Usability of Gazelle Form Beech Tree (Fagus Orientalis L.) leaves as an alternative roughage source in dairy cattle: using in vitro gas production method


Published: Jan 15, 2025
Keywords:
beech leaf alternative roughage in vitro gas production methane digestibility volatile fatty acids microbial protein
A (Adem) Kaya
A (Ali) Kaya
H Kaya
M Macit
V Palangi
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-2608
Abstract

An evaluation was conducted to determine whether beech tree leaves can be used as an alternative forage source for dairy cattle in TMR rations and their anti-methanogenic properties. The TMR rations were altered by substituting 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of gazelle form beech leaf for dry meadow grass. As a result, significant differences were found between experimental groups in terms of estimated parameters, total gas, dry matter, organic matter, NDF, ADF, protein digestion values, TUFA, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid values (P<0.05). As a result of substituting beech leaves for the entire dry meadow grass, in vitro TDMD, MPP, MPSE, TDD values improved and decreased propionic and butyric acid levels. Using beech leaves as a roughage source reduced in vitro methane production numerically. Therefore, it was concluded that tree leaves in the form of gazelle can be used as a source of roughage in dairy cattle TMR instead of the whole dry meadow grass, and further studies are needed to clarify this issue.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Research Articles
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
A.O.A.C. (1990). Official method of analysis. Association of Official Analytical
Chemists pp. 66-88. 15th. edition Washington, DC. USA.
Algan D, Aydın İ, Ocak N. (2018). Economic analysis of fertilization
based on the nutritional value of rangeland: A new opinion. Anadolu
J. Agr. Sci., 33: 246-253.
Bhatta, R., Shinde, A. K., Vaithiyanathan, S., Sankhyan, S. K., Verma, D.
L., (2002). Effect of polyethylene glycol-6000 on nutrient intake, digestion
and growth of kids browsing Prosopis cineraria. Animal Feed
Science and Technology, 101(1-4), 45-54.
Bıçakçı, E., Açıkbaş, S., (2018). Determination of roughage production
potential for farm animals in Bitlis province. BEU Journal of Science,
Blummel, M., Steingaβ, H., Becker, K., (1997). The relationship between
in vitro gas production, in vitro microbial biomass yield and 15N incorporation
and its implications for the prediction of voluntary feed
intake of roughages. British Journal of Nutrition, 77(6), 911-921.
Boga, M., Kurt, O., Ozkan, C. O., Atalay, A. İ., Kamalak, A., (2020).
Evaluation of some commercial dairy rations in terms of chemical
composition, methane production, net energy and organic matter digestibility.
Progress in Nutrition, 22(1), 199-203.
Canbolat, Ö., (2019). Yemlerin Bulundukları Yere Göre Örnek Alma ve
Yem Analizleri. Yem Analiz Yöntemleri ve Yem Değerlendirme, 1.
Bakı, Medyay Kitapevi. 2019.
Deuri, P., Sood, N., Wadhwa, M., Bakshi, M. P. S., & Salem, A. Z. M.
(2020). Screening of tree leaves for bioactive components and their
impact on in vitro fermentability and methane production from total
mixed ration. Agroforestry Systems, 94(4), 1455-1468.
El Shaer, H. M. (2020). Potential use of halophytes and salt-tolerant forages
as animal feed in the Arab Region: an overview. Handbook of
halophytes: from molecules to ecosystems towards biosaline agriculture,
-20.
Eslampeivand, A., Taghizadeh, A., Safamehr, A., Palangi, V., Paya, H.,
Shirmohammadi, S., ... & Abachi, S. (2022). Nutritive value assessment
of orange pulp ensiled with urea using gas production and nylon
bag techniques. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-9. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s13399-022-03053-4
Goel, G., Makkar H.P.S., Becker K., (2008). Effect of Sesbania sesban
and Carduus pycnocephalus leaves and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-
graecum L) seeds and their extract on partitioning of nutrients
from roughage-and concentrate-based feeds to methane. Anim Feed
Sci Technol, 147(1-3), 72-89.
Jones, W. T., Mangan, J. L., (1997). Complexes of the condensed tannins
of sainfoin with fraction 1 leaf protein and with sub maxillary mucoprotein
and the reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. Journal of the
Science Food and Agriculture, 28(2), 126-136.
Kamra, D. N., Agarwal, N., Chaudhary, L. C., (2006). “Inhibition of ruminal
methanogenesis by tropical plants containing secondary compounds”
International Congress Series, 1293,156- 163.
Kaya, A., Kaya, A., (2021). The effect of some vegetable oils added to
dairy calf rations on in vitro feed value and enteric methane production.
Journal of Agricultural Production, 2(1), 1-6.
Kılıç, Ü., Sarıçiçek, B.Z., (2006). In vitro gaz üretim tekniğinde sonuçları
etkileyen faktörler. Hayvansal Üretim, 47(2).
Ku-Vera, J. C., Jiménez-Ocampo, R., Valencia-Salazar, S. S., Montoya-
Flores, M. D., Molina-Botero, I. C., Arango, J., ... & Solorio-
Sánchez, F. J. (2020). Role of secondary plant metabolites on
enteric methane mitigation in ruminants. Frontiers in Veterinary Science,
, 584.
Leng, R. A., (1997). Tree foliage in ruminant nutrition: FAO Animal Production
and Health Papers 139. FAO, Rome, Italy ISBN 9251040869.
López, S., Makkar, H. P., Soliva, C. R., (2010). Screening plants and plant
products for methane inhibitors. In vitro screening of plant resources
for extra-nutritional attributes in ruminants: nuclear and related methodologies
(pp. 191-231). Springer, Dordrecht.
