Determination of Aflatoxin M1 levels in Turkish cheeses provided from different regions of Turkey

PDF (English)
Publiée : Apr 18, 2023
Mis à jour : 2023-04-18
Versions :
2023-04-18 (2)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.28715
SÖ Ergin
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-8185
Ö Çakmak
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7898-1764
T Çakmak
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-8958
U Acaröz
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-4519
H Yalçın
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2162-2418
DA Acaröz
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9230-6725
S İnce
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-9797
Résumé

Hygienic quality is a very important problem in milk and dairy products. Aflatoxins are produced by moulds, and it is known that the Aflatoxin M1 type, which can be found in milk and dairy products, is a potential risk for public health. In this study, the presence of Aflatoxin M1 in white and Tulum cheese samples collected from three different provinces of Turkey (Burdur, Bursa, and Elazig) was investigated with the ELISA method. 42 white and 42 Tulum cheese samples (total 84) were analyzed, and the samples were evaluated in terms of their compliance with the limits of the Turkish Food Codex. According to the results; 34 (40.47 %) of 84 cheese samples were contaminated with Aflatoxin M1, ranging from 250 to 559 ng/kg. Fifty (59.52 %) cheese samples were found below the detection limit, meaning they are negative in terms of Aflatoxin M1 and do not pose a risk. On the other hand, 2 samples (2.38 %) were over the tolerance limit of the Turkish Food Codex. Also, the incidence of Aflatoxin M1 in white cheeses was 35.71 % and 45.23 % in Tulum cheeses. Although it is not much above the legal limit, Aflatoxin M1 contamination in cheese may reduce the food quality and adversely affect human health. Therefore, it should be treated more carefully in the production of milk and dairy products. In addition, quality feeds should be used in the feeding of dairy animals.

Article Details
  • Rubrique
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Biographie de l'auteur
SÖ Ergin, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Nutrition and Dietetics Department

