Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance of Vibrio Species Isolated from Fish in Egypt

PDF
Published: Apr 11, 2023
Versions:
2023-04-11 (1)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.24078
Keywords:
β-lactam resistance genes Class 1 integron fish PCR Vibrio species
DEA Gobarah
Bacteriology, Kafr EL-Sheikh Regional Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Researches Center (ARC), Egypt.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6088-5475
SM Helmy
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
NB Mahfouz
Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Postal code: 33516, Egypt.
HA Fahmy
Biotechnology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
MAM Abou Zeid
Biotechnology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt.
EM Moustafa
Associate Professor of fish diseases and management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7788-8533
Abstract

Vibrio sp. are the most widely recognized and serious pathogen in fish and shellfish marine aquaculture around the world generated disease, not only to fish but also to human causing gastroenteritis. Vibriosis is a common disease caused by a number of Vibrio spp.; V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. vulnificus etc. Vibrio sp. are Gram negative, straight or curved short rods, non-sporulating, non-capsulated, arranged singly or in chains, motile, oxidase positive, catalase positive, citrate positive, string test positive, indol positive, urease negative, H2S negative. The current study was conducted to spot light on identification, molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio sp. isolated from fish in Egypt and to detect the presence of some of β- lactams resistance genes and class 1 integron. About 52 Vibrio isolates were isolated from 150 fish (75 Oreochromus niloticus, 50 Mugil cephalus, 25 Clarias gariepinus) in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate in Egypt. Twenty isolates of Vibrio species were tested against 11 antimicrobials for antimicrobial resistance. All the isolates were highly sensitive (100%) to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. V. alginolyticus showed high resistance to Ampicillin and intermediate resistance to streptomycin, cefotaxime and erythromycin. V. cholerae showed high resistance to Ampicillin and intermediate resistance to erythromycin. V. parahaemolyticus showed high resistance to gentamycin and intermediate resistance to Ampicillin. V. fluvialis showed high and intermediate resistance to Ampicillin. V. splendidus showed high resistance to Ampicillin and intermediate resistance to streptomycin and cefotaxime. Five isolates showing multidrug resistance were tested for blaTEM , blaCMY2 ,blaCTX genes and class 1 integron. The genes blaTEM was detected in 100% of the isolates, while blaCMY2 and blaCTX genes were detected in 0% of the isolates. Class 1 integron was detected with a percentage of (100%) in the 5 examined isolates. A class 1 integrons bearing streptomycin/ spectinomycin resistant gene cassette of aadA2 were discovered on V. parahaemolyticus isolate. As there is a little reports about antibiotic resistance in Vibrio, this study highlight on the incidence of some of β-lactams resistance genes and class 1 integrons in Vibrio species.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abd El-Kader M & Mousa-Balabel T (2017) Isolation and molecular characterization of some bacteria implicated in the seasonal summer mortalities of farm-raised Oreochromis niloticus at Kafr El-Sheikh and Dakahlia governorates. Alex J Vet Sci 53(2) :107-113.
Ahmed Sh M & Shoreit AM (2001) Bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia in Oreochromis niloticus at Aswan fish hatcheries. Assiut Vet Med J 45 (89): 190-206.
Alderman DJ & Hastings TS (1998) Antibiotic use in aquaculture: development of antibiotic resistance potential for consumer health risks. Int J Food Sci Technol 33:139-155.
Alonzo KHF, Cadiz RE, Traifalgar RFM & Corre VLJr (2017) Immune responses and susceptibil¬ity to Vibrio parahaemolyticus colonization of juvenile Penaeus vannamei at increased water temperature. Aquac Aquar Conserv Legis (Bioflux) 10(5): 1238-1247.
Ansari M & Raissy M (2010) In vitro susceptibility of commonly used antibiotics against Vibrio spp. isolated from Lobster (Panulirus homarus). African Journal of Microbiology Research 4: 2629-2631.
Archambault M, Petrov P, Hendriksen RS et al., (2006) Molecular characterization and occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance genes among Salmonella enterica serovar Corvallis from Thailand, Bulgaria, and Denmark. Microb Drug Resist 12(3):192-8.
Austin B & Austin DA (2012) Bacterial fish pathogens; diseases of farmed and wild fish. Springer, New York, London).
Austin B & Austin DA (1993) Bacteriological fish pathogens: Disease in farmed and wild fish, 2nd ed. Ellis Harwood, London. pp. 265-30.
