Liberalism and Socialism: Convergences in the political philosophy of J. S. Mill and C. Castoriadis

Περίληψη

This article investigates the theoretical convergence between two seemingly irreconcilable social systems: liberalism and socialism. Through a comparative analysis of John Stuart Mill and Cornelius Castoriadis, the author argues that early liberal thought and authentic socialist ideals share a common foundation in deep democratic sentiment and the deconstruction of social structures to empower the individual. While Mill emphasizes individual perfection and personal liberty within a utilitarian framework to prevent social chaos, Castoriadis proposes the concept of autonomy, where individuals actively participate in the self-institution of society. The study highlights their mutual belief that political participation is essential for human development and that true liberty cannot exist without equality. Ultimately, the text advocates for liberal socialism as an "Aristotelian mean"—a synthesis that addresses the crisis of traditional ideologies by balancing economic development with social progress.