Γεωμορφολογική εξέλιξη της παράκτιας περιοχής του Ίστρου-Καλού Χωριού του νομού Λασιθίου Κρήτης από το Μέσο Ολόκαινο μέχρι σήμερα

Abstract

The Istron area is located in northeastern Crete, Gulf of Mirabello, on an alluvial fan of Holocene age. The archaeological importance of this area is pointed out not only by its archaeological remains, but also by its significant location. Many important minoan sites, like Gournia, Kavousi, Pseira, have been discovered near Istro,. There are indications of human installations from the Neolithic to the Roman period, proving the continuous human activity in this area. The significant geological location, as it represents an area with intense tectonic activity, the geomorphological regime of the area and the climatic changes , influenced human installations as well as the evolution of the civilization . The study of sea-land interactions during the last seven millennia in relation to the eustatic sea level oscillations and the regional neotectonic regime, as well as the géomorphologie observations and analyses on deposited sediments, aims to reveal the paleogeographic evolution of the landscape and its impact on prehistoric, classical and Roman establishments. Therefore, a geomorphological mapping of the coastal area along with the drilling of five boreholes and the excavation of six trenches, have been accomplished. Moreover, pollen and microfaunal (benthic foraminifera and ostracodes) analyses have been performed. Six samples were dated using AMS and Conventional radiocarbon techniques providing temporal control of the sediments. Sea level rise along with sea-land interactions to the landscape evolution and the transgression of sea in 5000BP have been verified. Additionally, several implications for the use of land and human impact civilization have been concluded.