Bani S, Mastromarino PN, Ceccarelli D et al., (2007) Molecular characterization of ICEVchVie0 and its disappearance in Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated in 2003 in Vietnam. FEMS Microbiol Lett 266: 42-48.
Bergey DH (1994) Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, ed. R. E. Buchaman & N. E. Gibbons. 9th ed. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins.
Cabello FC, Godfrey HP, Tomova A et al., (2013) Antimicrobial use in aquaculture re-examined: its relevance to antimicrobial resistance and to animal and human health. Environ Microbiol 15:1917-42.
Cabello FC (2006) Heavy use of prophylactic antibiotics in aquaculture: a growing problem for human and animal health and for the environment. Environ Microbiol 8: 1137-1144.
Canto de Sá LL, Lourenço da Fonseca E, Pellegrini M, Freitas F, Loureiro ECB & Vicente AP (2010) Occurrence and composition of class 1 and class 2 integrons in clinical and environmental O1 and non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae strains from the Brazilian Amazon. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 105(2): 229-232.
Ceccarelli D, Alam M, Huq A & Colwell RR (2016) Reduced Susceptibility to Extended-Spectrum β-Lactams in Vibrio cholerae Isolated in Bangladesh. Front Public Health 4:231.
CLSI (2010) Methods for Antimicrobial Dilution and Disk Susceptibility Testing of Infrequently Isolated or Fastidious Bacteria; Approved Guideline, 3rd Edn. Austin, TX.
Colom K, Pèrez J, Alonso R, et al., (2003) Simple and reliable multiplex PCR assay for detection of blaTEM, blaSHV and blaOXA-1 genes in Enterobacteriaceae. FEMS Microbiology Letters 223: 147-151.
Colwell, RR & Grimes DJ (1984) Vibrio diseases of marine fish populations, Helgolander Meeresunter Suchungen 37:265-287.
Cruickshank R, Duguid JP, Marmion BP & Swain RH (1975) Medical Microbiology. The practical of Microbiology. Chucohill Livingstone.6 12th edition. (11), Edinburgh, London and New York.
Dalsgaard A, Forslund A, Serichantalergs O et al., (2000) Distribution and Content of Class 1 Integrons in Different Vibrio cholerae O-Serotype Strains Isolated in Thailand. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 44(5):1315-1321.
Deng Y, Bao X, Ji L et al., (2015) Resistance integrons: class 1, 2 and 3 integrons. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 14:45.
Drais AA, Ahmad A, Alwan, MG et al., (2018) Antimicrobial resistance and Plasmid profile of Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from Malaysian seawater. Int J Chem Tech Res 11(10): 375-383.
Eissa AE (2016) Clinical and Laboratory Manual of Fish diseases. Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany.
El-Gamal AM, El-Gohary MS, Gaafar AY (2018) Detection and Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Causing Skin Ulceration in Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. Int J Zool Res 14: 14-20.
Faja OM, Abd Sharad A, Younis KM, et al., (2019) Isolation, detection of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, plasmid profile, and molecular typing among Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated in Malaysian seawater from recreational beaches and fish. Vet World 12(7): 1140-1149.
Flach CF, Johnning A, Nilsson I, et al., (2015) Isolation of novel IncA/C and IncN fluoroquinolone resistance plasmids from an antibiotic-polluted lake. J Antimicrob Chemother 70: 2709-2717.
Gonzalez-Plazaa JJ, Blaub K, Milakovića M, et al., (2019) Antibiotic-manufacturing sites are hot-spots for the release and spread of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in receiving aquatic environments. Environ Int 130: 104735.
Hamouda AH, Moustafa EM & Zayed MM (2019) Overview on the Most Prevailing Bacterial Diseases Infecting Oreochromis niloticus at Aswan Fish Hatchery, Egypt. Adv Ani Vet Sci 7(11): 950-961.
Hamouda AH & Moustafa EM (2020) Insight on Prevailing Bacterial Diseases Affecting Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at Aswan Fish Hatchery, Egypt. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 64(1):5-16.
Hardi EH, Nugroho RA, Saptiani G, Sarinah R, Agriandini M & Mawardi M (2018) Identification of potentially pathogenic bacteria from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and channel catfish (Clarias batrachus) culture in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19 (2): 480-488.
Ibrahim I, Abdullah M, Abdelrahman H & Abdelsalam A (2013) Necrotizing Klebsiella pneumonia. Chest 144: 216A-216A.
