Assessment of Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Turkey Between 2017-2019


Δημοσιευμένα: Jul 6, 2023
Εκδόσεις:
2023-07-06 (1)
T Bayir
İS Gürcan
Περίληψη

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease affecting small ruminants and causes significant agricultural damage. The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) has classified PPR as an animal disease that must be reported immediately. In this study was aimed to understand of spatial and seasonal epidemiology of PPR in Turkey and provide information by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Descriptive and analytical statistics were used in the study, logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the effect of season and species  factors  on PPR outbreaks occurring in Turkey. Data were obtained from the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) database of OIE. Between 2017-2019, 337 outbreaks, 18.467 cases and 11.526 deaths were reported 57 provinces of Turkey and the highest number of PPR outbreaks, cases and deaths were reported in The Central Anatolia Region. On time-wise examination, the PPR risk-areas revealed changes with different levels of endemicity. The Central Anatolia Region were the top outbreaks reported region during 2017-2018, whereas The Marmara Region reported more outbreaks during 2019. PPR outbreaks occurred throughout the year in all seasons, but were most frequently encountered during the winter season (December to February) and the results showed that seasonal and species factors are important in the spread of the disease. PPR has widely distributed throughout the country, and the epidemiological picture suggests that the disease has become an endemic infection in the country. The spatial and seasonal distribution of PPR in Turkey gives useful information on hotspot areas, allowing managers to make informed decisions about prevention and control in different parts of the country. In accordance with the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy, the study also outlines when and where extensive surveillance, vaccination, and biosecurity measures are required for the control and eradication of the disease in Turkey.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Research Articles
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Abubakar M, Irfan M, Manzoor S (2015) Peste des petits ruminants in
Pakistan; past, present and future perspectives. J Anim Sci Technol
:32.
Albayrak H, Alkan F (2009) PPR virus infection on sheep in blacksea
region of Turkey: Epidemiology and diagnosis by RT-PCR and virus
isolation. Vet Res Commun 33:241-249.
Alcigir G, Atalay VS, Toplu N (1996) Türkiye’de Kuzularda Peste Des
Petits Ruminants Virus Enfeksiyonunun Patomorfolojik ve İmmunohistolojik İlk Tanımı. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg 43:181-189.
Altan E, Parida S, Mahapatra M, Turan N, Yilmaz H (2019) Molecular
characterization of Peste des petits ruminants viruses in the Marmara
Region of Turkey. Transbound Emerg Dis 66:865-872.
Aylan O (2003) Veteriner Hekimlikte Veteriner Aşıları. Toplum ve Hekim
:395-397.
Balamurugan V, Hemadri D, Gajendragad MR, Singh RK, Rahman H
(2014) Diagnosis and control of peste des petits ruminants:A comprehensive review. Virusdisease 25:39-56.
Balamurugan V, Vinod Kumar K, Dheera R, Kurli R, Suresh KP, Govindaraj G, Shome BR, Roy P (2021) Temporal and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Outbreaks from the Past
Years in Sheep and Goats and Its Control in India. Viruses 13:480.
Chowdhury EH, Bhuiyan AR, Rahman MM, Siddique MSA, Islam MR
(2014) Natural Peste des Petits Ruminants virus infection in Black
Bengal goats: virological, pathological and immunohistochemical investigation. BMC Vet Res 10:263.
Dizman S, Mukhtarli O (2021) Tritium concentrations and consequent
doses in bottled natural and mineral waters sold in Turkey and Azerbaijan. Chemosphere 267:128721.
Fathelrahman EM, Reeves A, Mohamed MS, Ali YME, El Awad AI, Bensalah OK, Abdalla AA (2021) Epidemiology and Cost of Peste des
Petits Ruminants (PPR) Eradication in Small Ruminants in the United
Arab Emirates-Disease Spread and Control Strategies Simulations.
Animals 11:2649.
Fèvre EM, Bronsvoort BM, Hamilton KA, Cleaveland S (2006) Animal
movements and the spread of infectious diseases. Trends Microbiol
:125-131.
Gao S, Xu G, Zeng Z, Lv J, Huang L, Wang H, Wang X (2021) Transboundary spread of peste des petits ruminants virus in western China:
A prediction model. PLoS One 16:e0257898.
Gesler W (1986). The uses of spatial analysis in medical geography: A
review. Soc Sci Med 23:963-973.
Guler L, Şevik M, Hasöksüz M (2014) Phylogenetic analysis of peste des
petits ruminants virus from outbreaks in Turkey during 2008-2012.
Turkish Journal of Biology 38:671-678.
Iglesias I, Muñoz MJ, Montes F, Perez A, Gogin A, Kolbasov D, De la
Torre A (2016) Reproductive ratio for the local spread of African
swine fever in wild boars in the Russian Federation. Transbound
Emerg Dis 63:e237-e245.
