Approaches to evaluate spatial and temporal variability of deep marine sediment characteristics under the impact of dense water formation events

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Published: Sep 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.22581
Keywords:
Marine sediment organic matter trace metals spatial variability Mediterranean dense water formation.
XAVIER DURRIEU de MADRON
CEFREM, CNRS-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4543-6903
MARION STABHOLZ
CEFREM, CNRS-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-3202
LARS-ERIC HEIMBÜRGER-BOAVIDA
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0632-5183
DOMINIQUE AUBERT
CEFREM, CNRS-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
PHILIPPE KERHERVÉ
CEFREM, CNRS-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
WOLFGANG LUDWIG
CEFREM, CNRS-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
Abstract

Dense shelf water cascading and open-ocean convection frequently occur in the Gulf of Lions, Northwestern Mediterranean
Sea. These intense dense water formation events are capable of supplying large amounts of particulate matter as well as remobilizing
and dispersing local sediments and are therefore thought to leave an imprint on superficial deposits. Here, we compare the
spatial variability of the superficial sediment composition (grain size, organic parameters, and metals) at different scales (from
decimetric to kilometric) on the continental slope and rise with the temporal variability linked to the occurrence of intense dense
water formation events. The spatial and temporal variability of the geochemical composition of deep sediments was assessed
using multivariate and geostatistical analyses. The results indicate that in the outer reaches of Cap de Creus Canyon, where both
processes interact, no clear relation was found between the temporal variability of the superficial sediment and the deep-water
formation events, and that the small-scale spatial variability of the sediment masks the temporal variability. Measurements across
the southern slope indicate the presence of a somewhat distinct geochemical signature that likely results from the influence of
recurrent intense, dense water formation events as well as unabating bottom trawling activity.

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