Abnormal twinning in goat: a review

PDF
Published: Jan 18, 2024
Updated: 2024-01-18
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.35100
Keywords:
conjoined twins teratology double monsters caprine congenital malformations
A Pourlis
Laboratory of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Thessaly, Greece
G Papakonstantinou
Clinic of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Thessaly, Greece
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-0877
V Papatsiros
Clinic of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Thessaly, Greece
Abstract

A survey of congenital malformations relating to abnormal caprine twins was carried out. According to the degree, sites, and angle of fusion, they have various external variations and are classified as free asymmetric, conjoined symmetric or asymmetric twins (heteropagus or parasitic twins). The aim was to describe and summarize these defects. Among the recorded abnormal twining in goats, several common defects relate to thoraco-omphalopagus. A series of dicephali and diprosopus monsters have also been registered. At last, cases of free asymmetrical twins have been reviewed. There is also a report of a case of unequal conjoined–parasitic twins. The pathogenetic mechanisms of this condition, frequently reported in veterinary practice, are discussed. However, the etiopathogenesis of imperfect twins remains puzzling. The importance of embryonic duplications is commonly associated with dystocia. The manuscript finally introduces a framework of an essential national registry for the malformed companion animals.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Review Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Ahmad I, Chafe U, Umar A, Salisu M (2019) Conjoined Twins in Red
Sokoto Goat. J Hellenic Vet Med Soc70(4):1919-1924.
Ahmed A, Jena B, Mishra GK, Tiwari RP (2015) A rare case of congenital
dicephalic iniodymus defect in nondescript caprine neonate. J Livest
Sci 6:10-12.
Anwar MT, Khan AI, Balasubramanian S, Jayaprakash R, Kannan TA,
Manokaran S, Asokan SA, Veerapandian C (2009) A rare case of globosus amorphus in a goat. Can Vet J 50:854-856.
Arndt HJ (1925) Cephalothorakopagus monosymmetros monoprosopus
von der Ziege. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med 255:1-
Arthur GH (1959) Co-joined twins-the veterinary aspect. Vet Rec 68:389-
Balasubramanian S, Sathiamoorthy T, Ganesh R (2015) A Rare Case of
Holocardius Acephalus Fetal Monster in a Non -Descriptive Goat.
Indian Vet J 92(2):50 - 51.
Basrur PK (1993) Congenital abnormalities of the goat. Vet Clin North
Am Food Anim 9:183-202.
Binanti D, Riccaboni P (2012) Thoraco-Omphalopagus Conjoined Twins
in Chamois- Coloured Domestic Goat Kids. Anat Histol Embryol
:159-162.
Boer LL, Schepens-Franke AN, Jan Oostra R (2019) Two is a crowd:
On the enigmatic etiopathogenesis of conjoined twinning. Clin
Anat32:722-741.
Buhari S, Yakubu AS, Jibril A, Adeyanju JB, Chafe UM (2008) Monocephalus, thoracopagus and dipygus twins in Sokoto Red goat. Sokoto J Vet Sci 7(1):23-24.
Carles D, Wiechhold W, Alberti E, Leger F, Pigeau F, Horovitz J (1995)
Diprosopia revisited in light of the recognized role of neural crest
cells in facial development. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 15(2):90-97.
Corbera J A, Arencibia A, Morales I, Gutierrez C (2005) Congenital Duplication of the Caudal Region (Monocephalus Dipygus) in a Kid
Goat. Anat Histol Embryol 34:61-63.
Dinesh M, Kalaiselvan E, Manikandan R (2020) A rare case of Holocardius acephalus monster with fetal anasarca in a non-descriptive goat
kid. Pharma Innov 9(11):01-04.
Elnady F, Sora MC (2009) Anatomical exploration of a dicephalous goat
kid using sheet plastination (E12). Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 49:66-70.
Farjani KG, Mohammadi H (2014) Congenital defect (Dicephalus) in a
newborn goat: case report with literature review. Comp Clin Path
:233-236.
Favaretto L, Nascimento EM, Kirnew MD, Nagashima JC, Astrauskas JP,
Filadelpho AL, Birck AJ, Peres JA, Barcelos RP (2011) Dicefalia in
goats -Case Report .Rev Electron de Vet 9:11.
