A MINERALOGICAL STUDY OF SOME MYCENAEAN SEALS EMPLOYING MOBILE RAMAN MICROSCOPY

PDF (English)
Δημοσιευμένα: Jan 1, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11246
G. Economou
Institute of Geolical and. Mineralogical Exploration (IGME), Department of Mineralogy and Petrography
E. Konstantinidi-Syvridi
National Archaeological Museum
I. Kougemitrou
Institute of Geolical and. Mineralogical Exploration (IGME), Department of Mineralogy and Petrography
M. Perraki
National Technical University of Athens, School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Division of Geological Sciences
D.C. Smith
Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle
Περίληψη

The National Archaeological Museum in Athens is the largest archaeological museum in Greece, and one of the most important museums in the world, devoted to Ancient Greek art and history. Among other exhibits, it owns a large collection of gemstones some of which were used during prehistoric times (Mycenaean period) as seals. Their shape varies from round to oval, flattish or cylindrical, and they are delicately engraved as intaglios with a variety of depictions (lions, bulls, man, etc). They show a wide range of colours from reddish, brown, to purplish and blue. The six sealstones described here come from the Chamber Tombs of Mycenae (15th-14th cent. BC). Museum exhibit labels recognize them as varieties of quartz such as jasper (NAM 3138), sardonyx (NAM 2316 & 2865), agate (NAM 4928), amazonite (NAM 2863) and gold-mounted carnelian (NAM 6489). Raman Spectroscopic analysis has been carried out with a new MRM (Mobile Raman Microscope) using a Kaiser Holoprobe with a NIR 785nm laser. The Raman spectra acquired from 1s-60s measurements confirmed that, in all six sealstones, quartz was the major mineral species clearly identified by its characteristic peaks. The second most important phase was moganite, a little-known polymorph of quartz. The amber-coloured sealstone (NAM 6489) was confirmed as carnelian, whereas the blue-green amazonite-coloured sealstone (NAM 2863) was not detected as amazonite. Small amounts of haematite were detected in the NAM 2865 & NAM 3138.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Γεωαρχαιολογία
Creative Commons License

Αυτή η εργασία είναι αδειοδοτημένη υπό το CC Αναφορά Δημιουργού – Μη Εμπορική Χρήση 4.0.

Οι συγγραφείς θα πρέπει να είναι σύμφωνοι με τα παρακάτω: Οι συγγραφείς των άρθρων που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατηρούν τα δικαιώματα πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας επί των άρθρων τους, δίνοντας στο περιοδικό το δικαίωμα της πρώτης δημοσίευσης. Άρθρα που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατίθενται με άδεια Creative Commons 4.0 Non Commercial και σύμφωνα με την οποία μπορούν να χρησιμοποιούνται ελεύθερα, με αναφορά στο/στη συγγραφέα και στην πρώτη δημοσίευση για μη κερδοσκοπικούς σκοπούς. Οι συγγραφείς μπορούν να: Μοιραστούν — αντιγράψουν και αναδιανέμουν το υλικό με κάθε μέσο και τρόπο, Προσαρμόσουν — αναμείξουν, τροποποιήσουν και δημιουργήσουν πάνω στο υλικό.

Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Burgio, L., Clark, R.J.H., 2001. Library of FT-Raan spectra of pigments, minerals, pigment media and varnishes,
and supplement to existing library of Raman spectra of pigments with visible excitation. Spectrochimica
Acta part A 57, 1491-1521.
Cipriani, C., Borelli, A., 1986. Simon & Schuster’s guide to gems and precious stones. Simon & Schuster
Inc., 384pp.
Götze, J., Nasdala, L., Kleeberg, L., and Wenzel, M., 1998. Occurence and distribution of “moganite” in
agate/chalcedony: a combined microRaman, Rietvelt and cathodoluminescence study, Contribution
to Mineralogy and Petrology 133, 96-105.
Harding, J., 2007. Crystals. F & W Pubns Inc, 320 pp.
Kingma, K.J., Hemley, R.J. 1994. Raman spectroscopic study of microcrystalline silica. American Mineralogist
, 269-273.
Nasdala L., Smith, D.C., Kaindl, R. & Ziemann, M.A. 2004. Raman Spectroscopy: Analytical perspectives
in mineralogical research. In: Beran, A., Libowitzky, E. (Eds.), EMU Notes in Mineralogy, EMU
School on Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy 7, 281-343.
Pinet, M., Smith, D.C. & Lasnier, B. 1992. Utilité de la microsonde Raman pour l’identification nondestructive
des gemmes, avec une sélection représentative de leurs spectres Raman. In : Schubnel,
H.J., Smith, D.C. (Eds.) La Microsonde Raman en Gemmologie, Revue de Gemmologie, n° spécial
hors série 1992, Assoc. Française Gemmologie, ch. II, 11-61.
Sakellariou, A. 1964. Corpus der Minoischen und Mykenischen Siegel, Band 1; Die Minoischen und Mykenischen
Siegel des National Museums in Athen.
Sakellariou - Xenaki, A. Oi Thalamatoi tafoi ton Mykinon. Anaskafis Xr. Tsounta. Paris 1985, p. 223.
Smith, D.C. 1999. Invited «Feature article», Mineralogical Society Bulletin, 3-8.
Smith, D.C. & Carabatos-Nedelec, C. 2001. Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Crystals: Phenomena and
Principles, Concepts and Conventions. In: LEWIS, I. and EDWARDS, H.G.M. (Eds), A Handbook
on Raman Spectroscopy, Marcel Dekker Inc., 9, 349-422.
Smith, D.C., 2002. Archaeoraman and Mobile Raman Microscopy (MRM): from pigments in aerial wallpaintings
to gemstones in submarine archaeometry, Congress Georaman, Acta Universitatis Carolinae,
Geologica, Praha, 46/1, 84-86.
Smith, D.C., 2005. Jewellery and precious stones, Raman Spectrometry in Archaeology and Art History,
The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, ch. 21, 335-378.
Smith, D.C., 2006. A review of the non-destructive identification of diverse geomaterials in the Cultural
Heritage using different configurations of Raman Spectroscopy. In: Maggetti, M. & Messiga, B. (Eds).
Invited paper, ch. 2, 9-32. Proceedings, 32nd International Geological Congress, Florence, August
, «Geomaterials in Cultural Heritage», Spec. Pub. 257, Geol. Soc. London.
Vasilikou, D., 1995. The Mycenaean Civilisation, Athens.
Wace, A.J.B., 1932. Chamber Tombs at Mycenae, Archaeologia 82, p. 182.
Τα περισσότερο διαβασμένα άρθρα του ίδιου συγγραφέα(s)