Geomorphological classification of the Thrace coasts after Valentin

PDF (ελληνικά)
Published: Jan 1, 2001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17045
Keywords:
Thrace Greece Geology coasts classification erosion beach transgression regression
Γ. ΞΕΙΔΑΚΗ
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Democritous University of Thrace
Π. ΔΕΛΗΜΑΝΗ
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Democritous University of Thrace
Abstract

An attempt is made in this paper to elucidate the geologic evolution of the coastal zone at the North Aegean Sea (Thrace area) during the Holocene period and its géomorphologie classification. Various classification systems were applied but the Valentin system found to be the most applicable for the situation. Data were drawn from old topographic maps and aerophotos and from field observations. The main conclusion from this study is that the coasts of Thrace, and the North Aegean Sea, in their major stretch are retreating and submegning slowly(transgressive); most of them are formed by terrestrial deposits (river, torrents, etc) and are plain (open) coasts, according to Valentin classification. Even stretches of the Nestos River delta retreated by 100-150 m during the last forty years. The retrogression of the Thrace coasts is attributed mainly to engineering interference in the drainage system inland (construction of dams and irrigation canals, rearrangement or diversion of the river courses, embankment at rivers, etc.). All these works reduced drastically the sediments supply to the sea through the drainage system resulting in the erosion of the coasts. Technical interference near or on the shoreline like port construction, summer resorts, breakwaters, etc. also changed the dynamic equilibrium of the sediment transport along the shoreline, resulting in erosion at some stretches and deposition at others. There are but a few places where the coast is in equilibrium or even advancing e.g. estuaries and deltas of small torrents,the Mangana coast, the Mandra-Porto Lagos coast, etc.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Neotectonics and Geomorphology
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
ALEXANDER C. S., 1966. A method of descriptive shore classification and mapping as applied to the northeast coast of Tanganyika. Assoc. Am. Geographers, Annals 56, 128 - 140.
ΑΝΔΡΟΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ B., 1977. Γεωλογική μελέτη της περιοχής Διδυμοτείχου - Πενταλόφου (Λεκάνης Ορεστιάδας). Γεωλ. και Γεωφ. Μελέτες. 2 Ι.Γ.Μ.Ε. Αθήνα.
ARMOUR - BROWN Α., BRUIJIN, Η., by ΜΑΝΙΑΤΙ, C, SIOTOS, G., NIESEN, Ρ. (1977). The Geology of the Neogene sediments North of Serrai and the use of Rodent faunas for Biostratigraph Control. VI colloquium on the Geology of the Aegean Region, II. pp. 615- 622, Athens.
ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΙΔΗΣ Σ. Σ., 1969. Εγχειρίδιον Γενικής Γεωλογίας. Μέρος Ι. Γεωμορφολογία, Αθήνα. BLOOM, Α. L., 1965. The explanatory description of coasts. Zeitschr. Geom., N.F.,9,422- 436.
CAGATAY, M.N.; GORUR, N.; ALGAN,0.; EASTOE,C.; TCHAPALYGA,A.; ONGAN,D.; KUHN,T. AND I. KUSCU, 2000. Late Glacial-Holocene Palaeoceanography of the Sea of Marmara: timing of connections with the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Marine Geology v.167, pp. 191-206
DAVIS, R.A.(Edr) 1978. Coastal Sedimentary environments. Springer - Verlag, Berlin, 420p.
Δ.Ε.Π. 1979. Delta du Nestos. Synthese petroliere NI, N2, N3, Athens.
ΔΕΛΗΜΑΝΗ, Π., 2000. Γεωλογικές μεταβολές της ακτογραμμής στην περιοχή της Θράκης και επιπτώσεις στη χρήση γής της παραλιακής ζώνης. Διδακτοπική διατριβή, Τμήμα Πολιτικών Μηχανικών, Πολιτεχνική Σχολή, Δ.Π.Θ., Ξάνθη, 474 σελίδες.
ΔΙΑΜΑΝΤΗΣ Ι.,Β.,1985.Υδρογεωλογική μελέτη λεκάνη λίμνης Βιστονίδας.Μελέτη υδροφόρων οριζόντων μέσα σ'ένα ευρύ ετερογενές πεδίο Διδακτορική διατριβή. Ξάνθη 1985.
DÏLAN, R., HAYDEN, Β. P.,HORNBERGER, G.,ZIEMAN, J., and VINCENT, Μ. K. 1972.Classification of the Coastal Environments of the World. Part I.The Americas.Office of Naval Research, O.N.R. N00014-69-A00060-0006, NR 389 - 158 Tech. Rept., 161p.
INMAN, D. L., and NORDSTROM, C. E., 1971. On the tectonic and morphological classification of coasts. Jour. Geology 79, 1-21.
JOHNSON, D.W.,1919.Shore Processes and Shoreline Development. NY. J. Wiley & Sons, 584p.