Hiraga T, Dennis SM (1993) Congenital duplication. Vet Clin North Am
Food Anim 9:145- 161.
International Committee on Veterinary Embryological Nomenclature
(ICVEN) (2017) Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria. 2nd ed, Ghent,
Belgium.
Kavitha K, Monica G, Sarath T, Kannan TA, Joseph C, Arunmozhi N,
Balasubramanian S (2018) Dystocia due to Diprosopus Parapagus fetus and its Successful Delivery through C- Section in a Non-Descript
Goat. Theriogenology Insight 8(3):149-153.
Macrì F, Lanteri G, Ferraro S, Marino G, Mazzullo G (2013) Acardius
acephalus in a goat kid - radiological and gross findings: a case report.
Vet Med (Praha) 58(11):591-593.
Mitra M, Basak DN, Chakrabarti A (1994) Monocephalus thoracopagus
tetrapus tetrabrachius monster in a Black Bengal goat. Indian Vet J
:177-178.
Mukaratirwa S, Sayi ST (2006) Partial facial duplication (diprosopus) in a
goat kid. J S Afr Vet Assoc 77(1):42-44.
Najume NGI, Shehu NAS, Celestine ON (1990) Monocephalus dipygus
twins in Sokoto Red goat. Zariya Veterinarian 5(2):107-109.
Napolitani FD, Schreiber L (1960) The acardiac moster: a review of the
word literature and presentation of two cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol
:582-589.
Otiang’A-Owiti GE, Oduor-Okelo D, Kamau GK, Makori N, Hemdrickx
AG (1997) Morphology of a six-legged goat with duplication of the
intestinal, lower urinary, and genital tracts. Anat Rec 247:432-438.
Pal M, Verma JD (1981) A unique case of monstrosity in a goat. Indian
Vet J 58:224.
Palanisamy M, Manokaran S, Raja S, Prabaharan V, Rajkumar R, Jayaganthan P, Arulkumar T, Sasikala M (2018) Dystocia Due to Holocardius Acephalus Fetal Monster in a Goat - A Case Report. Indian
Vet J 95(6):61-62.
Pandit RK, Pandey SK, Aggarwal RG, (1994) A case of dystocia due to
diplopagus monster in goat. Indian J Anim Reprod 15(1):82.
Ramadan RO (1996) A dicephalic goat with other defects J Vet Med A
:337-343.
Schmincke A (1921) Vergleichende untersuchungen über die anlage des
skelettsystems in tierischen mißbildungen mit einem beitrag zur makro- und mikroskopischen anatomie derselben. Virchows Arch Pathol
Anat Physiol Klin Med 230:564-607.
Shojaei B, Mohebbi E, Hashemnia S (2012). Caudal duplication (monocephalus tripus dibrachius) in a kid goat. Eur J Anat 16 (3):206-211.
Shojaei B, Nadimi N, Esmaeilzade S (2015) Monocephalus thoracopagus
conjoined twins in a goat. Iran J Vet Sci Technol 7(1):56-62.
Sonfada ML, Sivachelvan MN, Haruna Y, Wiam IM, Yahaya A (2010)
Incidence of Congenital Malformations in Ruminants in the North
Eastern Region of Nigeria. Int J of Anim Vet Adv 2(1):1-4.
Sönmez G, Özbilgin S, Serbest A, Misirlioğlu, D (1992) Bir Oğlakta Diprosopus olgusu. J Res Vet Med 11:93-98.
Spencer R (2000a) Theoretical and analytical embryology of conjoined
twins. I. Embryogenesis. Clin Anat 13:36 -53.
Spencer R (2000b) Theoretical and analytical embryology of conjoined
twins. II. Adjustments to union. Clin Anat 13:97-120.
Spencer R (2001) Parasitic Conjoined Twins: External, Internal (Fetuses
In Fetu and Teratomas), and Detached (Acardiacs). Clin Anat 14:428-
Thirunavukkarasu M, Pavithra S, Vigneshwaran S, Shanmuganathan S
(2019) An acephalus monster in a kid: A case report. Pharma Innov
(6):04-05
Most read articles by the same author(s)