Mystical Theology: Dionysius the Areopagite and his Relationship with Neoplatonism


Published: Mar 25, 2020
Keywords:
Dionysius the Areopagite; Mystical Theology; Neoplatonism; Apophaticism; Theosis; Byzantine Philosophy; Divine Darkness (Gnophos); Maximus the Confessor
Archontissa Kokotsaki
Abstract

This article examines the foundations of "mystical theology" in the Byzantine tradition, focusing on the influential works of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite and his intellectual debt to Neoplatonism. The author explores how Byzantine theologians adapted Neoplatonic theories to articulate a personal, mystical experience of the divine, moving beyond doctrinal disputes. The study highlights the "apophatic" method—knowing God through negation—where the seeker ascends beyond sensory and intellectual perceptions into a "divine darkness" (gnophos) where God dwells. By analyzing the relationship between the "unapproachable" essence of God and His "energies," the paper details the process of theosis (deification), wherein the human soul achieves union with God by grace rather than by essence.

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References
Dionysius the Areopagite. On Mystical Theology [Περί μυστικής Θεολογίας]. Athens: Armos Publications, 2002.
Tatakis, B. N. Byzantine Philosophy [Η Βυζαντινή Φιλοσοφία]. Athens: Society for the Study of Modern Greek Culture and General Education, 1977.