Comparison of Lidocaine-Xylazine and Procaine-Xylazine for Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia in Cattle


Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Cow epidural anesthesia lidocaine procaine xylazine
R. SATO
E. KANAI
A. TSUKAMOTO
Περίληψη
NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Research Articles
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Day TK, Skarda RT (1991) The pharmacology of local anesthetics. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 7:489-500.
Eisenach JC, Decock M, Klim S (1996) Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists for regional anesthesia: a clinical review of clonidine. Anesthesiology 85:655-674.
Elmore RG (1980) Food-animal regional anesthesia. Bovine blocks: continuousepidural anesthesia. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 75:1017-1029.
Grubb TL, Riebold TW, Crismann RO, Lamb LD (2002) Comparison of lidocaine, xylazine, and lidocaine-xylazine for caudal epidural analgesia in cattle. Vet Anaesth Analg 29:64-68.
Hall LW, Clarke KW, Trim CM (2000) Anesthesia of cattle. In: Veterinary Anesthesia. 10th ed. W.B. Saunders, New York: pp 315-341.
Ismail ZB (2016) Epidural analgesia in cattle, buffalo, and camels. Vet World 9:1450-1455.
Kasaba T, Onizuka S, Takasaki M (2003) Procaine and mepivacaine have less toxicity in vitro than other clinically used local anesthetics. Anesth Analg 97:85-90.
Luttinger D, Ferrari R, Perrone MH (1985) Pharmacological analgesis of alpha-2 adrenergic mechanisms in nociception and ataxia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 232:883-889.
Mama K, Hendrickson DA, Baird AN (2013) Anesthesia and fluid therapy. Turner and McIlwraith’s techniques in large animal surgery. 4th ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York: pp 7-31.
McGrath C, Richey M (2003) Large animal anesthesia. In: Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Mosby, St. Louis: pp 387-412.
Natalini CC, Robinson EP (2000) Evaluation of the analgesic effects of epidurally administered morphine, alfentanil, butorphanol, tramadol, and U50488H in horses. Am J Vet Res 61:1579-1586.
Newton DJ, McLeod GA, Khan F, Belch JJ (2007) Mechanisms influencing the vasoactive effects of lidocaine in human skin. Anaesthesia 62:146-150.
Saifzadeh S, Pourjafar M, Naghadeh BD, Jalali FS (2007) Caudal extradural analgesia with lidocaine, xylazine, and a combination of lidocaine and xylazine in the Iranian river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 51:285-288.
Shekidef MH, Saleh SY (2011) Effect of epidural administration of ketamine/xylazine and ketamine/medetomidine combination in dromedary camels. J Camel Pract Res 18:319-329.
Skarda RT (1996) Local and regional anesthesia in ruminants and swine. Anesthesiology update. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 12:579-662.
Skarda RT, Tranquilli WJ (2007) Local and regional anesthetic and analgesictechniques: ruminants and swine. In: Lumb & Jones’ Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. 4th ed. Blackwell Publishing, Ames.: pp 643-680.
Trim CM (1981) Sedation and general anesthesia in ruminants. California Veterinarian 4:29-36.