Assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticle as treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Oreochromis niloticus

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.21796
A.H. SHERIF
Fish diseases, Kafr El-Sheikh provincial Lab Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt
E.T. ALSOKARY
Department of Biochemistry, Kafr El-Sheikh provincial Lab Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt
H.A. ESAM
Department of Microbiology, National Research Center, Egypt
Abstract

Nanoproducts became widely used materials all over the world. Antimicrobial properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle (NP) were examined against Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) bacteria and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be 20 μg/ml of TiO2NP. In addition, the treatment efficacy of TiO2NP was examined in Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) infected with A. hydrophila. One hundred and eighty fish (54±2.4 g b.w.) were divided into six groups (G). O. niloticus in G1, G2 and G3 were fed for 30 days with 0, 20 and 100 μg/g b.w. TiO2NP, respectively, while G4, G5 and G6 were i.p. injected with 0.2 ml distal water, 20 and 100 μg/g b.w. TiO2NP, respectively, for three times with ten days of interval. The blood parameters as well as some of the biochemical parameters of O. niloticus that received high dosage of TiO2NP were significantly affected regardless to the administration route. Elevation of the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and metallothionine (MT) were recorded with the high dosage. Furthermore, O. niloticus subjected to high dosage of TiO2NP had the lower survival rate (SR%) especially with the injection route (50%). On the other hand, no significant changes were demonstrated with the perceived TiO2NP MIC. The mortality rate (MR%) of challenged O. niloticus against A. hydrophila was decreased in case of TiO2NP MIC exposure, as G2 and G5 revealed 20 and 30%, respectively. Therefore, the 20 μg/g b.w. of TiO2NP could safely protect O. niloticus against A. hydrophila infection since no health hazards was observed. Meanwhile, health status of O. niloticus was adversely affected with high dosage of TiO2NP irrespective to the route of administration.

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