Seasonal variation of fatty acids composition of milk from grazing ewes in Thessaly, central Greece
Keywords:
Fatty acids conjugated linoleic acid ovine milk gas chromatographic analysis grazed pasture
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes in fatty acids (FAs) profile and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk from grazing ewes in winter (December and January) and spring (April and May) in Thessaly, central Greece. No significant changes (P>0.05) in the physicochemical properties (pH and protein, lactose and total solids content) of winter and spring milk were observed. However, the fat content of spring milk was lower (P<0.05) than the winter milk. The saturated FAs content of milk was not significantly changed (P>0.05) during winter neither during spring, whereas the polyunsaturated FAs content was significantly changed (P<0.05) in each of the four months examined. Nevertheless, in the ovine milk of spring, the saturated FAs content was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FAs content was significantly increased (P<0.05) as compared to that of winter milk. In contrast to the saturated FAs decrease in spring milk, the saturated stearic acid (C18:0) content showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the spring milk as compared to winter milk. In winter milk, the C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 CLA levels were 0.89±0.05 and 0.98±0.03g/100 g Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) in December and January, respectively, whereas, in spring milk, the CLA levels were significantly increased (P<0.05) to 1.36±0.04 and 1.27±0.03g/100 g FAMEs in April and May, respectively. The atherogenicity index (AI) associated with proatherogenic and antiatherogenic FAs was found significantly (P<0.05) lower in spring milk compared to winter milk.
Article Details
- How to Cite
-
GOVARI, M., ILIADIS, S., PAPAGEORGIOU, D., & FLETOURIS, D. (2019). Seasonal variation of fatty acids composition of milk from grazing ewes in Thessaly, central Greece. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 70(3), 1707–1716. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.21797
- Issue
- Vol. 70 No. 3 (2019)
- Section
- Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abilleira E, Collomb M, Schlichtherle-Cerny H, Virto M, Renobales M (2009) Winter/Spring Changes in Fatty Acid Composition of Farmhouse Idiazabal Cheese Due to Different Flock Management Systems. J Agric Food Chem 57: 4746–4753.
Atti N, Rouissi H, Othmane MH (2006) Milk production, milk fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy ewes raised on feedlot or grazing pasture. Livest Sci104:121– 127.
Balthazar CF, Pimentel TC, Ferrao LL, Almada CN, Santillo A, Albenzio M, Mollakhalili N, Mortazavian AM, Nascimento J, Silva MC, Freitas MQ, Sant’Ana AS, Granato D, Cruz AG (2017) Sheep Milk: Physicochemical characteristics and relevance for functional food development. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 16: 247-262.
Bauman DE, Corl BA, Peterson GP (2003) The biology of conjugated linoleic acids in ruminants. In J.-L.Sebedio, W. W. Christie, R. Adlof (Eds.), Advances in conjugated linoleic acid research, Vol. 2 (pp. 146–173). Champaign, IL, USA: AOCS Press.
Bauman DE, Griinari JM (2001). Regulation and nutritional manipulation of milk fat: low-fat milk syndrome. Livest Prod Sci 70: 15–29.
Benjamin S, Prakasan P., Sreedharan S, Wright ADG, Spener F (2015) Pros and cons f CLA consumption: An insight from clinical evidences. Nutr Metab 12(1): 4-15.
Buccioni A, Rapaccini S, Antongiovanni M, Minieri S, Conte G, Mele M (2010) Conjugated linoleic acid and C18:1 isomers content in milk fat of sheep and their transfer to Pecorino Toscano cheese. Int Dairy J 20(3): 190-194.
CabidduA, Decandia M, Addis M, Piredda G, Pirisi A, Molle G (2005) Managing Mediterranean pastures in order to enhance the level of beneficial fatty acids in sheep milk. Small Rumin Res 59: 169–180.
Carloni M, Fedeli D, Roscioni T, Gabbianelli R, Falcioni G (2010) Seasonal variation of fat composition in sheep’s milk from areas of central Italy. Med J Nutrition Metab 3(1): 55-60.
Carreño D, Hervás G, Toral PG, Castro-Carrera T, Frutos P (2016) Fish oil-induced milk fat depression and associated downregulation of mammary lipogenic genes in dairy ewes. J Dairy Sci 99(10):7971-7981.
Castro T, MansoT, Jimeno V, Del Alamo M, Mantecon AR (2009) Effects of dietary sources of vegetable fats on performance of dairy ewes and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk. Small Rumin Res 84: 47–53.
