Social-ecological features of set nets small-scale fisheries in the context of Mediterranean marine protected areas

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Опубликован: Sep 14, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.33079
ANTONIO CALÒ
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy & NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
ANTONIO DI FRANCO
NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy & Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Sicily Marine Center, Palermo, Italy
CHARALAMPOS DIMITRIADIS
National Marine Park of Zakynthos, El. Venizelou 1, 29100, Zakynthos, Greece
LEA PIACENTINI
Laboratoire Stella Mare, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli/CNRS
PATRICIA VENTURA
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy & Thalassa – Marine Research & Environmental Awareness, 17 Rue Gutenberg, 06000, Nice, France
ALEXIS PEY
Thalassa – Marine Research & Environmental Awareness, 17 Rue Gutenberg, 06000, Nice, France
JOSÉ ANTONIO GARCÍA-CHARTON
Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
ERIC CHARBONNEL
Côte Bleue Marine Park. Observatoire PMCB, 13620 Carry-le-Rouet, France
VICTOR DECUGIS
APAM (Association for Fisheries & Maritime Activities), 83700 Saint-Raphaël, France
FRANCESCO DE FRANCO
Consorzio di Gestione AMP Torre Guaceto, Via Sant’Anna 6, 72012, Carovigno, Italy
IVONI FOURNARI-KONSTANTINIDOU
National Marine Park of Zakynthos, El. Venizelou 1, 29100, Zakynthos, Greece
JOSIPA GRBIN
Nature Park Telašćica, 23281, Sali, Croatia
LUKA KASTELIC
Strunjan Landscape Park, Strunjan, 152 6320 Portorož, Slovenia
LORENZO MEROTTO
Portofino Marine Protected Area, 16038 Genova, Italy
ILARIA RINAUDO
Egadi Islands Marine Protected Area, Piazza Europa 3, Favignana, Italy
MARIE-CATHERINE MARIE-CATHERINE
Bouches de Bonifacio Nature Reserve, Office de l’Environnement de la Corse, 20169 Bonifacio, Corsica
FRANCISCO SOBRADO-LLOMPART
WWF-Spain, Gran Vía de San Francisco 8, 28005, Madrid, Spain
MARIA TRUJILLO-ALARCON
Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
FEDERICO QUATTROCCHI
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy & NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
MARCO MILAZZO
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy & NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
PAOLO GUIDETTI
Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy & Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI), Genoa Marine Centre, 16126 Genoa, Italy
Аннотация

The small-scale fisheries (SSF) sector has attracted considerable attention over the last decade due to its major importance in sustaining the livelihoods of coastal communities worldwide, poverty alleviation, food security, social wealth and traditions. Despite this importance, quantitative and qualitative information on SSF is still largely lacking and when available, it tends to be scattered or very localized. SSF are also among the very few professional extractive activities generally allowed within Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), and are therefore expected to acquire further momentum in the near future in light of the projected increase of protected marine surface area due to international commitments. However, SSF associated with areas including MPAs may differ from those operating in unprotected contexts with regard to a range of socio-ecological aspects, thus potentially making management strategies currently in force unsuitable, and requiring the development of ad hoc local and regional policies. Here, we assessed the socio-ecological dimension of SSF operating within and around 11 Mediterranean MPAs, in six EU countries, with the aim of identifying relevant patterns that could inform policy and management relative to this fishing sector in view of the forthcoming increase of the marine surface area under protection. To do so, we have adopted a collaborative approach with fishers and combined a photo-sampling survey of 1,292 set net (mainly trammel-nets) fishing operations at landing with 149 semi-structured interviews with fishers, to gather information on features and catches of SSF fleets (e.g. vessel characteristics, gears, catch composition, catch and revenue per unit of effort). Overall, results highlighted: 1) multiple shared features emerging at regional level (i.e. among the 11 study areas), such as the predominant use of set nets, the major contribution of a limited number of species to the overall catch and revenue, the occurrence in the catch of threatened species and/or undersized individuals; 2) a variety of distinctive socio-ecological features differentiating local SSF communities such as the species mainly contributing to catch and revenue, species size distribution and fleet characteristics. In addition to presenting elements to inform common policies and strategies for SSF management in the context of MPAs, our study provides guidance for the development of a standard methodology for the full documentation of SSF in the Mediterranean Sea.

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