Ενδείξεις της επίδρασης των πρακτικών διαχείρισης του υπoορόφου στην ποικιλότητα των αγγειωδών φυτών και των αρθρόποδων σε ελαιώνες στη Λέσβο, Ελλάδα

Scheepens et al 2024 (English)
Δημοσιευμένα: Dec 5, 2024
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Μεσογειακά οικοσυστήματα καλλιέργεια ελιάς αγροβιοποικιλότητα φυτική ποικιλότητα ποικιλότητα αρθροπόδων πρακτικές διαχείρισης υποορόφου
Nadia Scheepens
Εργαστήριο PrecFarm, Τμήμα Γεωγραφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-6169
Γιώργος Σταυριανάκης
Εργαστήριο PrecFarm, Τμήμα Γεωγραφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
Raheema Komba
Εργαστήριο PrecFarm, Τμήμα Γεωγραφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
Ευστράτιος Σέντας
Εργαστήριο PrecFarm, Τμήμα Γεωγραφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
Θανάσης Κίζος
Εργαστήριο PrecFarm, Τμήμα Γεωγραφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
Περίληψη

Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά την επίδραση τριών πρακτικών διαχείρισης του υποορόφου - εφαρμογή ζιζανιοκτόνων, εκκαθάριση του υποορόφου και αδιατάρακτο υποόροφο - στη βιοποικιλότητα των φυτών και των αρθροπόδων σε ελαιώνες στην περιοχή της Γέρας στη Λέσβο, Ελλάδα. Η μελέτη διαπίστωσε ότι η εφαρμογή ζιζανιοκτόνων είχε αρνητική επίδραση στην ποικιλότητα των φυτών, αλλά λιγότερο έντονες επιπτώσεις στα αρθρόποδα. Η ταχεία ανάκαμψη της βιοποικιλότητας των αρθρόποδων οφείλεται πιθανότατα στην υψηλή πολυπλοκότητα του τοπίου στην περιοχή της Γέρας. Οι εγκαταλελειμμένοι ελαιώνες εμφάνισαν τη χαμηλότερη αφθονία αρθρόποδων και βλάστησης, οδηγώντας σε σταδιακή φτωχοποίηση της φυτικής ποικιλότητας και αρνητικές επιπτώσεις στην ποικιλότητα των αρθροπόδων. Το ποσοστό των ετήσιων ειδών στη φυτοκάλυψη συσχετίστηκε θετικά με την αφθονία αρθρόποδων. Η μελέτη προτείνει ένα νέο οικολογικό σύστημα που υποστηρίζει τους γεωργούς για τη διατήρηση της φυτοκάλυψης του υπορόφου, με περιοδικό καθαρισμό μέσω της βόσκησης μηρυκαστικών, για την ενίσχυση της βιοποικιλότητας των φυτών και των αρθρόποδων στα συστήματα ελαιώνων.

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