Castro-Gomez M P, Rodriguez-Alcalá LM, Calvo MV, Romero J, Mendiola JA, Ibañez E, Fontecha J (2014) Total milk fat extraction and quantification of polar and neutral lipids of cow, goat, and ewe milk by using a pressurized liquid system and chromatographic techniques. J Dairy Sci 97:6719–6728.
Chion AR, Tabacco E, Giaccone D, Peiretti P G, Battelli G, Borreani G (2010) Variation of fatty acid and terpene profiles in mountain milk and ‘‘Tomapiemontese” cheese as affected by diet composition in different seasons. Food Chem121: 393–399.
De La Fuente LF, Barbosa E ,Carriedo JA, Gonzalo C, Arenas R, Fresno J M, San Primitivo F (2009) Factors influencing variation of fatty acid content in ovine milk. J Dairy Sci 92: 3791–3799. De Noni I, Battelli G (2008) Terpenes and fatty acid profiles of milk fat and ‘‘Bitto” cheese as affected by transhumance of cows on different mountain pastures. Food Chem 109: 299–309.
De Renobales M, Amores G, Arranz J, Virto M, Barron LJR, Bustamante MA, Ruiz de Gordoa JC, Najera AI, Valdivielso I, Abilleira E , Beltran de Heredia I, Perez-Elortondo FJ, Ruiz R, Albisu M, Mandaluniz N (2012) Part-time grazing improves sheep milk production and its nutritional characteristics. Food Chem130: 90–96.
Elgo- Dimitra. Hellenic Agricultural Organization Dimitra (2018) Production of ovine and caprine milk in the provinces of Greece and price values for the farmers in the year 2017. ELGO- Dimitra, Athens.
Fletouris D, Govari M, Botsoglou E (2015) The influence of retail display storage on the fatty acid composition of modified atmosphere packaged Graviera Agraphon cheese. Int J Dairy Technol 68: 218-226.
Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GHS (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226:497–509.
Fuke G, Nornberg JL (2017) Systematic evaluation on the effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid in human health. Crit Rev Food Sci 57:1-7.
Gómez-Cortés P, Frutos P, Mantecón AR, Juarez M, de la Fuente MA, Hervás G (2009) Effect of supplementation of grazing dairy ewes with a cereal concentrate on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile J Dairy Sci 92(8): 3964-3972.
International Dairy Federation (IDF) (1995). Milk and Milk Products. Methods of Sampling. IDF Standard 50C. Brussels, Belgium.
International Dairy Federation (IDF) (2002) Milk Fat. Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters. Standard 182. Brussels, Belgium.
Lock AL, Garnsworthy PC (2003) Seasonal variation in milk conjugated linoleic acid and Δ9 -desaturase activity in dairy cows. Livest Prod Sci 79:47–59.
Lu J, Pickova J, Vázquez-Gutiérrez JL, Langton M (2018) Influence of seasonal variation and ultra high temperature processing on lipid profile and fat globule structure of Swedish cow milk. Food Chem 239: 848-857.
Malissiova E, Tzora A, Katsioulis A, Hatzinikou M, Tsakalof A, Arvanitoyannis IS, Govaris A, Hadjichristodoulou C (2015) Relationship between production conditions and milk gross composition in ewe’s and goat’s organic and conventional farms in central Greece. Dairy Sci Technol 95 (4): 437-450.
Meluchova B, Blasko J, Kubinec R, Gorova R, Dubravska J, Margetin M, Sojak L (2008) Seasonal variations in fatty acid composition of pasture forage plants and CLA content in ewe milk fat. Small Rumin Res 78: 56–65.
Mierlita D, Daraban S, Lup F (2011) Effects of breed on milk fatty acid profile in dairy ewes, with particular reference to -9, -11 conjugated linoleic acid. S Afr J Anim Sci 41:223-231.
Milewski S, Zbek K, Antoszkiewicz Z, Tański Z, Sobczak A (2018) Impact of production season on the chemical composition and health properties of goat milk and rennet cheese. Emir J Food Agric 30(2):107-114.
Nantapo CTW, Muchenje V, Hugo A (2014) Atherogenicity index and health-related fatty acids in different stages of lactation from Friesian, Jersey and Friesian × Jersey cross cow milk under a pasture-based dairy system Food Chem 146: 127-133.
