Δείκτης θρεπτικής κατάστασης γαλακτοπαραγωγών αγελάδων. Επίδραση στην αναπαραγωγή, την υγεία και τη γαλακτοπαραγωγή. Εφαρμογή στη διαχείριση βοοτροφικών επιχειρήσεων
Δημοσιευμένα:
Νοε 22, 2017
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Δείκτης Θρεπτικής Κατάστασης γαλακτοπαραγωγές αγελάδες διαχείριση
Περίληψη
Ο Δείκτης Θρεπτικής Κατάστασης (Δ.Θ.Κ.) αποτελεί μια υποκειμενική εκτίμηση της ποσότητας του υποδόριου λιπώδους ιστού των γαλακτοπαραγωγών αγελάδων και παρέχει πληροφορίες σχετικά με τα συνολικά ενεργειακά αποθέματατους. Συγκρινόμενη με άλλες μεθόδους εκτίμησης των ενεργειακών αποθεμάτων, είναι πιο γρήγορη και δεν απαιτεί εξειδικευμένοκαι ακριβό εξοπλισμό οΰτε και ειδική εκπαίδευση του προσωπικού. Συνεπώς, θεωρείται ευκολότερη η εφαρμογή της σε επίπεδοεκτροφής. Η εκτίμηση του Δ.Θ.Κ. γίνεται σε κλίμακα από το 1 έως το 5 (όπου το 1 αντιστοιχεί σε ζώο που βρίσκεται στο στάδιο της απισχνανσης και το 5 σε παχύσαρκο ζώο). Τα χαμηλά επίπεδα του Δ.Θ.Κ., αλλά και η μεγάλη μείωση τους κατά την ξηρά ή τη γαλακτική περίοδο έχει βρεθεί σε πολλές μελέτες να έχουν δυσμενή επίδραση στην αναπαραγωγική ικανότητα των αγελάδων.Τα υψηλά και χαμηλά επίπεδα του Δ.Θ.Κ., αλλά και οι μεγάλες μεταβολές του επιδρούν αρνητικά και στην υγεία των ζώων αυτών, ενώ σημαντική επίδραση έχουν και στη γαλακτοπαραγωγική τους ικανότητα. Η μέτρια-υψηλή κληρονομησιμότητα του Δ.Θ.Κ. και η σημαντική γενετική συσχέτιση του με την αναπαραγωγική ικανότητα καθιστούν δυνατή τη χρήση του από προγράμματα γενετικής βελτίωσης. Με βάση τις αναφορές σχετικά με τις επιδράσεις του Δ.Θ.Κ. και των μεταβολών του, προτείνονται σήμερα τα εξής όρια στα οποία θα πρέπει να κυμαίνεται ο Δ.Θ.Κ. στα διάφορα στάδια της παραγωγικής ζωής μιας αγελάδας. Ο Δ.Θ.Κ. στον τοκετό θα πρέπει να είναι 3 έως 3,25. Ο Δ.Θ.Κ. κατά την είσοδο των αγελάδων στην ξηρά περίοδο δεν θα πρέπει να είναι μεγαλύτερος του 3,25. Ο Δ.Θ.Κ. 60 με 80 ημέρες μετά τον τοκετό δεν θα πρέπει να είναι χαμηλότερος του 2,5. Έχονταςυπ' όψιν τα επιθυμητά όρια στα οποία θα πρέπει να κυμαίνεται ο Δ.Θ.Κ., οι τεχνικοί σύμβουλοι των αγελαδοτρόφων θα πρέπει να προτείνουν τις κατάλληλες διαχειριστικές παρεμβάσεις που θα βοηθήσουν στην επίτευξη αυτών των στόχων. Για να είναι αυτό δυνατό, θα πρέπει να καταγράφονται συστηματικά τα επίπεδα του Δ.Θ.Κ.. Προτείνεται η εκτίμηση του Δ.Θ.Κ. στον τοκετό, 30 ημέρες μετά από τον τοκετό, στην πρώτη τεχνητή σπερματέγχυση, στο μέσο περίπου της γαλακτικής περιόδου και στηνείσοδο στην ξηρά περίοδο.
Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
- Πώς να δημιουργήσετε Αναφορές
-
OIKONOMOU (Γ. ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΥ) G., BAZDAGIANNI (Ζ. ΜΠΑΣΔΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ) Z., & VALERGAKIS (Γ. Ε. ΒΑΛΕΡΓΑΚΗΣ) G. E. (2017). Δείκτης θρεπτικής κατάστασης γαλακτοπαραγωγών αγελάδων. Επίδραση στην αναπαραγωγή, την υγεία και τη γαλακτοπαραγωγή. Εφαρμογή στη διαχείριση βοοτροφικών επιχειρήσεων. Περιοδικό της Ελληνικής Κτηνιατρικής Εταιρείας, 59(4), 320–331. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14966
- Τεύχος
- Τόμ. 59 Αρ. 4 (2008)
- Ενότητα
- Review Articles
Οι συγγραφείς των άρθρων που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατηρούν τα δικαιώματα πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας επί των άρθρων τους, δίνοντας στο περιοδικό το δικαίωμα της πρώτης δημοσίευσης.
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Οι συγγραφείς μπορούν να καταθέσουν το άρθρο σε ιδρυματικό ή άλλο αποθετήριο ή/και να το δημοσιεύσουν σε άλλη έκδοση, με υποχρεωτική την αναφορά πρώτης δημοσίευσης στο J Hellenic Vet Med Soc
Οι συγγραφείς ενθαρρύνονται να καταθέσουν σε αποθετήριο ή να δημοσιεύσουν την εργασία τους στο διαδίκτυο πριν ή κατά τη διαδικασία υποβολής και αξιολόγησής της.
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
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