Κριτική επισκόπηση των εφαρμογών της βιοτεχνολογίας στη διατροφή των ζώων


Δημοσιευμένα: Δεκ 6, 2017
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Θρέψη των ζώων βιοτεχνολογία πρώτες ύλες προσθετικά ασφάλεια ζωοτροφών
P. ZOIOPOULOS (Π. ΖΩΪΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Περίληψη

Στο άρθρο αυτό σχολιάζονται οι εφαρμογές της βιοτεχνολογίας σχετικά με τη βελτίωση της θρεπτικής αξίας ή τη δημιουργία νεοφανών ζωοτροφών, καθώς και την παραγωγή διαφόρων προσθετικών ουσιών των ζωοτροφών. Όσον αφορά στις πρώτες ύλες ζωοτροφών έχει επιχειρηθεί η με βιοτεχνολογικά μέσα αναβάθμιση της ποιότητας τους, όπως στην περίπτωση της αποδόμησης των λιγνοκυτταρινών ή του εμπλουτισμού τους σε πρωτείνη. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται αναφορά στην περίπτωση των βιοπρωτεϊνών, καθώς και στην παραγωγή ζωοτροφών από διαγονιδιακά φυτά, κυρίως ανθεκτικά σε ζιζανιοκτόνα. Επίσης, γίνεται αναφορά στα αμινοξέα ως προϊόντων βιομηχανικής ζύμωσης. Επιπλέον, σχολιάζεται η περίπτωση της βιοτεχνολογικής παραγωγής διαφόρων προσθετικών ουσιών των ζωοτροφών, όπως ένζυμα,αντιβιοτικά, προβιοτικά, καθώς και μέσα που συμπιέζουν τη μεθανιογένεση στους προστομάχους των μηρυκαστικών, αλλά και παράγοντες ενσίρωσης των ζωοτροφών, όπως ενοφθαλμίσματα και ένζυμα. Κατά περίπτωση γίνεται αναφορά στην αποτελεσματικότητα και την ασφάλεια της χρήσης των προϊόντων της βιοτεχνολογίας στη θρέψη των αγροτικών ζώων. Τέλος, και λόγω της ανάγκης χορήγησης αδείας για την κυκλοφορία των προϊόντων αυτών, γίνεται αναφορά στις διατάξεις της Κοινοτικής νομοθεσίας που διέπουν την εμπορία τους. Το άρθρο καταλήγει σε συμπεράσματα για το μέλλον του τομέα των εφαρμογών της βιοτεχνολογίας στη διατροφή των ζώων.

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