Nudda A, McGuire MA, Battacone G, Pulina G (2005) Seasonal variation in conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in milk fat of sheep and its transfer to cheese and ricotta. J Dairy Sci 88:1311–1319.
Ostrovsky I, Pavlıkova E, Blasko J, Gorova R, Kubinec R, Margetın M Sojak L (2009) Variation in fatty acid composition of ewes’ milk during continuous transition from dry winter to natural pasture diet. Int Dairy J 19: 545–549.
Palmquist D L, Lock A L, Shingfield K J, Bauman DE (2005) Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants and human. Adv Nutr Res 50: 179-214.
Papadopoulos G, Goulas C, Apostolaki E, Abril R (2002) Effects of dietary supplements of algae, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, on milk yield and the composition of milk products in dairy ewes. J Dairy Res 69:357-365.
Papaloukas L, Sinapis E, Arsenos G, Kyriakou G Basdagianni Z (2016) Effect of season on fatty acid and terpene profiles of milk from Greek sheep raised under a semi-extensive production system. J Dairy Res 83: 375–382.
ParizaM W, Ashoor SH, Chu FS, Lund DB (1979) Effect of temperature and time on mutagen formation in pan-fried hamburger. Cancer Lett 7: 63–69.
Prandini A, Conti F, Diaz DE, Piva G (2004) Levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in ewe milk and Pecorino cheese: Effect of season, feed and cheese aging. Progr Nutr 6(2): 115-121.
Rego OA, Rosa HJD, Regalo SM, Alves SP, Alfaia C, Prates J, Vouzela CM, Bessa RJB (2008) Seasonal changes of CLA isomers and other fatty acids of milk fat from grazing n dairy herds in the Azores. J Sci Food Agr 88(10): 1855-1859.
Salari F, Altomonte I, Ribeiro NL, Ribeiro MN, Bozzi R, Martini M (2016) Effects of season on the quality of Garfagnina goat milk. Ital J Anim Sci 15: 568-575.
Sampelayo MRS, Chilliard Y, Schmidely P, Boza J (2007) Influence of type of diet on the fat constituents ofgoat and sheep milk. Small Rumin Res 68: 42–63.
Sasanti B, Abel S, Muller CJC, Gelderblom WCA, Schmulian A (2015) Milk fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid content of Jersey and Fleckvieh x Jersey cows in a pasture-based feeding system S Afr J Anim Sci 45 (4): 411-418.
Signorelli F, Contarini G, Annicchiarico G, Napolitano F, Orrù L, Catillo G, Haenlein G, Moioli B (2008) ‘Breed differences in sheep milk fatty acid profiles: Opportunities for sustainable use of animal genetic resources’. Small Rumin Res 78 (1-3): 24-31.
Sinanoglou VJ, Koutsouli P, Fotakis C, Sotiropoulou G, Cavouras DBizelisI (2015) Assessment of lactation stage and breed effect on sheep milk fatty acid profile and lipid quality indices. Dairy Sci Technol 95: 509–531.
Skoufos I, Tzora A, Giannenas I, Karamoutsios A, Tsangaris G, Fthenakis G (2017) Milk quality characteristics of Boutsiko, Frisarta and Karagouniko sheep breeds reared in the mountainous and semimountainous areas of Western and Central Greece. Int J Dairy Technol 70:345-353.
Soják L, Blaško J, Kubinec R, Gorova R, Addova G, Ostrovský I, Margetín M. (2013) Variation among individuals, breeds, parities and milk fatty acid profile and milk yield of ewes grazed on pasture. Small Rumin Res 109(2-3): 173-181.
Toral PG, Hervas G, Carreno D, Belenguer A,Frutos P (2015) Comparison of milk fatty acid responses during fish oil- and trans-10 cis-12 18:2-induced milk fat depression in dairy ewes. Anim Feed Sci Technol 210: 66–73.
Tsiplakou E, Kotrotsios V, Hadjigeorgiou I, Zervas G (2010) Differences in sheep and goats milk fatty acid profile between conventional and organic farming systems. J Dairy Res 77:343–349.
Wenjie M, Wu JHY, Wang Q, Lemaitre RN, Mukamal KJ, Djoussé L, King IB, Song X, Biggs ML, Delaney JA, Kizer JR, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D (2015) Prospective association of fatty acids in the de novo lipogenesis pathway with risk of type 2 diabetes: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 101(1):153-163.