Références
Acaroz U (2019) Assessment of aflatoxin M1 levels in tulum and white cheeses in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Fresenius Environ Bull 28(11A): 8663-8668.
Acaroz U, Ince S, Arslan-Acaroz D, Kucukkurt I, Eryavuz A (2020) Determination of kanamycin residue in Anatolian buffalo milk by LC-MS/MS. Kocatepe Vet J 26(1): 97-102.
Agaoglu S, Alemdar S, Ercan N (2020) Presence of aflatoxin M1 in cube cheeses produced in Sivas region. Turk J Agric Food Sci Technol 8(3): 520-525.
Aksoy A, Sezer C (2019) Evaluation of aflatoxin M1 presence in raw milk and some cheese types consumed in Kars. Kocatepe Vet J 12(1): 39-44.
Al Mossawei MT, Al Zubaidi LA, Hamza IS, Abduljaleel SY (2016) Detection of AFM1 in milk and some dairy products in Iraq using different techniques. Adv Life Sci Technol 41: 74-81.
Ardic M, Atasever M, Adıguzel G, Atasever M, Karakaya Y, Unsal C, Durmaz H (2008) A survey on the presence of aflatoxin M1 in Urfa cheese. Internet Journal of Food Safety 10: 92-96.
Aycicek H, Yarsan E, Sarimehmetoglu B, Cakmak O (2002) Aflatoxin M1 in cheese and butter consumed in Istanbul, Turkey. Vet Hum Toxicol 44(5): 295-296.
Aydemir Atasever M, Adiguzel G, Atasever M, Ozturan K (2010) Determination of Aflatoxin M1 levels in some cheese types consumed in Erzurum - Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 16: 87-91.
Bakirci I (2001) A study on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products produced in Van province of Turkey. Food Control 12: 47-51.
Battacone G, Nudda A, Palomba M, Pascale M, Nicolussi P, Pulina G (2005) Transfer of aflatoxin B1 from feed to milk and from milk to curd and whey in dairy sheep fed artifically contaminated concentrates. J Dairy Sci 88(9): 3063-3069.
Cheraghali AM, Yazdanpanah H, Dorki N, Abouhossain G, Hassibi M, Aliabadi S (2007) Incidence of aflatoxins in Iran pistachio nut. Food Chem Toxicol 45: 812-816.
Colak H, Bingol EB, Hampikyan H, Nazli B (2006) Determination of aflatoxin contamination in redscaled, red and black pepper by ELISA and HPLC. J Food Drug Anal 14(3): 292-296.
Creppy EE (2002) Update of survey, regulation and toxic effects of mycotoxins in Europe. Toxicol Lett 127: 19-28.
Dashti B, Al-Hamli S, Alomirah H, Al-Zenki S, Abbas AB, Sawaya W (2009) Levels of aflatoxin M1 in milk, cheese consumed in Kuwait and occurence of total aflatoxin in local and imported animal feed. Food Control 20: 686-690.
Dinleyici M, Kilic Yildirim G, Aydemir O, Barsan Kaya T, Carman KB (2018) Human milk aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) levels with and relationship with maternal dietary habits. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine 40(3): 86-91.
Elgerbi AM, Aidoo KE, Candlish AAG, Tester RF (2004) Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in randomly selected North African milk and cheese samples. Food Addit Contam 21(6): 592-597.
Elkak A, Atat OE, Habib J, Abbas M (2012) Occurence of aflatoxin M1 in cheese processed and marketed in Lebanon. Food Control 25: 140-143.
Erkan S, Demir P, Oksuztepe G (2018) Investigation of Savak tulum cheese sold in Elazig for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and for some chemical parameters. Firat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences 32(1): 45-51.
European Commission (EC) (2010). Regulation No: 165/2010, setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs as regards aflatoxins. Official Journal of European Communities L50: 8-12.
Fallah AA, Jafari T, Fallah A, Rahnama M (2009) Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in Iranian white and cream cheese. Food Chem Toxicol 47(8): 1872-1875.
Gunsen U, Buyukyoruk I (2003) Determination of bacteriological qualities and aflatoxin M1 levels of commercially available fresh kashar cheeses. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 27: 821-825.
Gurbay A, Engin AB, Caglayan A, Sahin G (2006) Aflatoxin M1 levels in commonly consumed cheese and yogurt samples in Ankara, Turkey. Ecol Food Nutr 45(6): 449-459.
Hampikyan H, Bingol EB, Cetin O, Colak H (2010) Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in Turkish white, kashar and tulum cheeses. J Food Agric Environ 8(1): 13-15.
Hassan ZU, Al-Thani R, Atia FA, Almeer S, Balmas V, Migheli Q, Jaoua S (2018) Evidence of low levels of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products marketed in Qatar. Food Control 92: 25-29.
Hussain HS, Brasel JM (2001) Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology 167(2): 101-134.
Iha MH, Barbosa CB, Okada IA, Trucksess MW (2011) Occurence of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products in Brazil. Food Control 22: 1971-1974.
Iqbal SZ, Jinap S, Pirouz AA, Ahmad Faizal AR (2015) Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products, occurrence and recent challenges: A review. Trends Food Sci Tech 46: 110-119.
Kamkar A, Fallah AA, Nejad ASM (2014) The review of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk and dairy products produced in Iran. Toxin Reviews 33(4): 160-168.
Karadal F, Ertas Onmaz N, Hizlisoy H, Yildirim Y, Al S, Gonulalan Z (2018) Aflatoxin M1 levels in raw sheep, goat and cow milks in Nigde province. Kocatepe Vet J 11(2): 119-125.
Kav K, Col R, Tekinsen KK (2011) Detection of aflatoxin M1 levels by ELISA in white-brined Urfa cheese consumed in Turkey. Food Control 22: 1883-1886.
Kocasari F, Tasci F, Mor F (2012) Survey of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products consumed in Burdur, Turkey. Int J Dairy Technol 65: 1-7.
Kucuk SC, Yibar A (2019) The effects of raw milk and pasteurized milk consumption on public health. Food and Health 5(3): 197-204.
Kumar V, Basu MS, Rajendran TP (2008) Mycotoxin research and mycoflora in some commercially important agricultural commodities. Crop Prot 27(6): 891-905.
Miller GD, Jarvis KJ, McBean LD (2000) The importance of milk and milk products in the diet. In: Handbook of Dairy Foods and Nutrition, Jensen RG, Kroger M, editors. CRC Press, New York: 2000, pp 4-24.
Montagna MT, Napoli C, De-Giglio O, Latta R, Barbuti G (2008) Occurence of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products in Southhern Italy. Int J Mol Sci 9: 2614-2621.
Mungai EA, Behravesh CB, Gould LH (2015) Increased outbreaks associated with nonpasteurized milk, United States, 2007-2012. Emerging Infec Dis 21(1): 119-122.
Oliveira CAF, Franco RC, Rosim RE, Fernandes AM (2011) Survey of aflatoxin M1 in cheese from the North-east region of São Paulo, Brazil. Food Addit Contam 4(1): 57-60.
Ozdemir M, Kuyucuoglu N (2007) Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in breast milk of childbearing women at hospitals in Afyonkarahisar province. The Medical Journal of Kocatepe 8: 23-29.
Park DL (2002) Effect of processing on aflatoxin. Adv Exp Med Biol 504: 173-179.
Sibanda L, De Saeger S, Van Petegham C (1999) Development of a portable field immunoassay for the detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk. Int J Food Microbiol 48: 203-209.
Tahoun A, Ahmed M, Abou Elez R, Abdellatif S (2017) Aflatoxin M1 in milk and some dairy products: Level, effect of manufacture and public health concerns. Zagazig Vet J 45(2): 188-196.
Tavakoli HR, Riazipour M, Kamkar A, Shaldehi HR, Nejad ASM (2012) Occurence of aflatoxin M1 in white cheese samples from Tehran, Iran. Food Control 23: 293-295.
Turkish Food Codex (2008). Official statement on maximum limits of certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Official newspaper, May 17, 2008. No: 2687. Basbakanlik Basimevi, Ankara, Turkey.
Yaroglu T, Oruc HH, Tayar M (2005) Aflatoxin M1 levels in cheese samples from some provinces of Turkey. Food Control 16: 883-885.
Yentur G, Er B, Gur Ozkan M, Oktem BA (2006) Determination of aflatoxins in peanut butter and sesame samples using high-performance liquid chromatography method. Eur Food Res Technol 224(2): 167-170.
Zinedine A, Manes J (2009) Occurrence and legislation of mycotoxins in food and feed from Morocco. Food Control 20: 334-344.
Articles les plus lus par le même auteur ou la même autrice