Το φλοιοφάγο έντομο Pityogenes chalcographus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) στο νοτιότατο άκρο της φυσικής εξάπλωσης της ερυθρελάτης (Picea abies) στην Ελλάδα

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Δημοσιευμένα: Nov 7, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11589
D.N. Avtzis
Forest Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Foundation, Greece
W. Arthofer
Molecular Ecology Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
C. Stauffer
Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology & Forest Protection, Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources & Applied Life Sciences, BOKU Vienna, Austria
N. Avtzis
TEI of Kavala, School of Agricultural Technology, Dep. of Forestry and Natural Environment Management, Drama, Greece
R. Wegensteiner
Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology & Forest Protection, Department of Forest & Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources & Applied Life Sciences, BOKU Vienna, Austria
Περίληψη
Το φλοιοφάγο έντομο Pityogenes chalcographus L. αποτελεί ένα από τα κύρια βλαπτικά έντομα της υποοικογένειας Scolytinae, που είναι ευρέως εξαπλωμένο στην Ευρώπη. Ο κύριος ξενιστής του εντόμου είναι η ερυθρελάτη (Picea abies) ενώ επίσης μπορεί να αναπτυχθεί επι- τυχώς σε αρκετά ακόμη είδη κωνοφόρων όπως το πεύκο (Pinus sp.), το έλατο (Abies alba), η λάρικα (Larix decidua) και η ψευδοτσούγκα (Pseudotsuga douglasii). Παρά το γεγονός ότι η φυσική εξάπλωση του εντόμου συμπίπτει με αυτή του κύριου ξενιστή του, το P. chalcographus δεν έχει καταγραφεί ούτε και παγιδευτεί στο δάσος ερυθρελάτης στην Ελατιά Δρά- μας, που αποτελεί το νοτιότερο άκρο της φυσικής, αυτόχθονης εξάπλωσης της ερυθρελάτης. Στα πλαίσια της έρευνας εγκαταστάθηκαν στο δάσος της Ελατιάς πέντε φερομονικές παγίδες, οι οποίες περιείχαν την προσελκυστική ουσία chalcogran. Ο συνολικός αριθμός των φλοιοφά- γων εντόμων που συγκεντρώθηκαν μετά το πέρας της περιόδου που οι παγίδες ήταν στο πεδίο, ανήλθε σε αρκετές χιλιάδες ατόμων. Η ερυθρελάτη που αναπτύσσεται στο φυσικό δάσος της Ελατιάς βρίσκεται σε οριακό περιβάλλον όσον αφορά τις συνθήκες ανάπτυξής της, γεγονός που επιτείνεται και από την κλιματική αλλαγή, η οποία γίνεται ακόμη πιο εμφανής σε τέτοια περιβάλλοντα. Η συνδυαστική δράση αυτών των δύο παραγόντων μπορεί να καταστήσει την ερυθρελάτη ιδιαίτερα ευάλωτη στην προσβολή του P. chalcographus, γεγονός που θα μπο- ρούσε εν δυνάμει να θέσει σε κίνδυνο και τα ενδημικά είδη πεύκου της Ελλάδας, καθώς το φλοιοφάγο αυτό έντομο έχει την δυνατότητα ανάπτυξης σε μια πλειάδα ξενιστών.
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