Chaotic and long-term trends in Berre Lagoon (Provence, France): a shift towards alien-dominated assemblages?

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Published: Feb 26, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.39056
Keywords:
Species introduction non-indigenous species (NIS) Berre Lagoon Global change anoxic crisis climate change coastal lagoon Mediterranean Sea
PATRICK ASTRUCH
GIS Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, Campus of Luminy, Marseille, France
THOMAS SCHOHN
GIS Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, Campus of Luminy, Marseille, France
FRÉDÉRIC ANDRÉ
INaturalist, DORIS.ffessm.fr, Apt, France
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0241-6065
BRUNO BELLONI
GIS Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, Campus of Luminy, Marseille, France
CHARLES-FRANÇOIS BOUDOURESQUE
Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
CHRISTOPHE LEJEUSNE
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), CNRS, IRD, Aix-Marseille University, Avignon University, Station Marine d’Endoume, 13007 Marseille, France
NICOLAS MAYOT
GIPREB, Berre l’Etang, France
GUILLAUME MARCHESSAUX
Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
THIERRY THIBAUT
Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
HELMUT ZIBROWIUS
Le Corbusier 644, 280 Boulevard Michelet, 13008, Marseille
MARC VERLAQUE
GIS Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, Campus of Luminy, Marseille, France & Aix-Marseille University, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
Abstract

Over historical time, Berre Lagoon (SE France, NW Mediterranean Sea) had undergone various changes. These became more significant, transforming and even disruptive since the 19th century when the channel connecting the lagoon to the sea was deepened and the surrounding areas were industrialized and urbanized. Pollution and anoxic crises were major consequences. Concomitantly, many non-indigenous species (NIS) arrived in the lagoon. In recent years, climate change and freshwater input from a hydro-electric power plant have been the main drivers influencing the lagoon ecosystem. The major anoxic crisis of 2018 caused the lagoon ecosystem to collapse. In the following years, an increase in mean salinity linked with low precipitation in the regional watershed and the resulting lower freshwater input from the hydro-electric power plant caused rapid changes in ecological assemblages and favoured newly arrived NIS. An updated list of NIS and cryptogenic species (38 taxa according to the last census) is presented here. The species introduction rate has strongly increased since 2000, or at least the recognition rate. Temporal and spatial changes are discussed for major NIS in Berre Lagoon. The success of new NIS is interpreted as a consequence of the 2018 crisis, of global change and of re-marinization of the water body related to dryer periods and stricter freshwater input regulation.

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