Effect of Cefazolin on endometrial cytology and reagent test strips parameters in bovine endometritis

PDF
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.25928
Keywords:
Polymorphonuclear cells Leukocyte esterase Conception rate Cows
Τ.Μ. BARAKAT
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
G. SHAWKY
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
G. ABSY
Department of Theriogenology,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
M. ABD EL-RAHMAN RAGAB
Veterinary Medicine Directorate, Zagazig, Egypt, Zagazig, Egypt
Abstract

Endometritis is one of uterine disorders in dairy cows causing low fertility. This study explored effects of intrauterine (IU) infusion of Cefazolin on endometrial cytology and reagent test strips parameters (leukocyte esterase [LE] and pH) in bovine subclinical endometritis. A total of 90 cows at 49-56 days in milk (DIM) diagnosed for subclinical endometritis were divided randomlyinto three groups, group I (n = 35), treated with IU infusion of 2 grams Cefazolin (Zinol ®, Pharco) diluted with 50 ml saline; group II (n = 28), treated with IU infusion of 2 gramsCephalexin (Ceporex®, GlaxoSmithKline) diluted with 50 ml saline; group III (n = 27), cows kept as untreated control. Cytological examination and reagent test strips were performed in uterine material derived with the cotton swab technique before treatment program and repeated two times later, in 10 days interval. The cows were artificially inseminated at first oestrous after the end of treatment program and conception rates were evaluated. After the end of treatment program, polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) decreased significantly (P <0.05) in Cefazolin and Cephalexin groups (3.23% and 4.39% respectively) compared tocontrol (24.89%) group, also means of LE in these groups became significantly (P<0.05) lower. The Ph value decreased after treatment, this reduction was significant after the first dose of Cefazolin, while in Cephalexin reduction of pH became significant after second dose. Cefazolin had conception rate (77.14%) significantly (P<0.05) higher than cephalexin and control groups (57.14% and 25.93% respectively). Cefazolin and Cephalexin decrease uterine PMN, LE concentration. The pH value after treatment by Cefazolin was lower than in Cephalexin. Moreover, treatment with Cefazolin resulted in a significantly higher conception rate. Thus, Cefazolin is recommended for the treatment of subclinical endometritis in dairy cows.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Ahmadi, MR., Nazifi, S, Ghaisari, HR (2005) The Effect of Intrauterine Cephapirin on Treatment of Endometritis in Commercial Dairy Cattle. Arch.Razi Ins 59: 35-45.
Barlund CS, Carruthers TD, Waldner, Palmer CW (2008)A comparison of diagnostic techniques for postpartum endometritis in dairy cattle. Theriogenology 69:714-23.
Brick TA (2011) Impact of Intrauterine Dextrose Therapy on Reproductive Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Diagnosed with Clinical Endometritis Following a Randomized Clinical Trial.M.V.Sc thesis, Ohio State University, USA.
Casarin, JBS, Martini AP, Trentin JM, Fiorenza M F, Pessoa G A, Barros S S, Rubin M I (2018) Bacteriological, cytological and histopathological evaluation of the reproductive tract of slaughtered cows. Pesq. Vet. Bras. 38:53-58.
Chaudhari RJ, Gulavane SU, Rangnekar MN, Gatne MM, Ingole SD, Jawale RS(2017) Effect of Endometritis Diagnosed by Cytology on Reproductive Parameter in Postpartum Crossbred Cows.Int.J.Curr. Microbiol.App.Sci 6(8): 2585- 2590.
Cheong SH, Nydam DV, Galvão KN, Crosier BM, Ricci A, Caixeta LS, Sper RB, Fraga M, Gilbert RO (2012) Use of reagent test strips for diagnosis of endometritis in dairy cows.Theriogenology 77: 858–864.
Constantin T, ParaschivI, Soare T, Istrate A, Militaru M, Bîrțoiu I A(2017) different diagnostic methods for uterin infecundity in dairy cows. AgroLife Scientific 6: 65 - 68.
Couto GB (2009) Comparison of a leukocyte esterase test with endometrial cytology for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis and correlation with first service pregnancy rate in postpartum holstein cows. M.V.Sc. thesis, Montreal University, Canada.
Couto GB, Vaillancourt DH, Lefebvre RC (2013) Comparison of a leukocyte esterase test with endometrial cytology for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 79:103–107.