Markham, R., (1942). A steam distillation apparatus suitable for micro-
Kjeldahl analysis. Biochemical Journal, 36(10-12), 790.
Meale, S.J., Chaves, A.V., Baah, J., McAllister, T.A., (2012). Methane
production of different forages in in vitro ruminal fermentation.
Asian-Australasian Journal of animal sciences, 25(1), p.86.
Menke, K. H., Raab, L., Salewski, A., Steingass, H., Fritz, D., Schneider,
W., (1979). The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy
content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when
they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. The Journal of Agricultural
Science, 93(1), 217-222.
Menke, K.H., Steingass, H., (1988). Estimation of the energetic feed value
obtained from chemical analysis and in-vitro gas production using
rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development, 28: 7-55.
Mlambo, V., & Mapiye, C. (2015). Towards household food and nutrition
security in semi-arid areas: What role for condensed tannin-rich ruminant
feedstuffs?. Food Research International, 76, 953-961. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.011
Niderkorn, V., Barbier, E., Macheboeuf, D., Torrent, A., Mueller-Harvey,
I., & Hoste, H. (2020). In vitro rumen fermentation of diets with different
types of condensed tannins derived from sainfoin (Onobrychis
viciifolia Scop.) pellets and hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) pericarps.
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 259, 114357.
Olomonchi, E.A.O., Garipoğlu, A.V., Ocak, N.,Kamalak, A., (2022). Nutritional
values and in vitro fermentation parameters of some fodder
species found intwo rangeland areas in the Republic of Benin. Turkish
Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 46(1), pp.88-94.
Özdemir, Ö., Kaya, A. (2020). Determination of Feed Values of Some
Tree Leaves by in vitro Gas Production Technique. Yuzuncu Yıl University
Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 30(3), 454-461.
Özel, O., Sariçiçek, B., (2009). Ruminantlarda rumen mikroorganizmalarının
varlığı ve önemi (derleme). Tübav Bilim Dergisi, 2(3), 277-
Özkan, Ç. Ö., Cengiz, T., Yanık, M., Evlice, S., Selçuk, B., Ceren, B., Kamalak,
A.,(2020). Determination of In Vitro Gas Production, Methane
Production, Digestibility and Microbial Protein Production of Some
Forages and Concentrates Used in Ruminant Animal. Black Sea Journal
of Agriculture, 3(1), 56-60.
Palangi, V., & Lackner, M. (2022). Management of enteric methane emissions
in ruminants using feed additives: A review. Animals, 12(24),
Palangi, V., Macit, M., Nadaroglu, H., & Taghizadeh, A. (2022). Effects of
green-synthesized CuO and ZnO nanoparticles on ruminal mitigation
of methane emission to the enhancement of the cleaner environment.
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 1-9.
Papachristou, T. G., Nastis, A. S., (1996). Influence of deciduous broadleaved
woody species in goat nutrition during the dry season in northern
Greece. Small Ruminant Research, 20(1), 15-22.
Paterson, R. T., Karanja, G. M., Nyaata, O. Z., Kariuki, I. W., Roothaert,
R. L., (1998). A review of tree fodder production and utilization within
smallholder agroforestry systems in Kenya. Agroforestry systems,
(2), 181-199.
Raghuvansi, S. K. S., Prasad, R., Mishra, A. S., Chaturvedi, O. H., Tripathi,
M. K., Misra, A. K., Saraswat, B. L., Jakhmola, R. C., (2007).
“Effect of inclusion of tree leaves in feed on nutrient utilization and
rumen fermentation in sheep” Bioresource Technology, 98 (3): 511-
Seidavi, A., Tavakoli, M., Rasouli, B., Corazzin, M., & Salem, A. Z.
(2020). Application of some trees/shrubs in ruminant feeding: a review.
Agroforestry Systems, 94, 1353-1364.
Soliva, C. R., Zeleke, A. B., Clement, C., Hess, H. D., Fievez, V., Kreuzer,
M., (2008). In vitro screening of various tropical foliages, seed, fruits
and medicinal plants for low methane and high ammonia generating
potentials in the rumen. Animal Feed Science Technology, 147, 53-
SPSS, (1996). SPSS for windows release 10.0, SPSS Inc. Chicago.
Steinfeld, H., Gerber, P., Wassenaar, T. D., Castel, V., Rosales, M., Rosales,
M., de Haan, C., (2006). Livestock’s long shadow: environmental
issues and options. Food & Agriculture Org.
Tassone, S., Fortina, R. and Peiretti, P.G., (2020). In Vitro techniques using
the DaisyII incubator for the assessment of digestibility: A review.
Animals, 10(5), p.775.
Van Soest, P.J., (1994). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant, second ed.
Cornell University Press, Ithaca NY, USA.
Van Soest, P.J., Robertson J.B. and Lewis, A., 1991. Methods for dietary
fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation
to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci, 74, 3583-3597.
Wiedmeier, R.D., Arambell M.J.,Walters J.L., (1987). Effect of orally administered
pilocarpine on ruminal characteristics and nutrient digestibility
in cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 70: 284-289.
Wina, E., Muetzel, S., Becker, K. 2005. “The impact of saponins or saponin
containing plant materials on ruminant production A Review”,
Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 53,8093-8105.
Yavuz, T. , Kır, H. Gül, V., (2020). Evaluation of Roughage Production
Potential in Turkey: The Case of Kırşehir Province. Turkish Journal
of Agricultural Research. 7 (3), 345-352. https://doi.org/10.19159/
tutad.728119
Yusuf, A., Shehu, B., & Murtala, U. (2023). Role of Browse Tree Legumes
as Dietary Supplements for Ruminants: A Review. Nigerian
Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 6(2), 144-155.
Most read articles by the same author(s)