Κοινωνικό κεφάλαιο και σύμπλεγμα επιχειρήσεων (clusters ή industrial districs)
Abstract
Η παρούσα ερευνητική προσέγγιση πραγματεύεται την ανάδειξη της συμβολής του «κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου» στη διαδικασία σχηματισμού και ανάπτυξης των συμπλεγμάτων των επιχειρήσεων, τα οποία έχουν δημιουργήσει και προαγάγει μεταξύ τους σχέσεις ανταγωνισμού αλλά και συνεργασίας- η διττή δε αυτή σχέση αποτελεί τη βάση της δημιουργίας και ενίσχυσης τους. Επιπλέον το άρθρο προσεγγίζει τη διεθνή εμπειρία και ιδέες με σκοπό να καταθέσει προβληματισμούς και να επισημάνει τους λόγους για τους οποίους οι προσπάθειες ανάπτυξης της οικονομίας θα πρέπει να προσανατολιστούν σε σύγχρονες πρακτικές, όπως οι πρωτοβουλίες για τη στήριξη και τη διάδοση της επιχειρηματικής δικτύωσης, η ενεργοποίηση του κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου και η ανάπτυξη των δεξιοτήτων στο πλαίσιο λειτουργίας των συμπλεγμάτων των επιχειρήσεων.
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Παπαχρόνη Μ. (2007). Κοινωνικό κεφάλαιο και σύμπλεγμα επιχειρήσεων (clusters ή industrial districs). The Greek Review of Social Research, 123, 55–77. https://doi.org/10.12681/grsr.147
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- 2007: 123, B
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collaboration to share and leverage knowledge, innovation and technology and compete in
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Canada.
Russo F., 2002, The Italian experience of industrial districts, UNIDO, Industrial Business
Development Services. ( www.unido.org).
Streit M., 1969, «Spatial associations and economic linkages between industries», Journal of
Regional Science, 9(2).
Turner Robert C., 2000, «A framework for cluster-based economic development policies»,
discussion paper, New York State, Network for Economic Research, (NYSNER) meeting
at the December.
Yoshino M., Rangan U., 1995, Strategic alliances, an entrepreneurial approach to globalization,
Harvard Business Press.
industrial epoch», Research Policy, 28, Û. 853-871.
Boschma R. A., 2005, «Social capital and regional development. An empirical analysis of the
Third Italy», R.A. Boschma, R. Kloosterman (eds), Learning from clustering. A critical
assessment from an economic-geographical perspective, Dordrecht, Springer Verlag, Û.
139-168.
Bosworth Brian, 1996, Economic development as inter-firm cooperation: Networks, sectors
and clusters, Albany, NY, Nelson Rockefeller Institute of Government, June.
Bourdieu Pierre, 1985, «The Forms of Capital», John G. Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory
and Research for the Sociology of Education, New York, Greenwood Press.
Burt R., 1992, «The social structure of competition», Nitin Nohria, Robert G. Eccles (eds),
Networks and Organisations, Harvard Business School Press.
Chance N., Vlosky R., 1995, Flexible networks as a means to enhance rural small business
competitiveness, Working Paper ¡Ô8, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center,
Baton Rouge, LA.
Clara M., Russo F., Gulati M., 2000, «Cluster Development and BDS Promotion», UNIDO’s
experience in India, International conference Hanoi, Vietnam, April 3-6.
Czamanski S., Ablas L.A., 1979, «Identification of industrial clusters and complexes: A
comparison of methods and findings», Urban Studies, 16, Û. 61-80.
Czepiel J., 1974, «Word of mouth processes in the diffusion of the major technological
innovation », Journal of Marketing Research, XI, Û. 172-180.
Coleman J., 1988, «Social capital in the creation of human capital», American Journal of
Sociology, 94.
Dayasindhu N., 2002, «Embeddedness, knowledge transfer, industry clusters and global
competitiveness: A case study of the Indian software industry», Technovation, 22, Û. 551-560.
Ffocows-Williams I., 2000 , «Policy for inter-firm networking and clustering: A practitioner’s
perspective», Paper prepared for the OECD/Italian Ministry of Industry Bologna
Conference for Ministers Responsible, Enhancing the competitiveness of SME in the global
economy: Strategies and policies.
Harrigan F., 1982, «The relationship between industrial and geographical linkage: A case study
of the United Kingdom», Journal of Regional Science, 22(1).
Humphrey J., Schmitz H., 1996, «The triple C approach to local industrial policy», World
Development, 24 (12), Û. 1859-1877.
Granovetter Mark S., 1973, «The strength of weak ties», American Journal of Sociology, 78, Û.
