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The COVID-19 pandemic and the incidence of acute coronary syndromes at General Hospital of Veroia


Published: Jan 9, 2024
Keywords:
acute coronary syndromes, cardiac catheterizations, COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations.
Evangelos Sdogkos
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-797X
Pavlos Roditis
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-1370
Antonios Papadopoulos
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8034-879X
Anila Spahiu
Andreas Aidinis
Maria Pliatsika
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9063-7432
Ioannis Vogiatzis
Abstract

Background: Although deaths from Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) are the most prevalent globally, during the outbreak of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, there was a declining trend in hospital admissions for ACS patients. Inevitably a reduction of invasive procedures in cardiac catheterization laboratories was observed. Moreover, an increase in sudden out-of-hospital cardiac deaths was recorded. On the other hand, patients that eventually treated in the hospital had a much worse outcome in terms of cardiac function. Inadequate treatment of acute myocardial infarction resulted in a further increase in mortality due to coronary artery disease.


The aim of our study was the comparison of admissions of the patients with ACS before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Methods: A retrospective single center study was conducted. We recorded all admissions with ACS underwent  invasive interventions during the period of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic, in Greece, from 16 March 2020 to 1 May 2020 (study period A), as well as in the period of gradual withdraw of restrictions from 2 May 2020 to 1 June 2020 (study period B),. The data were compared with those of the periods of 2019 (control period A and B).


Results: One hundred thirty eight patients were the group of study period and 158 were the group of the control period. The reduction rate was 12.7% in study period. The largest decrease in admissions concerned with elderly patients over 75 years old, as well as females (by 52% - 53% respectively). The severity of the restrictions but also the fear of the spread of the coronavirus may be relevant to the insufficient seek of help for these groups of patients.


Conclusion: Our study showed that during the pandemic period, the invasive interventions were fewer than those of 2019. However, the expected reduction of catheterizations during this two and a half months period was mitigated by the increase of inter-hospital transfers of patients with ACS from neighboring hospitals, without a catheterization laboratory.

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