Jones BA, Rich KM, Mariner JC, Anderson J, Jeggo M, Thevasagayam
S, Cai Y, Peters AR, Roeder P (2016) The economic impact of eradicating peste des petits ruminants: A benefit-cost analysis. PLoS ONE
:e0149982.
Khan HA, Siddique M, Abubakar M, Arshad MJ Hussain M (2008) Prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus infection in
small ruminants. Small Ruminant Research, 79:152-157.
Lefèvre PC, Diallo A (1990) Peste des petits ruminants. Rev Sci Tech
:935-981.
Ma J, Gao X, Liu B, Chen H, Xiao J, Wang H (2019) Peste des petits ruminants in China: Spatial risk analysis. Transbound Emerg Dis 66:1784-
Mahajan S, Agrawal R, Kumar M, Mohan A, Pande N (2012) Risk of
seroconversion to peste des petit ruminants (PPR) and its association
with species, sex, age and migration. Small Rumin Res 104:195-200.
Mahmoud AZ, Abdellatif M, Shazali L (2016) Prevalence of PPRvirus
antibodies in sheep, goats and camels in Hail, Saudi Arabia. British
Journal of Virology 3:86-89.
Mapaco L, Monjane L, Fafetine J, Arone D, Caron A, Chilundo A, Quembo C, Carrilho MDC, Nhabomba V, Zohari S, Achá S (2019) Peste
des Petits Ruminants Virus Surveillance in Domestic Small Ruminants, Mozambique (2015 and 2017). Front Vet Sci 6:370.
Mariner JC, Jones BA, Rich KM, Thevasagayam S, Anderson J, Jeggo M,
Cai Y, Peters AR, Roeder PL (2016) The Opportunity To Eradicate
Peste des Petits Ruminants. J Immunol 196:3499-3506.
Molla B, Delil F (2015) Mapping of major diseases and devising prevention and control regimen to common diseases in cattle and shoats in
Dassenech district of South Omo Zone, South-Western Ethiopia. Trop
Anim Health Prod 47:45-51.
Mondal SP, Yamage M (2014) A retrospective study on the epidemiology
of anthrax, foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia, peste des petits ruminants and rabies in Bangladesh, 2010-2012. PloS
ONE 9:e104435.
Niu B, Liang R, Zhang S, Sun X, Li F, Qiu S, Zhang H, Bao S, Zhong
J, Li X, Chen Q (2021) Spatiotemporal characteristics analysis and
potential distribution prediction of peste des petits ruminants (PPR)
in China from 2007-2018. Transbound Emerg Dis 1- 17.
Ozkul A, Akca Y, Alkan F, Barrett T, Karaoglu T, Dagalp SB, Anderson
J, Yesilbag K, Cokcaliskan C, Gencay A, Burgu I (2002) Prevalence,
distribution, and host range of Peste des petits ruminants virus, Turkey. Emerg Infect Dis 8:708-712.
Parida S, Muniraju M, Altan E, Baazizi R, Raj GD, Mahapatra M (2016).
Emergence of PPR and its threat to Europe Small Ruminant Research
:16-21.
Rony MS, Rahman AKMA, Alam MM, Dhand N, Ward MP (2017) Peste
des Petits Ruminants risk factors and space-time clusters in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Transbound Emerg Dis 64:2042-2048.
Saglam YS, Temur A (2009) Immunohistochemical detection of peste des
petits ruminants (PPR) viral antigen from the cases of naturally occurring pneumonia in sheep. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 15:423-428
Sarker S, Islam MH (2011) Prevalence and risk factor assessment of Peste des Petits Ruminants in goats in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Vet World
:546-549.
Singh RP, Saravanan P, Sreenivasa BP, Singh RK, Bandyopadhyay SK
(2004) Prevalence and distribution of peste des petits ruminants virus
infection in small ruminants in India. Rev Sci Tech 23:807-819.
Spiegel KA, Havas KA (2019) The socioeconomic factors surrounding the
initial emergence of peste des petits ruminants inKenya,Uganda, and
Tanzania from 2006 through 2008. Transbound Emerg Dis 66:627-
Tatar N, Alkan F (1999) Koyun ve keçilerde küçük ruminantların vebası
(peste des petits ruminants) ve sığır vebası enfeksiyonlarının serolojik
ve virolojik olarak araştırılması. Etlik Vet Mikrobiyol Derg 10:35-60.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (2015) http://www.fao.org/3/
a-i4460e.pdf [accessed 31 March 2021].
Turkish Statistical Institue (2021) http://www.tuik.gov.tr [accessed 31
March 2021].
Turkish State Meteorological Service (2020) https://www.mgm.gov.tr/
[accessed 25 March 2021].
Zhao H, Njeumi F, Parida S, Benfield CTO (2021) Progress towards eradication of peste des petits ruminants through vaccination. Viruses
:59.