Χρήση μεσόφιλων οξυγαλακτικών βακτηρίων στην παρασκευή του τυριού Φέτα


Δημοσιευμένα: Nov 30, 2017
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Μεσόφιλα οξυγαλακτικά βακτήρια τυρί Φέτα.
S. B. KARAGEORGIS (Σ.Β. ΚΑΡΑΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ)
D. K. PAPAGEORGIOU (Δ.Κ. ΠΑΠΑΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ)
A. I. MANTIS (Α.Ι. ΜΑΝΤΗΣ)
S. A. GEORGAKIS (Σ.Α ΓΕΩΡΓΑΚΗΣ)
Περίληψη

Μελετήθηκε η χρήση μεσόφιλων οξυγαλακτικών βακτηρίων στην παρασκευή τυριού Φέτα. Πέντε επιλεγμένα στελέχη μεσόφιλων οξυγαλακτικών βακτηρίων, που απομονώθηκαν από ώριμα τυριά άλμης Φέτας και Τελεμέ (2 στελέχη Lactobacillus plantarum, ένα στέλεχος Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasein ένα στέλεχος Lb. brevis και ένα στέλεχος Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis), χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε 7 διαφορετικούς συνδυασμούς για την Παρασκευή τυριού Φέτα. Για καθέναν από τους συνδυασμούς έγιναν 4 τυροκομήσεις και μελετήθηκε η επίδραση των μεσόφιλων αυτών οξυγαλακτικών καλλιεργειών στα μικροβιολογικά, χημικά και οργανοληπτικά χαρακτηριστικά της Φέτας που παρασκευάστηκε. Οι λακτοβάκιλλοι και οι λακτόκοκκοι εμφάνισαν πολύ υψηλούς πληθυσμούς (μέση λογαριθμική τιμή >7,00 log10cfu/g) σε όλη τη διάρκεια του πειραματισμού, σε όλους τους συνδυασμούς, πλην του συνδυασμού μάρτυρα F8 (Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus I Str.thermophilus) στον οποίο η μέση λογαριθμική τιμή του πληθυσμού ήταν περίπου 6,00 log10cfu/g. Στις υπόλοιπες μικροβιακές ομάδες που μελετήθηκαν (κολοβακτηριοειδή, σταφυλόκοκκοι, χλωρίδα επιμόλυνσης, ζύμες και μύκητες, πρωτεολυτικά και λιπολυτικά βακτήρια) διαπιστώθηκε σταδιακή μείωση του πληθυσμού τους με την πρόοδο της ωρίμασης, πλην των ζυμών οι οποίες αυξήθηκαν. Το pH των τυριών μειώθηκε σύντομα περίπου στο 4,5 εντός 3 έως 4 ημερών. Οι λοιπές χημικές παράμετροι (υγρασία, λίπος, NaCl) σταθεροποιήθηκαν μεταξύ 15ης και 30ης ημέρας ωρίμασης. Το διαλυτό σε 12% TCA άζωτο και ο βαθμός λιπόλυσης (ADV) αυξάνονταν βαθμιαία με την πρόοδο της ωρίμασης. Ως προς τα οργανοληπτικά χαρακτηριστικά, η ομάδα δοκιμαστών, που αξιολόγησε τα τυριά την 60η ημέρα ωρίμασης, έδωσε την υψηλότερη βαθμολογία στο τυρί που παρασκευάστηκε με το συνδυασμό Lb. plantarum /Le. lactis subsp. lactis και τη χαμηλότερη βαθμολογία στο τυρί του συνδυασμού Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus I Str.thermophilus. Πολύ καλή βαθμολογία έλαβαν και τα τυριά με τους συνδυασμούς μεσόφιλων βακτηρίων Lb. brevis / Le. lactis subsp.lactisή Lb. paracaseisubsp. paracasei /Le. lactissubsp. lactis και τα τυριά που παρασκευάστηκαν με συνδυασμούς θερμόφιλων και μεσόφιλων στελεχών.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Research Articles
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Alichanidis E, Polychroniadou A, Vafopoulou Ν (1981). Teleme cheese from deep-frozen curd. J. Dairy Sci. 64:732-739.
Anifantakis EM (1991a). Traditional Feta cheese. In: Feta and Related Cheese, eds. R. K. Robinson and AY. Tamine. Ellis Horwood limited, England, p. 49-69.
Anifantakis EM (1991b). Greek Cheeses a tradition of centuries, National Dairy Committee of Greece.
