Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of ADRB2 gene in Awassi and Karakul sheep Genetic diversity in Karakul and Awassi sheep

PDF (English)
Publiée : Jul 5, 2025
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.38602
ZM Jassim
Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University
TRS Aljubouri
Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University
MB Al-Shuhaib
Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, Iraq
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6458-2068
Résumé

Due to the importance of the ADRB2 (adrenergic receptor beta 2) gene in a wide range of metabolic activities, it was aimed to evaluate its potential to differentiate between the Iraqi Awassi (n=88), and the Iranian Karakul (n=84) sheep. Twenty-seven variants were identified, including fourteen insertion variants, which constituted 51.9% of the total polymorphisms. Additionally, nine silent SNPs (33.3%) and four missense SNPs (14.8%) were detected.  The analysis of genetic diversity revealed that Karakul showed a higher number of haplotypes (h=16) and variable sites (v=11) compared with Awassi (h=13, v=9). The assessment of the evolutionary relationship among the examined populations was conducted utilizing molecular variance analysis, which indicated that the predominant diversity observed stemmed from variations within populations (76.55%), while variations between populations accounted for a mere 23.45%. The median-joining network illustrated that Karakul harbored 11 haplotypes and Awassi had 8 haplotypes, segregated into distinct groups based on their respective breeds, with 5 haplotypes showing shared localizations. Extensive phylogenetic information unveiled that the Chinese origin was the sole precursor to all identified haplotypes. Considering the ADRB2 gene's capacity to distinguish between the crucial Middle Eastern breeds, it is strongly advised that it be utilized as a robust biological marker for tracing biological diversity across broader ovine sequences.


 

Article Details
  • Rubrique
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Références
Al-Atiyat RM, Aljumaah RS, Alshaikh MA, Abudabos AM
(2018) Microsatellite-based genetic structure and diversity
of local Arabian sheep breeds. Front Genet 9: 408.
Al-Atiyat RM, Tabbaa MJ, Barakeh FS, Awawdeh FT, Baghdadi
SH (2021) Power of phenotypes in discriminating Awassi
sheep to pure strains and from other breeds. Trop Anim
Health Prod 53(1): 139.
Al-Barzinj YMS, Ali MK (2013) Genetic diversity among some
sheep breeds in Sulaimani Governorate using RAPD-PCR
Technique. J Life Sci 7(9): 971.
Aljubouri T, Hassan A, Al-Shuhaib MB (2022) Novel association
between GnRHR gene and growth traits in Awassi
and Karakul sheep. J Microbiol Biotechnol food Sci 11(5):
e3241-e3241.
Al-Moman AQ, Ata M, Al-Najjar KA (2020) Evaluation of
weight and growth rates of Awassi sheep lambs. Asian J
Res Anim Vet Sci5(3): 26-32.
Al-Shuhaib MBS (2018) A minimum requirements method to
isolate large quantities of highly purified DNA from one
drop of poultry blood. J Genet 97(1): e87-e94.
Al-Shuhaib MBS, Hashim HO (2023) Mastering DNA chromatogram
analysis in Sanger sequencing for reliable clinical
analysis. J Genet Eng Biotechnol21(1): 115.
Al-Thuwaini TM, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Hussein ZM (2020) A novel
T177P missense variant in the HSPA8 gene associated with
the low tolerance of Awassi sheep to heat stress. Trop Anim
Health Prod 52(5): 2405-2416.
Ali A, Javed K, Zahoor I, Anjum KM, Sharif N (2023) Identification
of polymorphisms in the MSTN and ADRB3 genes
associated with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in Kajli
sheep. Anim Biotechnol 34(4): 847-862.
Ali W, Ceyhan A, Ali M, Dilawar S (2020) The merits of Awassi
sheep and its milk along with major factors affecting its
production. J Agric Food, Environ Anim Sci1(1): 50-69.
Aljubouri TRS, Hassan AF, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Mahyari SA
(2020) Association of GnRH1 Gene with Growth Traits in
Two Breeds of Sheep. Agric Res 10(2): 285-293.
Aljubouri TR, Al-Shuhaib MBS (2023) A missense SNP in
the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene is associated with
growth traits in Awassi and Karakul sheep. Anim Biotechnol
(9): 4837-4850.
