Ζητήματα Βιοηθικής της Βιοαστροναυτικής

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Publiée : Mar 19, 2020
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12681/bioeth.22616
George Profitiliotis (Γεώργιος Προφητηλιώτης)
PhD Candidate, Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9, Iroon Polytechneiou St., Zographou Campus, 15773, Athens, Greece
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4636-354X
Résumé
Η εμφάνιση αναδυόμενων πρωτοβουλιών στον τομέα του διαστήματος -και δη ιδιωτικών- έχει αρχίσει να επεκτείνει τα όρια της διαστημικής βιομηχανίας, χάρη σε τεχνολογικές καινοτομίες που σύντομα θα μπορούν να διευκολύνουν σημαντικά την ανάπτυξη πρωτοποριακών τομέων που είχαν παραμεληθεί στο παρελθόν, όπως είναι, για παράδειγμα, η επιστημονική έρευνα στο διάστημα, η εξερεύνηση του διαστήματος, η αξιοποίηση των πόρων του διαστήματος και η ανθρώπινη παρουσία στο διάστημα. Η αναζωογόνηση και η επερχόμενη ανάπτυξη αυτής της νέας διαστημικής οικονομίας στους πρωτοποριακούς τομείς που προαναφέρθηκαν αναμένεται να φέρουν στο προσκήνιο σημαντικά ζητήματα βιοηθικής. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρατεθούν συγκεντρωτικά τα κυριότερα εξ αυτών, μετά από την ανασκόπηση πλήθους σχετικών επιστημονικών δημοσιεύσεων της διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, θα παρουσιαστούν βιοηθικά ζητήματα σχετικά με τον τομέα της βιοαστροναυτικής -και δη υπό το πρίσμα των μελλοντικών αποστολών στον Άρη-, τα οποία θα αναφέρονται τόσο στη γήινη ζωή, δηλαδή στους μικροοργανισμούς, στα φυτά, στα ζώα και στον άνθρωπο, όσο και στην πιθανή εξωγήινη ζωή. Δεδομένων των επιταχυνόμενων εξελίξεων, η καταλληλότερη στιγμή να συζητηθούν αυτά τα ζητήματα για να πληροφορήσουν τη χάραξη των σχετικών πολιτικών είναι τώρα.
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