Σχέση θερμοκρασίας και ανάπτυξης του εντόμου Phenacoccus solenopsis σε εργαστηριακές συνθήκες

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Δημοσιευμένα: Jan 8, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11515
Sanjeev Kumar
Regional Research Station, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana -141004, Punjab, India
Ch. Kontodimas
2Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
Περίληψη

Ο ψευδόκοκκος του βαμβακιού Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) είναι ένας σημαντικός εχθρός της καλλιέργειας βαμβακιού στην επαρχία Punjab της Ινδίας. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε η ανάπτυξη του P. solenopsis σε εννέα σταθερές θερμοκρασίες (15, 18, 20, 25, 30, 34, 35, 38 και 40°C). Χρησιμοποιώντας τη γραμμική εξίσωση υπολογίστηκε το κατώτερο θερμοκρασιακό όριο (tmin) για την ανάπτυξη των θηλέων στους 4,93°C και την ανάπτυξη των αρρένων στους 2,95°C. Αντίστοιχα η θερμική σταθερά (Κ) ήταν 333,33 ημεροβαθμοί για τα θήλεα και 454,54 ημεροβαθμοί για τα άρρενα. Επίσης για την περιγραφή της σχέσης θερμοκρασίας και ρυθμού ανάπτυξης και τον υπολογισμό του ανώτερου θερμοκρασιακού ορίου (tmax) και της θερμοκρασίας ταχύτερης ανάπτυξης (topt) δοκιμάστηκαν τρία μη γραμμικά μαθηματικά πρότυπα (Lactin, Bieri-1 και το πολυώνυμο 3ου βαθμού). Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι εξισώσεις Bieri-1 και Lactin είχαν την καλύτερη προσαρμογή στα δεδομένα (συντελεστής προσδιορισμού: r2 = 93,4 – 99,9%) και υπολόγισαν με ακρίβεια όλες τις κρίσιμες θερμοκρασίες (tmin = 5,06 – 5,25°C, topt = 33,55 – 33,60°C, tmax = 39,99 – 40,00°C, για την ανάπτυξη των θηλέων και tmin = 2,82 – 3,16°C, topt = 34,01 – 34,04°C, tmax =40,00 – 40,10°C, για την ανάπτυξη των αρρένων).

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