Giuliodori MJ1, Magnasco RP, Becu-Villalobos D, Lacau-Mengido IM, Risco CA, de la Sota RL(2013) Clinical endometritis in an Argentinean herd of dairy cows: Risk factors and reproductive efficiency. J. Dairy Sci 96:210-218.
Hajibemani A, Mirzaei A, Sharifiyazdi H, Ghasrodashti AR(2016) Vaginal fornix discharge cellularity and its leukocyte esterase activity for diagnosis of endometritis in dairy cows. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ 42: 57-64.
Jeremejeva J, Orro T, Waldmann, Kask K(2012) Treatment of dairy cows with PGF2α or NSAID, in combination with antibiotics, in cases of postpartum uterine inflammation.Acta Vet Scand 54, 45.
Kasimanickam R, Duffield TF, Foster RA, Gartley CJ, Leslie KE, Walton JS, Johnson WH (2005) A comparison of the cytobrush and uterine lavage techniques to evaluate endometrial cytology in clinically normal postpartum dairy cows.Can Vet J 46:255–259.
Kasimanickam R, Duffield TF, Foster, Gartley CJ, Leslie KE, Walton JS, Johnson WH (2004) Endometrial cytology and ultrasonography for the detection of subclinical endometritis in postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology 62: 9–23.
Kumar A, Srivastava S, Yadav SK, Yadav AK , Saurabh , Chaudhary V (2017)Physico-Chemical Characterstics of Cervical Discharge in Endometritic Repeat Breeder Cow.Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 5 821-831.
Kumar M, Pant SS, Ram R, Kumar S , Gupta PK(2014) Therapeutic Efficacy of Levofloxacin along with Vitamin E for the Management of Repeat Breeding Syndrome in Cow under Field Condition. Inter J Vet Sci 3: 155-157.
Kumar P, Purohit GN, Mehta JS(2013) Diagnosis of endometritis in cows using metricheck, uterine cytology and ultrasonography and efficacy of different treatments.VetPract 14: 41- 354.
Lefebvre RC, Stock AE (2012) Therapeutic efficiency of antibiotics and prostaglandin F2α in postpartum dairy cows with clinical endometritis: an evidence-based evaluation. Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice, 28: 79-96.
Madoz LV, Giuliodori MJ, Migliorisi AL, JaureguiberryM,de la Sota RL(2014) Endometrial cytology, biopsy, and bacteriology for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in grazing dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 97: 195-201.
Moradi F, Shahrouzi JR (2020) Phase equilibrium and partitioning of cephalosporins (cephalexin, cefazolin, cefixime) in aqueous twophase systems based on carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose)/acetonitrile. Fluid Phase Equilibria. 1; 507:112388.
Palanisamy M, Napolean RE, Selvaraju M, Balasubramanian GA, Krishnakumar K , Manokaran S(2014)Nature of Genital Discharge and pH of Cervical Mucus and Uterine Flushing Before and After Treatment in Endometritis Affected Cows. Int. J. Livest. Res. 4:19-24.
Parikh SS, Savaliya BD, Makwana RB, Patbandha TK, Gajbhiye PU(2017)Therapeutic efficacy of various intrauterine drugs on repeat breeder gir cows, International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology 6: 2107- 2111.
Pothmann H, Prunner I, Wagener K, Jaureguiberry , de la Sota RL, Erber R, Drillich M (2015) The prevalence of subclinical endometritis and intrauterine infections in repeat breeder cows. Theriogenology, 83:1249-1253.
Resum NS, Singh H (2016) Efficacy of intrauterine infusion of different antimicrobial agents on conception rate of repeat breeder dairy cross bred cows. Indian J. Anim. Hlth. 5: 61-64.
Salah N,Yimer N, Wahid, Rosnina Y, Khumran A, Mahdi E, Baiee F (2017)Assessment of three different endometrial cytological sampling methods in postpartum beef cows. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 27: 1515-1521.
Schefers JM, Weigel K A, Rawson C L, Zwald NR, Cook NB(2010) Management practices associated with conception rate and service rate of lactating Holstein cows in large, commercial dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci 93:1459-1467.
Singh M, Sharma A, Kumar P, Bhardwaj N, Sharma A, Bala I (2018) studies on clinical efficacy of some therapeutic regimens for the management of endometritis in cows. ExplorAnim Med Res 8:110-112.
Tomar SS, Sudershan, Bharadwaz, Nema SP, Rajput N (2017) phytotherapy has potential equivalent to antibiotic therapy for clearing the endometritis in crossbred cattle. Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction 38:46-48.