APHA (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products 16th ed., American Public Health Association, Washington.
Cogan TM, Barbosa M, Beuvier E, Bianchisalvadori Β, Cocconcelli PS, Fernandes I, Gomez J, Gomez R, Kalantzopoulos G, Ledda
A, Medina M, Rea MC, Rodriquez E (1997). Characterization of the Lactic-Acid Bacteria in artisanal dairy-products. J. Dairy Res. 64:409-421.
Commission Regulation (EC) 1829/2002 of October 14 2002 amending the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1107/96 with regard to the name "Feta".
Deeth HS, Fitz-Gerald CH (1976). Lipolysis in dairy products: A Review. Austr. J. Dairy Technol. 31:53-64.
Food and Beverage Code (F.B.C.) (1998). National Press, Athens (in Greek).
Giannakopoulos AL (1996). Analysis of data from biological experiments. Modern Education Publishing company, Thessaloniki (in Greek).
IDF (1988). Yogurt. Enumeration of characteristic microorganisms. Colony count technique at 37° C. Standard No 117A, International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
IDF (1991). Butter, fermented milk and fresh cheese. Enumeration of contaminating microorganisms. Colony count technique at 30°C. Standard No 153, International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
IDF (1991a). Milk. Enumeration of psychrotrophic microorganisms (colony count technique at 6.5°C). Standard No 101A, International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
IDF (1996). Milk and milk products. Preparation of samples and dilutions for microbiological examination. Standard No 122,International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
IDF (1997). Milk and milk based products. Enumeration of coagulate positive staphylococci. Colony count technique. Standard No 145A, International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
IDF (1998). Milk and milked based products. Enumeration of Coliforms. Part 1. Colony count technique at 30 °C without resuscitation. Part 2. Most Probable Number technique at 30 °C without resuscitation. Standard No 73B, International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
Issanchou S, Schlich Ρ, Lesschaeve I (1997). Sensory analysis methodological aspects relevant to the study of cheese. Lait 77:5-12.
Jellinek G (1985). Sensory evaluation of food. Theory and practice, Ellis Horwood Ltd., England and VCH Verlagsgesellchaft mbH, Germany.
Kaminarides SE, Laskos NS (1992). Yeasts in factory brine of Feta cheese. Austr. J. Dairy Technol. 47:68-71.
Karageorgis SB, Papageorgiou DK, Fletouris DI, Mantis AI, Georgakis SA (2006). Isolation, identification and selection of mesophilic lactic acid bacteria from ripened traditional white brined cheese. Greek J. of Dairy Sci. and Technol., (accepted) (in Greek)
Karaioannoglou P, Koidis P, Papageorgiou D, Mantis A (1985).Survival of Yersinia enterocolitica during the manufacture and storage of Feta cheese. Milchwissenschaft 40:204-206.
Katos AB (1986). Biostatistics. Paratiritis publishing company, Thessaloniki (in Greek).
Katsiari MC, Voutsinas LP, (1994). Manufacture of low-fat Feta cheese. Food Chem. 49:53-60.
Law ΒΑ, Castanon M, Shappe E (1976). The effect of non-starter bacteria on chemical composition and flavour of Cheddar cheese. J. Dairy Res. 43:117-125.
Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E, Tzanetakis Ν (1992). Microbiological study of white-brined cheese made from raw goat milk. Food Microbiol. 9:13-19.
Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E, Tzanetakis N, Vafopoulou-Mastrojiannaki A (1993). Effect of the type of lactic starter on microbiological chemical and sensory characteristics of Feta cheese. Food Microbiol. 10:31-41.
Lucey JA, Fox PF (1993). Importance of calcium and phosphate in cheese manufacture - A review. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1714-1724.
Mallatou H, Pappas CP, Voutsinas LP (1994). Manufacture of Feta cheese from sheep's milk, goat's milk or mixtures of these milks. Int. Dairy J. 4:641-664.
Manolkidis C, Polychroniadou A, Alichanidis E (1970a). Variation dans la composition du fromage Teleme au cours de sa maturation. Lait 50:38-48.
Manolkidis C, Polychroniadou A, Alichanidis E (1970b). Study of proteolysis during ripening of Teleme cheese. Lait 50:128-135.
Mantis AJ (1973). Production of staphylococcal enterotoxins in white-brined cheese feta. Docent-Doctoral Thesis. School of Vet. Med. Univ. Thessaloniki, (in Greek).
