The parasites of ostriches


G. THEODOROPOULOS (Γ. ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Abstract

Ostrich production is a new type of venture activity which has appeared in Greece recently. The objective of this paper is to present the parasites which have been found to parasitize ostriches and related species of birds, as well as to present an update of what we know today about their pathogenicity and measures of control.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Review Articles
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
World Poultry, Vol. Κ), No. 8,1994. p. 20.
Gregory D: Edwards W; and Stair E. A case of monensin poisoning in ostriches. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 1992; 34(3): 247.
Hanley, RS, Woods, LW, Stillian, DJ, and Dumonceaux, GA. Serpulina-like spirochetes and flagellated protozoa associated with a necrotizing typhlitis in the rhea (Rhea americana). Kornelsen. MJ. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Association of Avian Veterinarians; September 28-30,1994; Reno. Nevada. PO Βοχ 18372/Orlando/ FL 32861: Association Avian Veterinarians: 1994 157-162.
Borst G and Lambers G. [Typhlohepatitis in ostriches (Struthio camelus) caused by a Histomonas infection]. Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskundc 1985:110(13): 536.
Dhillon A. Histomoniasis in a captive great rhea (Rhea americana). Journal-of Wildlife-Diseases 1983:19(3): 274.
Ippen R. Typhlohepatitis [histomoniasis] in zoo birds. Ippen. R and Schroder, HD. Erkrankungen der Zootiere. Verhandlungsbericht des 25. Internationalen Symposiums über die Erkrankungen der Zootiere: 11. Mai bis 15. Mai 1983; Wien. Berlin, German Democratic Republic: Akademie-Veiiag;1983 135-138.
McMillan E and Zellen G. Histomoniasis in a rhea. Canadian Veterinary Journal 1991; 32(4): 244.
Kreibich A. and Sommer M. The Ostrich Farm Management Book, 1996.
Gajadhar A. Host specificity studies and oocyst description of a Cryptosporidium sp. isolated from ostriches. Parasitology Research 1994: 80(4): 316-319.
Gajadhar A. Cryptosporidium species in imported ostriches and consideration of possible implications for birds in Canada. Canadian Veterinary Journal 1993; 34(2): 115-116.
Allwright D and Wessels J. Cryptosporidium species in ostriches. Veterinär)' Record 1993:133(1): 24.
Penrith M, Bezuidenhout A, Burger W and Putterill J. Evidence for cryptosporidial infection as a cause of prolapse of the phallus and cloaca in ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus). Onderstepoort-Journal-of Veterinary-Research 1994; 61(4): 283-289.
Bezuidenhout A, Penrith M and Burger W. Prolapse of the Phallus and Cloaca in the Ostrich (Struthio-camelus). Journal of the South African Veterinary Associati ο η
:64(4):156-158.
Orosz S, MuUins J and Patton S. Evidence of toxoplasmosis in two ratitcs. Journal of the Association of Avian Veterinarians 1992; 6(4): 219-222.
Yamada M. Yoshikawa H, Tegoshi T, Matsumoto Y, Yoshikawa T, Shiota Τ and Yoshida Y. Light microscopical study of Blastocyst is spp. in monkeys and fowls. Parasitology Research 1987: 73(6): 527-531.
Huber L Herceg M and Maran B. Diseases of Australian animals in the Zagreb Zoo. Ippen, R and Schroder HD. Erkrankungen der Zootiere. Verhandlungsbericht des XVIII Internationalen Symposiums über die Erkrankungen der Zootiere; 16-20 June, 1976;Innsbruck;1976 13-16.
Kwiecien J, Smith D, Key D. Swinton J and Smith ML. Encephalitis attributed to larval migration of Baylisascaris species in emus. Canadian Veterinary Journal 1993;
(3):176-178.
Kazacos K. Fitzgerald S and Reed W. Baylisascaris procyonis as a cause of cerebrospinal nematodiasis in rat it es. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 1991:22(4): 460-465.
Kazacos K, Winterfield R, and Thacku: t:. : . J epidemiology of verminous encephalitis in Diseases 1982; 26(2): 389-391.
Dhillon A. Important pet bird cases seei A stern Washington Diagnostic Laboratory. Pr . . . - ί the Western Poultry Disease Conference i, ; v "• -2 1
Barton Ν and Seward D. Detection of Lit evlus douglassi in ostriches in Australia. Austi ι ι nan Journal 1993: 70( 1 ): 31-32.
Button C, Barton N, Veale Ρ and Overend D ; Libyostrongylus douglassi οη ostrich I : iiern Victoria. Australian Veterinär} Journal
Nel C. Dosing οϊ ostriches for intern; sites. Elsenburg Joernaal 1980: 4(2): 31-33.
