Double Bordering of the Nicosia Historic Centre: Contested Heritage, Divisions, and Attachments of the Walled City


Опубликован: Dec 31, 2024
Nikolaos Pasamitros
Veroniki Krikoni
Аннотация

Nicosia is a place of double bordering where the Venetian wall surrounds the old city and simultaneously the Green Line cuts through its historical nucleus and separates it into two distinct administrative parts, a north and a south one. Authorities in the Greek Cypriot (GC) and Turkish Cypriot (TC) communities exercise policies that use the division of the city in order to construct and promote ethnocentric narratives. Similarly, heritage management and use are driven by ethnocentric political aims, based on a national heritage perception framework that fortifies and regulates national identity. Ethnocentric heritage discourse is challenged by a universalist framework that tries to foster reconciliation through bicommunal projects. Although this framework produces significant collaborative heritage projects, it is criticised for promoting externally imposed universalism. Alternatively, recent heritage theory and local practice in the historic centre of Nicosia stress the significance of inclusive approaches to heritage that would further encourage the involvement of local heritage communities, increase the sense of heritage ownership, involve underrepresented communities, and open a dialogue on dissonant heritage.

Article Details
  • Раздел
  • Articles
Скачивания
Данные скачивания пока недоступны.
Библиографические ссылки
Anderson, B. (2016). Imagined communities. London: Verso Books.
Araoz, G. F. (2011). Preserving heritage places under a new paradigm. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 1(1), 55–60.
Bakshi, A. (2012). A shell of memory: The Cyprus conflict and Nicosia’s walled city. Memory Studies, 5(4), 479–496.
Bakirtzis, N. (2017). Fortifications as Urban Heritage: The Case of Nicosia in Cyprus and a Glance at the City of Rhodes. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, 62, 171–192.
Balderstone, S. (2007). Managing Heritage in the wake of War and Conflict in Cyprus. ICOMOS Conference Extreme Heritage James Cook University, Queensland, Australia, 19-21 July, 2007
Daugbjerg, M., & Fibiger, T. (2011). Introduction: Heritage Gone Global. Investigating the Production and Problematics of Globalized Pasts. History and Anthropology, 22(2), 135–147.
Europa Nostra. (2019). Lecture ‘Heritage-led Collaboration in a Divided City: The Nicosia Master Plan.’ Leuven, Europa Nostra. Available at: https://www.europanostra.org/events/lecture-heritage-led-collaboration-in-a-divided-city-the-nicosia-master-plan-leuven/ (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Farmaki, A., and Antoniou, K. (2017). Politicising Dark Tourism Sites: Evidence from Cyprus. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 9(2): 175–186.
Hatay, M. (2017). Ledra Palace blues: The rise and fall of an iconic hotel, Ahval, 21 November 2017. Available at: https://ahvalnews.com/cyprus/ledra-palace-blues-rise-and-fall-iconic-hotel (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Heraclidou, A., & Stylianou-Lambert, T. (2023). The Ledra Palace Hotel and the ‘difficult history’ of modern Cyprus. Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 47(1), 103–122.
Home for Cooperation. (n.d.). About us. Available at: https://www.home4cooperation.info/who-we-are/ (Accessed: 15/11/2024).
Kisić, V. (with European Cultural Foundation). (2016). Governing heritage dissonance: Promises and realities of selected cultural policies. European Cultural Foundation.
Military Histories - The First Demarcation Line. (n.d.). Available at: https://www.militaryhistories.co.uk/greenline/first (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Municipality of Nicosia. (n.d.). Study team. Available at: https://www.nicosia.org.cy/en-GB/municipality/services/technical/nmp/team/ (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Papadakis, Y. (1994). The National Struggle Museums of a divided city. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 17(3), 400–419.
Papadakis, Y. (1998). Walking in the Hora: ‘Place’ and ‘Non-Place’ in Divided Nicosia. Journal of Mediterranean Studies 8(2), 302-327.
Pasamitros, N. (2022). Conflict Transformation and Cultural Heritage Use in Cyprus. HAPSc Policy Briefs Series, 3(1), 121–129.
Pasamitros, N. (2024). Contested Heritage Perspectives and Strategies in Cyprus. In L. Lixinski, & Y. Zhu (Eds.). Heritage, conflict and peace-building. London: Routledge, pp. 101–129.
Petridou, A. (1998). Nicosia: Perspectives for Urban Rehabilitation. Journal of Mediterranean Studies 8(2), 350-364.
Pieri, C. (2017). Selective heritage management in divided cities: focusing on Nicosia's walled city centre. PhD thesis, Nottingham Trent University. Available at: https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/34658 (Accessed: 10/11/2024).
Pieri, C. (2023). A critical examination of the impact of power relations on the management of walled Nicosia’s architectural heritage. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 7(1), 100471.
Siandou, E. (2018). Heritage Values as a Tool for Promoting Peace: The Case of the Modern Architectural Heritage in Cyprus.” ICOMOS 19th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium “Heritage and Democracy”, 13-14 December 2017, New Delhi: India. Available at: http://openarchive.icomos.org/id/eprint/1986/ (Accessed: 14/11/2024).
Smith, L. (2006). Uses of Heritage. London; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Smith, L. (2009). Class, Heritage and the Negotiation of Place. In Missing Out on Heritage: Socio-Economic Status and Heritage. Available at: http://www.englishheritage.org.uk/about/who-we-are/how-we-are-run/heritage-for-all/missing-outconference/ (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Smith, L. (2012). Discourses of heritage: Implications for archaeological community practice. Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos. https://doi.org/10.4000/nuevomundo.64148
Smith, L., & Waterton, E. (2012). Constrained by Commonsense: The Authorized Heritage Discourse in Contemporary Debates. In: R. Skeates, C. McDavid, & J. Carman (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Public Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 153–171.
Stylianou-Lambert, T., & Bounia, A. (2016). The Political Museum. London: Routledge.
Republic Of Cyprus, Department Of Antiquities, Ministry Of Communications and Works. (2007). European Heritage Label Listing – Application Form for the Fortifications of Nicosia.
UNDP. (2013). UNDP in Cyprus, United Nations Development Programme. Available at: http://www.cy.undp.org/content/cyprus/en/home/ourwork/partners.html (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
UNESCO. (2019). Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention. Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Available at: https://whc.unesco.org/en/guidelines/ (Accessed: 11/11/2024).
Wollentz, G. (2020). Landscapes of Difficult Heritage. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Zesimou, S. (1998). Seeing Beyond the Walls: Maps, Power and Ideology in Nicosia. Journal of Mediterranean Studies 8(2), 252-283.