Hepatoprotective effect of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in laying hens

PDF
Published: Apr 18, 2023
Updated: 2023-04-18
Versions:
2023-04-18 (2)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28954
Keywords:
Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) Antioxidant Enzymes Fatty Liver Laying Hen Serum Lipid Profile
H Ürüşan
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-3049
Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of artichoke plant (Cynara scolymus) at different ratios (0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg) supplementation into high-energy laying hen diet on performance, egg quality parameters, serum lipid profile, some liver enzymes and liver fat ratio. In total, one hundred and twenty 70-week-old Lohman LSL laying hens were randomly assigned to five groups and each group consisted of six subgroups. The control group was fed the basal feed (2650 kcal/kg ME),  and the treatments groups were fed with high energy (2850 kcal/kg ME) including 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/kg artichoke, respectively. The feed and water were given to animals as ad-libitum during the experimental period. Experiment lasted for 8 weeks.

The supplementation of 10 g/kg artichoke to the diet improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and increased egg production. All additive artichoke diets showed the highest eggshell weight, shell breaking strength, shell thickness and yolk color. The addition of artichoke to the high energy diet reduced the serum triglyceride, LDL and VLDL concentration. The GSH, CAT and GPx values which are enzymatic antioxidants in serum were found to be highest in the HE+ artichoke 5 g/kg group. The liver fat content was dramatically lower in laying hens fed on HE+artichoke 10 g/kg diet (18.83 %) compared with those fed on the high energy diet (48.26 %).

As s result, dietary supplementation of artichoke could be used in the diets to improve the performance, shell weight, breaking strength, thickness of shell, egg yolk color and reduced to serum triglyceride, LDL and VLDL concentration, liver fat ratio and increased the serum antioxidants enzymes (GSH, CAT and GPx).