Jayasinghe C, Ahmed S & Kariyawasam M (2010) The Isolation and Identification of Vibrio Species in Marine Shrimps of Sri Lanka. J Food Agr 1: 36-44.
Jiang Y, Yao L, Li F, et al., (2014) Characterization of antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from cultured sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicas). Lett Appl Microb 59: 147-154.
Jun L & Woo NYS (2003) Pathogenicity of vibriosis in fish: An overview. J Ocean Uni China 2(2):117-128.
Kitiyodom S, Khemtong S, Wongtavatchai J, et al., (2010) Characterization of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp. isolated from farmed marine shrimps (Penaeus monodon). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 72(2): 219-227.
Kreig N & Holt J (1984) Bergey's Manual of systemic bacteriology Vol.1.William and Wilkins, Baltimore, M.D.21202, USA.
Li L & Zhao X (2018) Characterization of the resistance class 1 integrons in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk of lactating dairy cattle in Northwestern China. BMC Vet Res 14:59.
Li R, Lin D, Chen K, et al., (2015) First Detection of AmpC β-Lactamase blaCMY-2 on a Conjugative IncA/C Plasmid in a Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolate of Food Origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 59(7): 4106-4111.
MacFaddin JF (2000) Biochemical tests for identification medical bacteria. Warery Press Inc, Baltimore, Md. 21202 USA.
Madigan M & Martinko J (2005) Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 11th ed. Prentice Hall.
Mala W, Kaewkes W, Tattawasart U, et al., (2016) Sxt Element, Class 1 Integron And Multidrug-Resistance Genes Of Vibrio Cholerae Isolated From Clinical And Environmental Sources In Northeast Thailand. J Trop Med Public Health 47(5):957-966.
McVicar AH (1982) Ichthyophonus infections of fish. In: Roberts RJ (ed) Microbial diseases of fish. Academic Press. London 243-69.
Moriarty DJW (1997) The role of microorganisms in aquaculture ponds. Aquaculture 151: 333-349.
Nagpal ML, Fox KF & Fox A (1998) Utility of 16S–23S rRNA spacer region methodology: how similar are interspace regions within a genome and between strains for closely related organisms. J Microbiol Meth 33: 211-219.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards "NCCLS" (2001) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Supplement M100-S11. Villanova, PA, USA.
Noga EJ (2010) Fish Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment. 2nd Edition, Iwa State University, Press, Ames.
Pérez-Pérez FJ & Hanson ND (2002) Detection of Plasmid-Mediated AmpC ß-Lactamase Genes in Clinical Isolates by Using Multiplex PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2153-2162.
Rippey SR (1994) Infectious diseases associated with molluscan shellfish consumption. Clin Microbiol Rev 7: 419-425.
Rojas MVR, Matté MH, Dropa, M, et al., (2011) Characterization Of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Isolated From Oysters And Mussels In São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 53(4):201-205.
Rosser SJ & Young HK (1999) Identification and characterization of class 1 integrons in bacteria from an aquatic environment. J Antimicrob Chemoth 44: 11-18.
Silvester R, Pires J, Van Boeckel TP, et al., (2019) Occurrence of β-Lactam Resistance Genes and Plasmid-Mediated Resistance Among Vibrio Isolated from Southwest Coast of India. Microb Drug Resist 25(9):1306-1315.
Sørum H (2006) Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Fish Pathogens. Chapter 13. DOI: 10.1128/9781555817534.ch13.
Stratev D, Daskalov H & Vashin I (2015) Characterization and determination of antimicrobial resistance of haemolytic Aeromonas species isolated from common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Rev Med Vet 166 (1-2): 54-61.
Sow AG, Wane A, Diallo MH, Boye CS & Aïdara-Kane A (2007) Genotypic characterization of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enteritidis isolates in Dakar, Senegal. J Inf Develop Count 1(3): 284-288.
Taviani E, Ceccarelli D, Lazaro N, et al., (2008) Environmental Vibrio spp., isolated contain a polymorphic group of integrative conjugative elements and class1integrons. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 64:45-54.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2006) Antimicrobial Use in Aquaculture and Antimicrobial Resistance-Report of a Joint FAO/OIE/WHO Expert Consultation on Antimicrobial Use in Aquaculture and Antimicrobial Resistance, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 13-16 June 2006, WHO Document Production services, Geneva.