Wolbachia-induced reproductive parasitism and applications

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Published: Jan 8, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11597
Keywords:
insect symbiosis Wolbachia parthenogenesis feminization male-killing cytoplasmic incompatibility incompatible insect technique
A. Saridaki
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina
K. Bourtzis
Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina
Abstract
Insects have been reported to be associated with a broad variety of microorganisms, affecting the host biology in many different ways. Among them, Wolbachia, an obligatory intracellular and maternally-inherited symbiont, has recently attracted a lot of attention. Beside insects, Wolbachia are found in association with a wide variety of other invertebrate species, including mites, scorpions, spiders, crustaceans, filarial nematodes. Several surveys have indicated that Wolbachia may be symbiont of up to 70% of all insect species, rendering Wolbachia the most ubiquitous intracellular symbiotic organism on Earth. Wolbachia-host interactions range from many forms of reproductive parasitism to mutualistic symbioses. Different Wolbachia strains have been found to induce a number of reproductive alterations such as feminization, parthenogenesis, male-killing or cytoplasmic incompatibility. Despite their common occurrence and major effects on host biology, speciation and ecological diversity, little is known on the molecular mechanisms that mediate Wolbachia-host interactions. Recent studies focus on the potential of Wolbachia-based methods for the biological control of insect pests and disease vectors of agricultural, environmental and medical importance.
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