Mantis AJ (2000). Hygiene and technology on milk and milk products. Kyriakides brothers publishing company, Thessaloniki (in Greek).
Mantis AJ, Karaioannoglou Ρ (1999). Laboratory Food Microbiology, 2nd ed., Thessaloniki (in Greek).
Melas DS, Papageorgiou DK, Abrahim A, Mantis A (2001). Survival oîAeromonas hydrophila during the manufacture and ripening of Feta cheese. Milchwissenshaft. 56: 257-261.
Panetsos A, Georgakis SA, Mantis AJ, Karaioannoglou Ρ (1971). Survival of Brucella melitensis in experimentally contaminated Feta cheese. Proceedings, 4th National Symposium of Microbiology, Athens, pp. 171-179 (in Greek).
Papageorgiou DK, Abrahim A, Bori M, Doudounakis S (1998). Chemical and bacteriological characteristics of Pichtogalo Chanion cheese and mesophilic starter cultures for its production. J. Food Prot. 61:688-692.
Papageorgiou DK, Marth EH (1989). Fate of Listeria monocytogenes during the manufacture, ripening and storage of Feta cheese. J. Food Protect. 52:82-87.
Papageorgiou DK (2004). Application of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) in the production line of Feta cheese. Proceedings, 3rd Hellenic Symposium on food hygiene and food technology, Athens. Vol. B, pp. 32-39 (in Greek).
Pappas CP, Kondyli E, Voutsinas LP, Mallatou H (1994). Effect of standardization of ewe's milk for casein/fat ration on the composition, sensory and rheological properties of Feta cheese. Int. Dairy J. 4:763-778.
Pappas CP, Kondyli E, Voutsinas LP, Mallatou H (1996a). Effects of starter level, draining time and aging on the physicochemical, organoleptic and rheological properties of Feta cheese. J. Soc.
Dairy Technol. 49:73-78.
Pappas CP, Kondyli E, Voutsinas LP, Mallatou H (1996b). Effects of salting method and storage time on composition and quality of Feta cheese. J. Soc. Dairy Technol. 49:113-118.
Peterson SD, Marshall RT (1990). Non-starter Lactobacilli in Cheddar cheese: A review. J. Dairy Sci. 73:1395-1410.
Polychroniadou A, Vlachos J (1979). The free amino acids of Teleme cheese. Lait 59:234-243.
Scott R (1986). Cheesemaking practice, second ed. Elsevier Appi. Sci. pubi.
Spinnler HE, Corrieu G (1989). Automatic method to quantify starter activity based on pH measurement. J. Dairy Res. 56:755-764.
Tukan SK, Humeid MA (1991). Salt and moisture relationships in brined cheese. Austr. J. Dairy Technol. 46:85-87.
Tzanetakis N, Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E (1988). Lactic acid bacteria in raw goat milk and some of their biochemical properties. Microbiol. Aliments Nutr. 7:73-80.
Tzanetakis N, Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E (1992). Changes in numbersand kinds of Lactic-Acid Bacteria in Feta and Teleme. 2 Greek cheeses from ewes milk. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1389-1393.
Tzanetakis N, Vafopoulou-Mastrojiannaki A, Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E (1995). The quality of white-brined cheese from goats milk made with different starters. Food Microbiol. 12:55-63.
Vafopoulou A, Zerfiridis G, Alichanidis E (1989). Accelerated ripening of Feta cheese, with heat-shocked cultures or microbial proteinases. J. Dairy Res. 56:285-296.
Vakaleris DG, Price WV (1959). A rapid spectrophotometric method for measuring cheese ripening. J. Dairy Sci. 42:264-276.
Vivier D, Rivemale M, Reverbel JP, Ratomahenina R, Galzy Ρ (1994). Study of the growth of yeasts from feta cheese. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 22:207-215.
Westall S, Filtenborg Ο (1998). Yeast occurrence in Danish Feta cheese. Food Microbiol. 15:215-222.
Yanai Y, Rosen B, Pinoky A, Sklan D (1977). The microbiology of pickled cheese during manufacture and maturation. J. Dairy Res. 44:149-153.
Zourari A, Desmazeaud MJ (1991). Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Greek yogurts. 2. Strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and mixed cultures with Streptococcus salivarius subsp thermophilus. Lait 71:463-482.
Zourari A, Roger S, Chabanet C, Desmazeaud MJ (1991). Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Greek yogurts. 1. Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus strains.Lait 71:445-461.
Τα περισσότερο διαβασμένα άρθρα του ίδιου συγγραφέα(s)