληνική Αγορά Εργασίας κατά την Περίοδο της Κρίσης, 2009-2014


Δημοσιευμένα: Jun 23, 2017
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Τάσεις πληθυσμός απασχόληση ανεργία επιπτώσεις Ελλάδα Ευρωζώνη
Maria Botsari
Stavros Zografakis
Περίληψη
Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζουμε βασικούς δείκτες της αγοράς εργασίας στην Ελλάδα και την Ευρω- ζώνη κατά την περίοδο της κρίσης 2009-2014, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στη νεανική και τη μακροχρόνια ανεργία και τις επιπτώσεις τους. Παρουσιάζουμε, επίσης, στατιστικούς δείκτες σχετικούς με το πρό- τερο επάγγελμα των ανέργων, τις χρησιμοποιούμε- νες μεθόδους αναζήτησης εργασίας και το είδος της αναζητούμενης απασχόλησης. Τα δεδομένα αποκα- λύπτουν ότι η μείωση του πληθυσμού εργάσιμης ηλικίας στην Ελλάδα κατά την περίοδο της κρίσης, από το 2009 μέχρι το 2014, ακολουθεί με την πάρο- δο της ηλικίας μια καμπύλη μορφής U, με τη μεγαλύ- τερη μείωση να καταγράφεται στην ηλικιακή ομάδα 25 – 29 ετών, ως αποτέλεσμα της μετανάστευσης των νέων εξαιτίας της συρρίκνωσης της οικονομικής δραστηριότητας. Η Ελλάδα μαστίζεται από πρωτο- φανή και κοινωνικά απαράδεκτα επίπεδα ανεργίας, με τα ποσοστά νεανικής και μακροχρόνιας ανεργί- ας να είναι ακόμα πιο ανησυχητικά, καθώς μπορεί να έχουν τόσο ολέθριες και τραγικές μακροχρόνιες επιπτώσεις στους νέους, ώστε να αποκαλούνται ‘ουλές ανεργίας’. Αυτές οι ουλές ερμηνεύονται στη βιβλιογραφία στη βάση δύο παραγόντων. Ο πρώτος παράγοντας σχετίζεται με την υποτίμηση του ανθρώ- πινου κεφαλαίου των νέων και της ετοιμότητάς τους για εργασία. Ο δεύτερος παράγοντας σχετίζεται με το αποκαλούμενο ‘στίγμα της ανεργίας’.
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Βιογραφικά Συγγραφέων
Maria Botsari, Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο
Maria Botsari holds a B.Sc. in Economics from Athens University of Economics and Business and a M.Sc. in Finance from Warwick Business School, University of Warwick. She is a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Economic and regional Development of Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences. She is currently working at the Bank of Greece as Deputy Head of the Reserves Settlement Unit. Her research interests lie in the areas of Labor Market Trends, Poverty and Social Exclusion, Inequality, Well-Being and Social Policy.
Stavros Zografakis, Γεωπονικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Stavros Zografakis is Associate Professor at the Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development. He has a Bachelor of Science degree (BSc) (1985) and a Ph.D. (1997) from the Department of Economic Sciences of the National and Capodistrian University of Athens. His academic and professional interests are in the areas of general equilibrium models, social account matrices, income distribution, Inequality and Poverty, Migration, Consumer Prices and International Competitiveness
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