Effects of different heat processing methods of rapeseed on ruminal and post-ruminal nutrient disappearance

PDF (English)
Publicado: Νοε 9, 2022
Actualizado: 2022-11-09
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.27293
H Paya
1Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-9595
A Taghizadeh
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9120-1662
A Hosseinkhani
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-8404
H Mohammadzadeh
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5259-6430
H Janmohammadi
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2273-9995
G Moghaddam
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7580-4968
Resumen
Due to improving the nutritive value of oilseeds and changing their digestion site in ruminants, processing, including heat treatment, seems necessary. The present research was conducted to evaluate the effect of applying heat processing such as roasting, microwaving and autoclaving on nutritive values; the amount and rate of degradability in rumen, and the disappearance of rapeseed nutrients in rumen, post-rumen and total tract. This evaluation was performed using mobile nylon bags techniques; three-step method of digestion and protein CNCPS fraction. A completely randomized design was used to investigate the effect of applying heat processing, and SAS software was used to analyze the data. The field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope was used to monitored the effect of heat treatment on surface of rapeseed. The application of heat processing in this research (roasting, microwaving and autoclaving) had no significant effect on the chemical composition of rapeseed. The results obtained from mobile nylon bags method and three-step digestion method showed that raw rapeseed has the highest disappearance of DM and CP in rumen and therefore has a significant difference with processed seeds (P<0.05). Also, the disappearance of DM and CP of processed rapeseed in intestines was significantly higher than raw seed (P<0.05), and this was higher than other processing for autoclaved rapeseed. According to the results obtained from CNCPS protein fractionation, applying heat processing altering protein fractionation (P<0.05). Applying microwave processing has created cracks in the surface of the rapeseed wall, and this condition was not observed in the wall surface of other heated seeds. In general, it can be said that in addition to increasing the digestibility of rapeseed in the entire gastrointestinal tract, applying heat processing reduces its degradability in the rumen and has increased the disappearance of nutrients in the intestine, that it can be stated the digestion site is altered from rumen to intestine, which can prevent the loss of protein sources in ruminant feed.
Article Details
  • Sección
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Descargas
Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
Citas
AOAC (2005) Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official method of analysis.18th ed., Washington, DC, USA.
Calsamiglia S, Stern MD (1995) A three-step in vitro procedure for estimating intestinal digestion of protein in ruminants. J Anim Sci 7: 1459-65.
DeBoer G, Murphy JJ, Kennelly JJ (1987) Mobile nylon bag for estimating intestinal availability of rumen undegradable protein. J Dairy sci 70: 977-982.
Fathi-Nasiri MH, France J, Danesh Mesgaran M, Kebreab E (2008) Effect of heat processing on ruminal degradability and intestinal disappearance of nitrogen and amino acids in Iranian whole soybean. Livestock Sci 113: 43-51.
Grummer RR, Clark JH (1980) Effect of nitrogen solubility on milk yield, milk composition and ruminal degradation of protein. J Dairy Sci 63 (Suppl. 1), 139. (Abstr.).
Lanzas C, Fox DG, Pell AN (2006) Digestion kinetics of dried cereal grain. Anim Feed Sci and Technol 136: 265-280.
Lashkari S, Azizi O, Jahani-Azizabadi H (2015) Effects of different processing methods of flaxseed on ruminal degradability and in vitro post-ruminal nutrient disappearance. Archive Anim Nut 69: 177–186.
Licitra G, Hernandez TM, Van Sosest PJ (1996) Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feed. J Anim Feed Sci and Technol 57: 347-358.
Mirzaii-Alamoti HR, Amanloo H, Nikkhah A (2005) Protein and Carbohydrate Fractions of Common Feedstuffs in the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. Iranian J Agri Sci 36: 409-414.
NRC (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. National Academic Press, Washington, D.C., 381.
Palangi V, Majit M (2019) In situ crude protein and dry matter ruminal
degradability of heat-treated barley. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire 170, 123-128.
Parakhai MV (2017) Application of Scanning Electron Microscope in Agriculture. J Bacteriology and Mycology.
Paya H, Taghizadeh A (2020) Dry Matter Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows Fed Raw or Microwave Irradiated Safflower Seed as a Substitution to Cottonseed. Iranian J Applied Anim Sci 10: 51-58.
Sadeghu AA, Shawrang P (2007) Effects of microwave irradiation on ruminal protein degradation and intestinal digestibility of cottonseed meal. Livestock Sci 106: 176-181.
Shawrang P, Sadeghi AA, Behgar M, Zareshahi H, Sahhoseini, G (2011) Study of chemical compositions, anti-nutritional contents and digestibility of electron beam irradiated sorghum grains. Food Chemistry 125: 376-379.
Sniffen CJ, Oconnor JD, Van Soest PJ, Fox DG, Russel JB (1992) A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. 2. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J Anim Sci 70: 3562-3577.
Taghizadeh A, Danesh Mesgaran M, Eftekhar Shahroodi F, Stanford K (2005) Digestion of feed amino acids in rumen and intestine of steers measured using a mobile nylon bag technique. J Dairy Sci 88: 1714-1807.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarchpolysaccharides (NSP) in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 74: 3583-3597.
Wang Y, McAllister TA, Zobell DR, Pickard MD, Rode LM, Mir Z, Cheng HJ (1997) The effect of micronization of full-fat canola seed on digestion in the rumen and total tract of dairy cows. Canadian J Anim Sci 77: 431-440.