Fockema A, Malan F, Cooper (> '• ssei H. Anthelmintic efficacy öf fenbendazok _ Λ Libyostrongylus douglassi and Houttuynia sn s in ostriches. Journal of the South Africa! '• ïterinary Association 1985; 56(1): 47-48.
Malan F, Gruss B, Roper N, Ashburnei u d Du Plessis C. Resistance of Libyostrongylus douglassi sti /nes to levamisole. Journal of the South Ati:^.•.: • . . nary
Association 1988; 59(4): 202-203.
Hoberg E, Lloyd S and Omar H. Libyostrong> LIS Dentatus N-Sp (Nematoda, Trichostrongylidae I n m l >sn dies in North-Am erica, with Comments oi the Genera
Libyostrongylus and Paralibyostrongylus Journal of Parasitology 1995; 81(1): 85-93.'
Dewit J. Mortality of Rheas Caused b) a Synchamus- Trachea Infection. Veterinär}' Quarter!) llj,<: : ~ ι: 39-40.
Frolka, J and Zavadil, R. Infection with nerr les of the genus Cyathostoma in emu (Dromieeius π î andiae) and cranes (Grus antigone). Ippen R and Schroder HD. Erkrankungen der Zootiere. Verhandlungsbericht des XXIII Internationalen Symposiums über die Erkrankungen der Zootiere: 24-28 Juni. [981; Halle-Saale. ;1981; 215-224.
Ewing M. Yonzon M, Page R. Brown I and Davidson W. Deletrocephalus-dimidiatus Infestation in an Adult Rhea (Pterocnemia-Pennata). Avian Diseases Ì995; 39(2): 441-443.
Bartlett C and Anderson R. Paronchocerca struthionus n.sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from ostriches ι Struthio camelus), with a redescription ol Par« nchocerca
ciconiarum Peters, 1936 and a review ol the genus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 1986; 64{ i ! ι _-v -2491.
Noda R and Nagata S. Struthiofilaria megalocephala gen. et sp.n. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from ".::. : _:it of an ostrich. Bulletin of the Universit) of Osaka Prefecture, B. 1976; 28: 1-4.
Blue-McLendon A, Ainbrus S. Graham I) .•. I < raig T. An outbreak of cerebral nematodia^ : . " .* Junge, RE. Proceedings of the American sso< I /.oo Veterinarians and American Assoc : Wildlife Veterinarians Annual Conference: Ν . .• 15-19, 1992; Oakland. [Philadelphia]: Amei c V» π ^ϊ Zoo Veterinarians; [1992] 191-192.
?>?>. Law J. Tully Τ and Stewart T. Vei * en< :phalitis apparently caused by the filarioid nem ι creila quiscali in emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae). Avian Diseases 1993; 37(2): 597-601.
Bain O, Chabaud A and Burger W. Versternema struthionis n. gen., η. sp.. an archaic filarud with no specialized characteristics. Annales de Parasitologic Humaine et Comparée 1992:67(5): 141-143.
Borgarenko L, Dzhuraev A and Galina Ζ. Ostrich mortality due to filariasis. Izvestiya Akademu Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR. Biologicheskie Nauki.1982: 4: 89-90.
Reddy Κ and Rao B. Nematodes parasites of captive birds at Nehru Zoological Park at Hyderabad. Andhra Pradesh. Current-Science 1983: 52(7): 316.
Gruss B, Malan F, Roper N, Du Plessis C and Ashburner A. The anthelmintic efficacy of resorantel against Houttuynia struthionis in ostriches. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 1988: 59(4): 207-208.
Greve J and Harrison G. Conjunctivitis caused by eye flukes in captive-reared ostriches. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1980: 177(9): 909-910.
Dominquez de Tena M. Hernandez Rodriguez S, Becerra Martell C. Calerò Carretero R, Moreno Montanez Τ and Martinez Gomez F. Struthiolipeurus nandù 1950 (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) parasitising an ostrich (Struthio camelus) in the Cordoba zoo, Spain. Revista Iberica de Parasitologia 1976: 36(3-4): 167-173.
Sasaki Η, Kangethe E and Kaburia H. Blood Meal Sources Of Glossina Pallidipes And G Longipennis (Diptera, Glossinidae) In Nguruman, Southwest Kenya. Journal Of
Medical Entomology 1995; 32(3): 390-393. '
Norval R. The ticks of Zimbabwe. VII. The genus Amblyomma. Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal 1983:14(1/4): 3,6-18.
Mertins J and Schlater J. Exotic ectoparasites of ostriches recently imported into the United States. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 1991: 27(1): 180-182.
Hoover J, Lochner F, and Mullins S. Quill mites in an ostrich with rhinitis, sinusitis and air sacculitis. Companion Animal Practice 1988: 2(3): 23-26.
Most read articles by the same author(s)