Compatibility and combined efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi and neonicotinoid insecticides against Myzus persicae (Sulzer): An ecofriendly approach

PDF
Published: May 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.25417
Keywords:
Co-toxicity coefficient entomopathogenic fungi Myzus persicae median lethal time neonicotinoids
Jaydeep Halder
Senior Scientist (Agril. Entomology) Crop Protection Division Indian Institute of Vegetable Research Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221305, India
Sujan Majumder
Scientist (Agril. Chemicals) Crop Protection Division Indian Institute of Vegetable Research Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221305, India
A. B. Rai
Head & Principal Scientist (Retd.) Crop Protection Division Indian Institute of Vegetable Research Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221305, India
Abstract

Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) viz., Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium (=Verticillium) lecanii and neonicotinoid insecticides i.e., Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam and Acetamiprid were evaluated alone and their 1:1 combination against Lipaphis erysimi prevalent in vegetable ecosystem. Among the entomopathogenic fungi, B. bassiana was found most promising registering lowest median lethal time (LT50) of 48.17, 48.92 and 48.87 h during the period of 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively, followed by L. lecanii (49.57, 49.45 and 50.46 h), M. anisopliae (51.81, 51.67 and 51.63 h). Amongst the three neonicotinoids, Acetamiprid was found more efficacious than the Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. Blending of B. bassiana and Acetamiprid at half of their recommended dose took lowest (22.76, 23.48 and 23.06 h during 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively) lethal time to kill the fifty per cent test population followed by L. lecanii + Acetamiprid (22.58, 22.68, 22.52 h) and M. anisopliae + Acetamiprid (22.61, 23.82, 23.60 h). Combinations of these entomopathogenic fungi and neonicotinoid insecticides had co-toxicity co-efficient values > 1 and lower LT50 values than each of their individual indicating the compatibility amongst them. Co-application of these EPF with sub-lethal concentration of neonicotinoids could not only be a green ecofriendly option against this sucking pest but also able to minimize the chemical insecticides load in the environment.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons 4.0 license.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abbott, W. S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Eco. Ent. 18:265–267.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ambethgar, V. 2009. Potential of entomopathogenic fungi in insecticide resistance management (IRM): a review. J. Biopesticide. 2(2):177-193.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Castle, S.J. and P.H. Berger. 1993. Rates of growth and increase of Myzus persicae on virus infected potatoes according to type of virus-vector relationship. Ent. Exp. Appl. 69(1): 51–57.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Easwaramoorthy, S. and S. Jayaraj. 1977. Effect of certain insecticides and fungicides on the growth of the coffee green bug fungus, Cephalosporium lecanii Zimm. Madras Agricul. J. 64 (4): 243–246.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Easwaramoorthy, S., A. Regupathy, G. Santharam and S. Jayaraj. 1978.The effect of subnormal concentrations of insecticides in combination with the fungal pathogen, Cephalosporium lecanii Zimm.in the control of coffee green scale, Coccus viridis Green. Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie. 86: 161–166.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Finney, O.J. 1971. Probit analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1971; p 333.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., A.B. Rai and M.H. Kodandaram. 2013. Compatibility of neem oil and different entomopathogens for the management of major vegetable sucking pests. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 36(1):19–25.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., A.B. Rai and M.H. Kodandaram. 2014. Parasitization preference of Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) among different aphids in vegetable ecosystem. Ind. J. Agricul. Sci. 84(11):1431–1433.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., A.B. Rai, D. Dey and B. Singh. 2018. Abundance of important parasitoids in the vegetable ecosystem and their prospects in integrated pest management. J. Ent. Zool. Stud. 6(4):762-769.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., C, Srivastava, S. Dhingra and P. Dureja. 2012. Effect of essential oils on feeding, survival, growth and development of third instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. 35(4): 271-276.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., D. Kushwaha, A.B. Rai, A. Singh and B. Singh. 2017. Potential of entomopathogens and neem oil against two emerging insect pests of vegetables. Ind. J. Agricul. Sci. 87(2):220–224.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halder, J., D. Kushwaha, A.B. Rai, K. Nagendran and B. Singh. 2016. Host plant mediated susceptibility of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) to Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimmermann) Zare and Gams, neem oil and their combination. Proc. Natl Acad Sci India, Sec- B: Biological Sci. 88(1):241-248. (DOI 10.1007/s40011-016-0750-y).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
James, R.R. and G.W. Elzen. 2001. Antagonism between Beauveria bassiana and Imidacloprid when combined for Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) control. J. Eco. Ent. 94(2):357-361.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jaramillo, J., C. Borgemeister, L. Ebssa, A. Gaigl, R. Tobon and G. Zimmermann. 2005. Effect of combined application of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin (Deuteromycotina: Hypomycetes) strain CIAT 224 and different dosage of Imidacloprid on the subterranean borrower bug Cyrtomenus bergi (Hemiptera: Cydnidae). BioControl. 34:12–20.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mazraáwi, M.S.A. 2007. Interaction effects between Beauveria bassiana and Imidacloprid against Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Communications in Agricul. Applied Biol. Sci. 72(3):549–555.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oliveira, C.N., P.M. Neves, J. Oliveira and L.S. Kawazoe. 2003. Compatibility between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and insecticides used in coffee plantations. Scientia Agricola (Piracicaba, Braz.). 60(4):663–667.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parmar, G.M. and M.N. Kapadia. 2007. Field Efficacy of Mycoinsecticides and chemical insecticides against Lipaphis erysimi in mustard. Ind. J. Plant Prot. 35: 339–341.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rachappa, V., S. Lingappa and R.K. Patil 2007. Effect of agrochemicals on growth and sporulation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin. Karnataka J. Agricul Sci. 20(2):410–413.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rai, A.B., J. Halder and M.H. Kodandaram. 2014b. Emerging insect pest problems in vegetable crops and their management in India: An appraisal. Pest Management Horticul. Ecosys. 20(2):113–122.------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rai, A.B., M. Loganathan, J. Halder, V. Venkataravanappa and P.S. Naik. 2014a. Eco-friendly Approaches for Sustainable Management of Vegetable Pests. IIVR Technical Bulletin No. 53, IIVR, Varanasi, pp. 104.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rajanikanth, P., G.V. Subbaratnam and S.J. Rahaman, 2010. Compatibility of insecticides with Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin for use against Spodoptera litura Fabricius. J. Biological Cont. 24 (3): 238–243.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Razaq, M., A. Mehmood, M. Aslam, M. Ismail, M. Afzal and S.A. Shad. 2011. Losses in yield and yield components caused by aphids to late sown Brassica napus, Brassicae juncea and Brassica carrinata a. Braun at Multan, Punjab (Pakistan). Pakistan J. Bot. (1):319–324.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ro, T.H., C.E. Long. And H.H. Toba. 1998. Predicting phenology of green peach aphid using degree-days. Environ. Entomol. 27: 337–343.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Senthilkumar, C.M. and A. Regupathy. 2007. Laboratory studies and field assessment on the compatibility and combined efficacy of neonicotinoids with Lecanellium (= Verticillium) lecanii (Zimmermann) Viegas in the control of coffee green scale, Coccus viridis (Green) (Hemiptera: Coccidae). National Conference on Applied Zoology and Sustainable Development, 13-14th July, 2007; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India, pp. 38.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Syller, J. 1994. The effects of temperature on the availability and acquisition of potato leaf roll luteovirus by Myzus persicae. Ann. Appl. Biol. 124(3):141–149.
Most read articles by the same author(s)