Article Details
  • Section
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdo MA, Radwan NL, Selim NA (2007) The effect of artichoke leaves meal on the utilization of dietary energy for broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci 12: 973-982.
Abdulkhaleq RH, Hussein RH, Alnahdi HS (2019) Artichoke leaves water extract attenuate oxidative stress and regulates lipid profile in rats fed high fat diet. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci 8: 138-145.
AOAC (Association of official analytical chemists) (2005) Official methods of analysis of AOAC international, 18th ed. AOAC Int.,Washington, DC.
Bayraktar B, Tekce E (2018) Investigation of the effect of some herbal extracts used in different ratios on serum iron level in experimentally heat stress created in broiler. J Tradit Med Complement 1 (2): 50-55. doi: https://doi.org/10.5336/jtracom.2018-61570
Bolukbasi SC, Urusan H, Erhan MK (2018) Effects of mentha pulegium extract and vitamin e supplementation on laying hens performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activity in serum. Fresenius Environ Bull 27 (12): 8014-8020.
Chen YC, Nakthong C, Chen TC (2005) Improvement of laying hen performance by dietary prebiotic chicory oligofructose and ınulin. Int J Poult Sci 4: 103-108. doi: 10.3923/ijps.2005.103.108
Crespo R, Shivaprasad HL (2003) Developmental, metabolic, and other noninfectious disorders, Disea Poult 1055-1102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119421481.ch30
Crow D (2005) Inulin -A comprehensive scientific review.
Duman F (2016) The effects of using of dried artichoke leaves on growth performance and some carcass parameters in japanese quails. Ordu University master's thesis 2016.
Fallah R, Kiani A, Azarfar A (2013) Effect of artichoke leaves meal and mentha extract (mentha piperita) on ımmune cells and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. Global Vet 10: 99-102. doi: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.10.1.71206
Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GHS (1957) A simple method for the ısolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226: 497-509. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5
Garcia ERDM, Chaves NRB, Oliveira CALD, Kiefer C, Melo EPD (2019) Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed with mineral sources and rosemary oil. Academia Brasileira De Ciencias 91(2): 1678-2690.
Garcia FP, Adzet T, Caniqueral S (2000) Activity of artichoke leaf extract on reactive oxygen species in human leukocytes. Free Radical Res 33: 661-665. doi: 10.1080/10715760000301171
Gebhardt R (2002) Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cellsby artichoke extracts is reinforced by glucosidase pretreatment. Phytotherapy Res 16 (4): 368-372.
Goth L. A simple method for determination of serum catalase activity and revision of reference range. Clinica Chimica Acta 196: 143-151. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(91)90067-m.
Harms RH, Russell GB, Sloan DR (2000) Performance of four strains of commercial layers with major changes in dietary energy. J Appl Poult Res 9: 535-541. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/9.4.535
Jahanian R, Rahmani HR (2008) The effect of dietary fat level on the response of broiler chicks to betaine and choline supplements. J Bio Sci 8: 362-367. doi: 10.3923/jbs.2008.362.367
Joy JF, Haber SL (2007) Clinical uses of artichoke leaf extract. Am J Health Syst Pharm 64: 1906-1909. doi: 10.2146/ajhp070013
Kaur N, Gupta AK (2002) Applications of inulin and oligofructose in health and nutrition, J Biosci 27 (7): 703-714. doi: 10.1007/BF02708379.
Koubaa J, Damak M (1999) Constituents of Cynara cardunculus. Fitoterapia 70: 212-213. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00007-6
Kraft K (1997) Artichoke leaf extract–recent findings reflecting effects on lipid metabolism, liver, and gastrointestinal tracts. Phytomedicine 43: 69-78. doi: 10.1016/S0944-7113(97)80049-9
Lattanzio V, Kroon PA, Linsalata V, Cardinali A (2009) Globe artichoke: a functional food and source of nutraceutical ingredients. J Func Foods 1: 131-144.
Leeson S (2007) Metabolic challenges: past, present, and future. J Appl Poult Res 16: 121-125. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/16.1.121
Liu Y, Lin X, Zhou X, Wan D, Wang Z (2017) Effects of dynamic feeding low and high methionine diets on egg quality traits in laying hens. Poult Sci 96: 1459-1465. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew398
Louet JF, Lemay C, Mauvais-Jarvis F (2004) Antidiabetic actions of estrogen: insight from human and genetic mouse models. Current Atherosclerosis Reports 6: 180-185. doi: 10.1007/s11883-004-0030-9
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagents. J Biol Chem 193: 265-275. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6
Matkovics B, Laszio A, Varga SZI (1988) Changes and correlations of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and serum neutral lipids due to hemodialysis treatment in chronic uraemic patients. Int Urol Nephrol 20: 559-564. doi: 10.1007/BF02550619.
Matuschowsi JP (1996) Testing of Cynara scolymus in the ısolated perfused rat liver. 43rd Annual Congress Society for Medical Plant Research 10: 103-107.
Mirderikvandi M, Kiani A, Khaldari M, Alirezaei M (2016) Effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus l.) extract on antioxidant status in chicken thigh meat. Iran J Vet Medicine 10: 73-81.
Mohammadzadeh S, Brumandnia Z, Khaldari M (2014) Investigations on the effects of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) extract on 35 – 42 days blood lipid parameters of broiler chickens. Anim Res Int 11: 2091-2096.
Olarotimi OJ (2020) Serum electrolyte balance and antioxidant status of broiler chickens fed diets containing varied levels of monosodium glutamate (MSG). Bull Natl Res Cent 44: (1), 1-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-020-00360-6
Polin D, Wolford JH (1977) Role of estrogen as a cause of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. J Nutr 107 (5): 873-886. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/107.5.873
Radwan NL, Abdo ZMA, Hassan RA (2007). Effect of feeding artichoke leaves meal on productive and reproductive performance of mandarah hens. Int J Poult Sci 6 (11): 826-834.
Rozenboim I, Mahato J, Cohen NA, Tirosh O (2016) Low protein and high-energy diet: a possible natural cause of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in caged white leghorn laying hens. Poult Sci 95: 612-621. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev367
Salem MB, Kolsi RB, Dhouib R, Ksouda K, Charfi S (2017) Protective effects of Cynara scolymus leaves extract on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in alloxan-diabetic rats. BMC Complement Altern Medicine 17 (1): 328. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1835-8
Spss 23.0 Package Software
Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li Y (1988) A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem 34: 497-500. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/CLINCHEM%2F34.3.497
Tajodini M, Samadi F, Hasani S, Hashemi SR, Samadi S (2015) Influence of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf powder on growth performance, carcass traits and blood parameters in broiler chickens. Iran J Appl Anim 5 (1): 141-146.
Temple NJ (2000) Antioxidants and disease: more questions than answers. Nut Res 2: 449-459. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(00)00138-x
Tietze F (1969) Enzymic method for the quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione: applications to mammalian blood and other tissues. Anal Biochem 27: 502-522. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(69)90064-5
Vedavanam K, Srijayanta S, O’Reilly J, Raman A, Wiseman H (1999) Antioxidant action and potential antidiabetic properties of an isoflavonoid-containing soyabean phytochemical extract (SPE). Phytotherapy Res 13: 601-608. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199911)13:7%3C601::aid-ptr550%3E3.0.co;2-o
Waldroup PW, Motl MA, Yan F, Fritts CA (2006) Effects of betaine and choline on response to methionine supplementation to broiler diets formulated to ındustry standards. J Appl Poult Res 15: 58-71. doi: 10.1093/japr/15.1.58
Westendarp H (2005) Essential oils for the nutrition of poultry, swine and ruminants. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrifte 112: 375-380.
Yıldız G, Sacakli P, Gungor T (2006) The effect of dietary jerusalem artichoke (helianthus tuberosus l.) on performance, egg quality characteristics and egg cholesterol content in laying hens. Czech J Anim Sci 51: 349-354. doi: https://doi.org/10.17221/3950-CJAS
Yıldız G, Sacakli P, Gungor T, Uysal H (2008) The effect of jerusalem artichoke (helianthus tuberasus l.) on blood parameters, liver enzymes and ıntestinal ph in laying hen. J Anim Vet Adv 7: 1297-1300. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/4071
Yoshoiko T, Kawada K, Shimada T (1979) Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism against activated-oxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet 135: 372-376. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90708-7.
Yousefi M, Shivazad M, Sohrabi-Hagddoost I (2005) Effect of dietary factors on induction of fatty liver-hemorrhagic syndrome and its diagnosis methods with use of serum and liver parameters in laying hens. Int J Poult Sci 4: 568-572. doi: 10.3923/ijps.2005.568.572
Zhai QH, Dong XF, Tong JM, Guo YM, Bao YE (2013) Long-term effects of choline on productive performance and egg quality of brown-egg laying hens. Poult Sci 92: 1824-1829. doi: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02854
Zhang J, Chen D, Yu B (2008) Effect of different dietary energy sources on ınduction of fatty liver-hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens. Int J Poult Sci 7: 1232-1236. doi: 10.3923/ijps.2008.1232.1236
Zhuang Y, Xing C, Cao H, Zhang C, Luo J (2019) Insulin resistance and metabonomics analysis of fatty liver haemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens induced by a highenergy low-protein diet. Sci Reports 9: 10141 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46183-y
Ziae SA, Dastpak A, Naghdiabadi H, Porhoseini L, Hematimoghadam A (2004) Overview on the artichoke plant. Herb Quarterly 4: 2-10.