Βιοηθικά ζητήματα της χρήσης πτωματικών βιολογικών υλικών στην εκπαίδευση και στην έρευνα

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Pubblicato: Μαρ 19, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/bioeth.22617
Konstantinos Katsos (Κωνσταντίνος Κάτσος)
Forensic Pathologist, Ph.D.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1378-6957
Konstantinos Moraitis (Κωνσταντίνος Μωραΐτης)
Associate Professor in Forensic Anthropology at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Chara Spiliopoulou (Χαρά Σπηλιοπούλου)
Professor of Forensic Medicine and Head of the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-2575
Abstract
Τίθεται ποτέ ζήτημα κυριότητας σε μία σορό; Εάν ναι, σε ποιον ανήκει αυτή; Εάν όχι, υπάρχουν όρια στη «χρήση-εκμετάλλευση» του ανθρώπινου σώματος; Το παρόν άρθρο πραγματεύεται τα ηθικά ζητήματα που ανακύπτουν στην εκπαίδευση και στην έρευνα με πτωματικά βιολογικά υλικά, με παράλληλη ανασκόπηση της διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας. Υπό τη σκιά διαφόρων σκανδάλων που αφορούσαν στη διατήρηση πτωματικών ιστών και οργάνων και στη χρησιμοποίησή τους στην εκπαίδευση και στην έρευνα, το 2006 αναθεωρήθηκε στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο το νομικό πλαίσιο, σύμφωνα με το οποίο ρυθμίζονται τα ζητήματα διαχείρισης μίας σορού. Ανάλογες νομοθετικές πράξεις υφίστανται και σε πολλές άλλες χώρες. Στην Ελλάδα, το ισχύον νομικό καθεστώς ρυθμίζει μονάχα τη χρήση βιολογικών υλικών με σκοπό τη μεταμόσχευση, αφήνοντας ένα «κενό» στα ζητήματα της εκπαίδευσης και της έρευνας. Η σύγχρονη Ελλάδα οφείλει να αφήσει πίσω τον πατερναλισμό του παρελθόντος και να ακολουθήσει τις αρχές της ενημέρωσης και της συναίνεσης.
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