Epidemiology, burden and seasonal variation of fasciolosis determined through faecal examination and excretory/secretory antigens based ELISA

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.29394
Keywords:
Coprology ELISA Excretory/secretory antigens EPG Fasciolosis
HM RIZWAN
Section of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
MS SAJID
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan One health Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
H ABBAS
Section of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
MN KHAN
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Q AKRAM
Section of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, KBCMA College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Sub Campus UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
A SHAMIM
Department of Pathobiology, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir
Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate predominance and the related risk factors of sheep fasciolosis in Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan. In addition, comparison of the coprological examinationand excretory/secretory antigens (ES Ag)-based ELISA was also performed to determine the variation in the prevalence of fasciolosis. Ofthe1200 faecal and blood samples,128 (10.67%) and 241 (20.08%) samples were found positive for Fasciola infection and anti-Fasciola antibodies respectively.The prevalence of fasciolosis was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in female and adultanimals. Most of the animals showed moderate (55.47%) infection which was significantly higher than mild (28.91%) and severe (15.63%) infections. The highest prevalence of fasciolosis was determined in December (26.00% through faecal examination; 42.00% through ELISA) with a mean EPG of 842.3 while lowest in May (02.00% through faecal examination; 07.00% through ELISA) with a mean EPG of 650. The frequency distribution of fasciolosis was significantly (P < 0.05) highest in the winter (faecal examination 20.67%; ELISA 34.67%) followed in order by the monsoon (faecal examination 09.00%; ELISA 18.67%), spring (faecal examination 08.33%; ELISA 17.33%) and summer (faecal examination 04.67%; ELISA 09.67%). The highest mean EPG of fasciolosis was determined in the spring (894) followed in order by the winter (851.67), summer (654.67) and monsoon (616.33). Although the faecal examination is the gold standard and the “best method” in the diagnosis of sheep fasciolosis; however, the serological tests should not be excluded especially the home-made ES Ag-based ELISA which might be preferred and more affordable risk assessment tool in the field epidemiology.

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