KING C.A.M.,1982.Coasts classification. In: The enciclopedia of Beaches and coastal environments, Vol.XV.M.L. Schwartz (edr). Hutchinson Ross Pub. Co., USA
KOUSPARIS, D. 1979. Seismic stratigraphy and Basin Development - Nestos Delta Area, North - eastern Greece. DEP, Athens.
LALECHOS, N. & SAVOYAT, E., 1977. La sedimentation Neogene dans la fosse Nord Egeen. VI colloquium on the geology of the Aegean Region II, pp. 591 - 603, Athens.
ΜΑΡΑΤΟΣ, Γ., και ΑΝΔΡΟΝΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, Β. 1964β. Νεώτερα δεδομένα επί της ηλικίας των φυλλιτών της Ροδόπης. Δελτ. Ελλην. Γεωλ. Εταιρ. 6, σελ. 113 -131.
ΜΠΟΡΝΟΒΑΣ, Ι. 1973 Νεοτεκτονικός Χάρτης της Θράκης. Ι.Γ.Μ.Ε, Αθήνα.
ΝΟΥΣΙΝΑΝΟΣ, Θ., ΛΙΒΑΔΑ, Γ., ΚΑΡΑΟΛΙΔΗ, Χ., ΣΤΥΛΙΑΝΟΥ, Φ. 1976.Γεωλογική μελέτη λεκάνης Ξάνθης- Κομοτηνής, Δ.Ε.Π., Αθήνα.
PERISSORATIS, C. AND MITROPOULOS, D. 1988. Late Quaternary Evolution of the Northern Aegean Slelf. Quaternary research 32 p.p. 36-50 1989.
ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΡΑΤΗΣ, Κ. και PIPER, D., J., 1991. Ο ρόλος της μεταβολής της στάθμης της θάλασσας στην ιζηματογένεση του Β. Αιγαίου κατά το Αν. τεταρτογενές. Δελτίο Ελληνικής Γεωλογικής Εταιρείας XXV/4 129-140 1991, Πρακτικά 5ου Επιστημονικού Συνεδρίου θεσσαλονίκη Μαϊος 1990.
ΠΕΤΑΛΑΣ, Χ., 1997. Ανάλυση υδροφόρων συστημάτων στο ετερογενές και παράκτιο πεδίο του Ν. Ροδόπης. Διδακτορική διατριβή, Δημοκρίτειο Παν/μιο Θράκης, Τμήμα Πολιτικών Μηχανικών, Ξάνθη, 1997.
POLLAR, W., 1979. Structural and lithological development of the Prinos - Kavalabasin, sea of the Thrace, Greece. An. Geol. pays Hell. Athens.
PRICE, W., 1955. Correlation of Shoreline Types with Offshore Bottom Conditions. Austin, Texas: A & M, College of Texas, Department of Oceanography, Project 63, 2p.
ΠΡΟΕΔΡΟΥ, Π., & ΣΤΥΛΙΑΝΟΎ, Φ. 1978. . Συνθετική γεωλογική έκθεση γεωτρήσεως "ΚΟΜΟΤΗΝΗ 1". ΔΕΠ, Αθήνα
PUTMAN, W. C, ALEXANDER, D. I., BAILEY, H. P., and McGILL, J. T, 1960.Natural Coastal Environments of the World. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 140p.
RICHTHOFEN, F. von, 1886. Fuhreh fur Forschungsreisende. Hanover: Janecke, 734p.
SHEPARD, F P., 1937. Revised classification of marine shorelines, Jour. Geology 45, 602 - 624.
SHEPARD, F. P., 1963. Submarine Geology, 2d ed. New York: Harper and Row, 557p.
STOURNARAS, G. 1984. Evolution et comportement un system aquifere heterogene.Geologie et hydrogeologie du delta du Nestos (Grece) et de ses bordures. Docteur de spécialité. Grenoble.
TANNER, W. F., 1960a. Florida coastal classification, Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Socs. Trans. ΙΟ,ρρ. 259 - 266.
TANNER, W. F, 1960b. Bases of coastal classification. Southeastern Geology 2, pp. 13 -22.
VALENTIN, H., 1969. Principles of a handbook on regional coastal geomorphology of the world. Zeitschr. Geomorphologie, Ν. F., 13, pp. 124- 129.
ZENKOVICH, V. P., 1967. Processes of Coastal Development. Edinburgh:01iver and Boyd,738p.
ΨΙΛΟΒΙΚΟΣ, Α., ΒΑΒΛΙΑΚΗΣ, Ε., ΛΑΓΓΑΛΗΣ, Θ., 1986. Φυσικές και ανθρωπογενείς διεργασίες της πρόσφατης εξέλιξης του Δέλτα του Νέστου. Δελ. Ελλ. Γεωλ. Εταιρ.Τόμος XX, σελ. 313 - 324. AOrjva
YALTIRAK, C; ALPAR, Β.; SAKINC, Μ. AND Η. YUCE, 2000. Origin of the Straits of Canakkale(Dardanelles): regional tectonics and the Mediterrane - Marmara incursion. Marine geology v. 164, pp.139-156.
Most read articles by the same author(s)