QUATERNARY SOIL-GEOLOGICAL STRATIGRAPHY IN GREECE

PDF
Published: Jul 23, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16833
R. Paepe
Environmental Research and Geological Consultants GEOBOUND INTERNATIONAL
I. Mariolakos
Department Geodynamic Geology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
E. Van Overloop
Environmental Research and Geological Consultants GEOBOUND INTERNATIONAL
S. Nassopoulou
Ministry of Environment, Athens
J. Hus
Centre de physique du globe, Institut royal de météorologie
M. Hatziotou
Greek Archaeological Survey, Athens
T. Markopoulos
Mineralogical Resources and Engineering Department, Technical University of Crete
E. Manutsoglu
Mineralogical Resources and Engineering Department, Technical University of Crete
G. Livaditis
Department of Geography, Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
V. Sabot
Department of Geography, Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Abstract

Peloponnesus and Crete are probably offering the best possible standard sections for Eastern Mediterranean Pleistocene Series. Complete Pleistocene Standard Lithostratigraphic Sections from Sparta (Peloponnesus) and Kandanos (Crete) reveal continuous Pleistocene Land Sequences composed of cyclic palaeosol levels interfering with clastic fluvial, eolian (loess) and gravel deposits comparable with analogues found elswhere over the earth. Most suitable for correlation are: a) the standard Idfess area of Northern Europe, Russia and China, and b) the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa and Asia. The standard Greek Pleistocene Lithostratigraphic Sequence independently recorded at both sites (and partially from sites in other regions of Greece) reveal a number of 103 palaeosols of both interglacial and interstadial stages, indicating the extreme warm to relative warm phases of the Pleistocene ice age. This number suits surprisingly well to the 103 levels of the equally warm odd numbered oxygen isotopie stages (OIS) of the Pleistocene deep sea record which equally encompass the warm phases of the Pleistocene. Special attention is given to the Upper Pleistocene of Koroni (Southern Peloponnesus) as a case study for the Last Interglacial - Last Glacial Cycle, i.e. the middle term cycle extending in time from 127 Ka (thousand years) till 10 Ka or beginning of the Holocene. It stands as a model for the recurrent 100 Ka cycles of the long term overall Pleistocene record. Finally, in addition to the Pleistocene, the twenty wet - dry cycles of the Holocene are reviewed.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Stratigraphy
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Han Jiamao, J.J. Hus, R. Paepe, R.E. Vandenberghe and Liu Tungsheng, 1991. The Rock Magnetic Properties of the Malan and Lishi Formations in the Loess Plateau of China, 30-47. In : Liu Tungsheng (eds), Environment anc' Global Change, Science Press, Beijing, China.
Liu, T., 1985. Central Loess Plateau in China. Proceedings Academia Sinica. Special Issue, 226pp. Zagwijn, W.H. and Paepe, R., 1968. Die Stratigraphie der Weichselzeitlichen Ablagerungen der Niederlande und Belgiens. Eiszeitalter und Gegenwart, 19, 126-146.
Paepe, R., Mariolakos, I., Van Overloop, E., and Keppens, E., 1990. Last Interglacial-Glacial Geosoil Traverse (from stratotypes in the North Sea Basin and in the Eastern Mediterranean), Quaternary International, 5, 57-70.
Paepe, R., Hadziotou, M., and Van Overloop, E., 1995. Twenty Cyclic Pulses of Drought and Humidity during the Holocene. In : Finkl, C.W. Jnr. (ed.), Holocene Cycles. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue 17, 55-61.
Paepe, R., Mariolakos, I., Nassopoulou, S., Van Overloop, E., and Vouloumanos, N., 1996. Quaternary Periodicities of Drought in Greece. In: Angelakis, A.N. and Issar, A.S. (eds), Diachronie Climate Impacts on Water Resources, NATO ASI Series I: Global Environmental Change, Vol. 36, 77 - 110.
Paepe, R., and Van Overloop, E., 2001. Permafrost Equivalents from Boreal to Tropical Zones. In: R. Paepe and V. Melnikov (eds), Permafrost response on economic development, environmental security and natural resources, NATO ASI Series 2, Environmental Security, Vol. 76, 151-184.
Shackleton, N.J., Berger, A. and Peltier, W., 1990. An alternative astronomical calibration of the Lower Pleistocene time-scale based on ODP Site 677. In: Transactions Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, 81, 251-261.
Van Overloop, E., and Paepe, R., 1998. The Quaternary Geology around the Great Lakes in Central Africa. Proceedings Int. Conf. on Tropical Climatology, Meteorology and Hydrology, 142-175.
Most read articles by the same author(s)