Aljubouri TRS, Hassan AF, Al-Shuhaib MBS (2021) Remarkable
correlation of non-genetic factors with growth traits in two
breeds of sheep. Iraqi J Agric Sci 52(2): 309-314.
Aljubouri TRS, Al-Shuhaib MBS (2021) Genotyping of mitochondrial
D-loop sequences in three breeds of sheep. Biologia
(Bratisl) 76(1): 203-211.
Alwan IH, Aljubouri TRS, Al-Shuhaib MBS (2023) A Novel
Missense SNP in the Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4)
Gene is Associated with Growth Traits in Karakul and Awassi
Sheep. Biochem Genet 1-23.
Burguete-García AI, Martínez-Nava GA, Valladares-Salgado
A, Bermudez Morales VH, Estrada-Velasco B, Wacher N,
Peralta-Romero J, Garcia-Mena J, Parra E, Cruz M (2014)
Association of β1 and β3 adrenergic receptors gene polymorphisms
with insulin resistance and high lipid profiles
related to type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Nutr
Hosp 29(6): 1327-1334.
Dahlman I, Arner P (2007) Obesity and polymorphisms in genes
regulating human adipose tissue. Int J Obes 31(11): 1629-
Diez‐Tascón C, Littlejohn RP, Almeida PAR, Crawford AM
(2000) Genetic variation within the Merino sheep breed:
analysis of closely related populations using microsatellites.
Anim Genet 31(4): 243-251.
Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S (2005) Arlequin (version 3.0):
an integrated software package for population genetics data
analysis. EvolBioinforma 1: 117693430500100000.
Fadhil IA, Al-Shuhaib MBS (2022) Phylogenetic differentiation
between Awassi and Hamdani sheep using the mitochondrial
S rRNA. Anim Biotechnol 33(5): 801-809.
French N, Yu S, Biggs P, Holland B, Fearnhead P, Binney B, Fox
A, Grove-White D, Leigh JW, Miller W (2014) Evolution
of campylobacter species in New Zealand. Campylobacter
Ecology and Evolution 221-240.
Galal S, Gürsoy O, Shaat I (2008) Awassi sheep as a genetic
resource and efforts for their genetic improvement – A review.
Small Rum Res 79(2-3): 99-108.
Hadi YA, Mnati AA, Abdulfattah SY (2020) Study of genetic
diversity using microsatellite markers in Iraqi sheep breeds.
The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science 51(5): 1367-1374.
Halil E, Özbeyaz C (2020) Investigating various performance
traits of Karakul sheep. Ankara Üniversitesi Vet Fakültesi
Derg67(2): 113-120.
Huang Y-F, Zhao Y, He J-N (2017) Genetic diversity of three
Chinese native sheep breeds. Russ J Genet 53(1): 118-127.
Khazaal NM, Alghetaa HF, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Thuwaini TM,
Alkhammas AH (2023) A novel deleterious oxytocin variant
is associated with the lower twinning ratio in Awassi
ewes. Anim Biotechnol 34(8): 3404-3415.
Khush GS (2023) Biodiversity is nature’s gift for the survival of
the human race: Some reflections. In Crop and Environment
(Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 1-4). Elsevier.
Letunic I, Bork P (2019) Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL) v4:
recent updates and new developments. Nucleic Acids Res
(W1): W256-W259.
Li R, Gong M, Zhang X, Wang F, Liu Z, Zhang L, Yang Q, Xu
Y, Xu M, Zhang H (2023) A sheep pangenome reveals the
spectrum of structural variations and their effects on tail
phenotypes. Genome Res 33(3): 463-477.
Librado P, Rozas J (2009) DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive
analysis of DNA polymorphism data. Bioinformatics
(11): 1451-1452.
Litonjua AA, Gong L, Duan QL, Shin J, Moore MJ, Weiss ST,
Johnson JA, Klein TE, Altman RB (2010) Very important
pharmacogene summary ADRB2. PharmacogenetGenom
(1): 64-69.