1360-1380.
Khalil T., 2001, Management of technology: The drivers of technological changes in the twenty
first century, NSF/UM Report, The University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL.
Latham W., 1976, «Needless complexity in the identification of industrial complexes», Journal
of Regional Science, 16 (1).
Malecki E., Tootle D., 1996, «The role of networks in small firm compettiveness», Int. J.
Technology Management, 11(1/2).
Malecki E., 1999, «Knowledge and regional competition», paper presented at the International
Symposium, Knowledge, Education and Space, Heidelberg, Germany.
Malerba F., 1993, The National System of Innovation: Italy, Nelson Richard (ed.), Oxford
University Press.
Markusen A., 1996, «Sticky places in slippery space: A typology of industrial districts»,
Economic Geography, 72, Û. 293-313.
Marshall A., 1890, Principles of Economics, London Macmillan.
Morgan K., 1997, «The learning region: Institutions, innovation and regional renewal»,
Regional Studies, 31 (5), Û. 491-503.
Nadvi K., 1998, Knowing me, knowing you: Social networks in the surgical instrument clustrer
of Sialkot, Pakistan, IDS Discussion Paper 364, Institute of Development Studies, Sussex.
Nohria ¡., 1992, «Is a network perspective a useful way of studying organizations?», Nitin Nohria,
Robert G. Eccles (eds), Networks and Organizations, Harvard Business School Press.
Nonaka I., Takeuchi H., 1995, The knowledge-creating company: How Japanese companies
create the dynamics of innovation, Oxford University Press.
OECD, 2000a, «Strategies and policies, local partnership, clusters and SME globalization»,
Conference Enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs in the global economy, for Ministers
responsible for SMEs and Industry Ministers, Bologna, Italy, 14-15 June.
OECD, 2000b, «Strategies and policies, economy and their partnership with SMEs of OECD
Countries», conference Enhancing the competitiveness of SMEs in the global Economy,
for Ministers responsible for SMEs and Industry Ministers, Bologna, Italy, 14-15 June.
OECD, 2001, «The well-being of nations: The role of human and social capital».
¶··¯ÚfiÓË ª., ª·‡ÚË ª., 2006, «¶ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌfi˜ ÂÚÈÊÂÚÂÈ·ÎÒÓ ‚ÈÔÌ˯·ÓÈÎÒÓ Û˘ÌÏÂÁ-
Ì¿ÙˆÓ ÂȯÂÈÚ‹ÛÂˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÔÈÎÔÓÔÌ›·», ™Ô˘‰·›, 56(2) Û. 89-132.
Perrow C., 1992, «Small – Firm Networks», Nitin Nohria, Robert G. Eccles (eds), Networks and
Organisations, Harvard Business School Press.
Porter ∂. Michael, 1990, The competitive advantage of nations, The ªacmillan Press Ltd.
Putman R., 1993, Making democracy work: Civic traditions in modern Italy, Princeton
University Press.
Rocha H., 2004, «Entrepreneurship and development: The role of clusters», Small Business
Economics, 23, Û. 363-400.
Roelandt T., Hertog P., 1998, «Clusters analysis and cluster-based policy in OECD-countries»,
note prepared for the OECD-Secretariat and the OECD TIP-group, presented at the 2nd
OECD-workshop, Cluster analysis and cluster-based policy, Vienna, 4-5 May.
Rosenfeld Stuart ∞., 1995, Industrial strength strategies: Regional business clusters public
policy, Aspen, Co: Aspen Institute.
Rosenfeld Stuart A., 1996, «Does cooperation enhance competitiveness? Assessing the impacts
of inter-firm collaboration», Research Policy, 25, Û. 247-273.
Rosenfeld Stuart A., 2002, Creating smart systems, guide to cluster strategies in less favoured
regions, www.rtsinc.org, Regional Technology Strategies, Carrboro, N. Carolina, US∞.
Roy Ph., 1997, «Creating strong regional economic hubs, successful clusters and inter-firm
collaboration to share and leverage knowledge, innovation and technology and compete in
the global market place», presented at Technopolis 97, πnternational conference at Ottawa,
Canada.
Russo F., 2002, The Italian experience of industrial districts, UNIDO, Industrial Business
Development Services. ( www.unido.org).
Streit M., 1969, «Spatial associations and economic linkages between industries», Journal of
Regional Science, 9(2).
Turner Robert C., 2000, «A framework for cluster-based economic development policies»,
discussion paper, New York State, Network for Economic Research, (NYSNER) meeting
at the December.
Yoshino M., Rangan U., 1995, Strategic alliances, an entrepreneurial approach to globalization,
Harvard Business Press.
