Science, Gender and Atheism in the Greek Context

Abstract

This article explores the intersection of science, atheism and gender in Greek history from the interwar period to the period of the Μεταπολίτευση, or democratic transition (1936–1974). Engaging with science studies, gender studies and masculinity studies, it addresses the methodological and historiographical challenges of analysing gender in the absence of women from primary historical archives. By developing an interdisciplinary epistemological framework, the article explores how masculinity and gender power relations shaped and were shaped by the interactions between science,
atheism and Orthodox Christianity. The study is divided into two sections: the first outlines the theoretical and methodological foundations, while the second applies this framework to the Greek journal Πρωτοπόροι (1930–1931), offering new insights into the gendered dimensions of scientific and religious discourses. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the sociopolitical and epistemological structures that influenced the development of science in modern Greece