Lucas T, Losert D, Allen M, Halaschek-Wiener J, Pratscher B,
Friedrich C, Wolschek M, Fuchsjäger-Mayrl G, Schmetterer
L, Pehamberger H (2004) Combination allele-specific real-
time PCR for differentiation of β2-adrenergic receptor
coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Clin Chem 50(4):
-772.
Lv FH, Cao YH, Liu GJ, Luo LY, Lu R, et al. (2022) Whole-genome
resequencing of worldwide wild and domestic sheep
elucidates genetic diversity, introgression, and agronomically
important loci. Mol Biol Evol 39(2):msab353.
Machová K, Marina H, Arranz JJ, Pelayo R, Rychtářová J, Milerski
M, Vostrý L, Suárez-Vega A (2023) Genetic diversity
of two native sheep breeds by genome-wide analysis of
single nucleotide polymorphisms. Animal 17(1): 100690.
Mahram A, Herbordt MC (2015) NCBI BLASTP on high-performance
reconfigurable computing systems. TRETS 7(4):
-20.
Moradi MH, Nejati-Javaremi A, Moradi-Shahrbabak M, Dodds
KG, Brauning R, McEwan JC (2022) Hitchhiking mapping
of candidate regions associated with fat deposition in Iranian
thin and fat tail sheep breeds suggests new insights into
molecular aspects of fat tail selection. Animals 12(11): 1423.
Notter DR (1999) The importance of genetic diversity in livestock
populations of the future. J Anim Sci 54(6): 61-69.
Obeidat M, Obeidat B (2022) Fattening performance and carcass
traits of two fat-tailed sheep breeds.Trop Anim Health
Prod 53(1): 375.
Ozerov MY, Tapio M, Kantanen J, Marzanova SN, Koreckaya
EA, Lushnikov VP, Marzanov NS (2020) Environmental
factors affecting genetic variation in coarse-wool sheep.
Russ Agric Sci 46: 65-70.
Parsons YM, Cooper DW, Piper LR, Parsons YM, Cooper DW
(1996) Genetic variation in Australian Merino sheep. Anim
Genet 27(4): 223-228.
Sharma NK, Sharma MK, Gahlot GC (2017) Comparative
performance of Marwari and Karakul sheep in Arid zone:
growth. Vet Pract18(1): 111.
Sievers F, Higgins DG (2014) Clustal omega. Curr ProtocBioinforma48(
: 3-13.
Sponenberg DP (2020) Conserving the genetic diversity of
domesticated livestock. In Diversity (Vol. 12, Issue 7, p.
. MDPI.
Vaughn SE (2012) Review of the third edition of the guide for
the care and use of agricultural animals in research and
teaching. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci51(3): 298-300.
Wu J, Qiao L, Liu J, Yuan Y, Liu W (2012) SNP variation in
ADRB 3 gene reflects the breed difference of sheep populations.
Mol Biol Rep 39: 8395-8403.
Yang G, Hickford JGH, Zhou H, Fang Q, Forrest RH (2011)
Extended haplotype analysis of ovine ADRB3 using polymerase
chain reaction single strand conformational polymorphism
on two regions of the gene. DNA Cell Biol30(7):
-448.
Yang G, Zhou H, Hu J, Luo Y, Hickford JGH (2009) Extensive
diversity of the ADRB3 gene in Chinese sheep identified
by PCR-SSCP. Biochem Genet 47: 498-502.
Ye J, Coulouris G, Zaretskaya I, Cutcutache I, Rozen S, Madden
TL (2012) Primer-BLAST: a tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction. BMC Bioinformatics
(1): 134.
Yilmaz O, Cemal I, Karaca O (2014) Genetic diversity in nine
native Turkish sheep breeds based on microsatellite analysis.
Anim Genet 45(4): 604-608.
Yousif AN, Abdullah SM, Shaker AS, Ameen QA, Mohammed
MS, Muhammad SJ, Mustafa SM, Aziz CR (2023) Genetic
diversity assessment of some Iraqi Sheep breeds using microsatellite
DNA markers. TJAS 23(3): 41-50.
Zavala K, Vandewege MW, Hoffmann FG, Opazo JC (2017)
Evolution of the β-adrenoreceptors in vertebrates. Gen Comp
Endocrinol 240: 129-137.