Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Description of the method and its application in the detection of viruses
Résumé
Since the first publication of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 1985, there has been a large number of reports on its applications in the study of viral infections. This review outlines the PCR methodology and its variations, as well as the problems that may be encountered during its performance. Its application in the detection of various viruses in clinical samples is also presented.
Article Details
- Comment citer
-
PAPANASTASSOPOULOU (Μ. ΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ) M. (2018). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Description of the method and its application in the detection of viruses. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 48(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15795
- Numéro
- Vol. 48 No 2 (1997)
- Rubrique
- Special Article
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Références
Saiki RF, Scharf S, Faloona FA, Mullis KB, Horn GT, Erlich HA, Arnheim Ν. Enzymatic amplification of β-globim genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Science 1985, 230: 1350 - 1354.
Mullis KB, Faloona FA. Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via polymerase catalysed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol 1987,155: 335-350
Τριανταφυλλίδης Κ. Κλασική και Μοριακή Γενετική. Θεσσαλονίκη, 1992
Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory manual 2nd Ed. Cold Spring Harbor laboratory Press, 1989, Book 1: 7.39 - 7.79, Book 2: 9.31 - 9.58 και 14.5 -14.30
Erlich HA (ed) PCR Technology, Principles and Applications for DNA Amplification. Stockton Press, New York, 1989.
Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds). PCR Protocols. A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, New York, 1990.
DeMarchi JM. The polymerase chain reaction. Clin Microbiol Newsletter 1990,12:81-87
Ballagi-Pordany A, Klingeborn Β, Flensburg L, Belak S. Equine herpesvirus type 1: Detection of viral DNA sequenes in aborted fetuses with the polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 1990, 22:373-381.
Ballagi -Pordany A, klintevall K, Mezza M, Klingeborn Β, Belak S. Direct detection of bovine leukemia virus infection: Practical applicability of a double polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Med (B) 1992, 39:69-77.
Suarez P, Zardoya R, Prieto C, Solana A, Tabares E, Bautista JM, Castro JM. Direct detection of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus by reverse polymerase chain raction (RT-PCR). Arch Virol 1994,135:89-99.
Wahlber J, Lundeberg J, Hultman T, Uhlen M. General colorimetrie method for DNA diagnostics allowing direct solid-phase genomic sequencing of positives samples. Proc Nat Acad Sc USA 1990, 87:6569-6573.
Belak S, Ballagi-Pordany A. Application of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in veterinary diagnostic virology. Vet Res Comm 1993,17:55-72.
Truyen U, Platzer G, Parrish CR, Haenichen Τ, Hermanns W, Kaaden OR. Detection of canine parvovirus DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues by polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Med (B) 1994, 41:148-152.
Prato Murphy ML, Rodriguez M, Schudel AA, Meyer RF. Localization of foot and mouth disease virus RNA in tissue culture infected cells via in situ polymerase chain reaction. J Virol Methods 1995, 54:173-178.
Whight PA, Wynford-Thomas D. The polymerase chain reaction: Miracle or mirage? A critical review of its uses and limitations in diagnosis and research. J Pathol 1990, 162:99-117.
Belak S, Ballagi-Pordany A, Flensburg J, Virtanen A. Detection of Pseudorabies virus DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction. Arch Virol 1989b, 108:279-
Gould AR, Hyatt AD, Eaton BT, White JR, Hooper PT, Blacksell SD, LeBlanck SPM. Current techniques in rapid bluetongue diagnosis. Aus Vet J 1989, 66:450-454.
Eaves FW, Molloy JB, Dimmock CK, Eaves LE. A field evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction procedure for the detection of bovine leukaemia virus proviral DNA in
cattle. Vet Microbiol 1994, 39:313-321.
Hidalgo G, Bonilla JA. Lymphoproliferation assays in cattle naturally infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) and bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV). J Vet Med (B) 1996, 43:325-332.
Nadin-Davis SA, Chang SC, Smith H, Jacobs RM. Detecton of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus by the polymerase chain reaction. J Virol Methods 1993, 42:323- 326.
House C, Meyer RF. The detection of foot-and-mouth disease virun in oesophagealpharyngeal samples by a polymerase chain reaction technique. J Virol Methods 1993, 43:1-6.
Marquardt O, Straub OC, Ahi R, Haas Β. Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in nasal swabs of symptomatic cattle by RT-PCR within 24 hours. J Virol Methods 1995, 53:255-261.
Schmitt BJ, Lopez OJ, Ridpath JF, Galeota-Wheeler J, Osorio FA. Evaluation of PCR for diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea virus in tissue homogenates. J Vet Diagn Invest 1994, 6:44-47.
Horner GW, Tham KM, Orr D, Ralston J, Rowe S, Houghton T. Comparison of an antigen capture enzymelinked assay with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reacton and cell culture immunoperoxidase tests for the diagnosis of ruminant pestivirus infections. Vet Microbiol 1995, 43:75-84.
Radwan GS, Brock KV, Hogan JS, Smith KL. Development of a PCR amplification assay as a screening text using bulk milk samples for identifying dairy herds infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. Vet Microbiol 1995, 44:77-92.
Baxter SIF, Pow I, Bridgen A, Reid HW. PCR detection of the sheep-associated agen of malignant catarrhal fever. Arch Virol 1993,132:145-159.
Wiyono A, Baxter SIF, Saepulloh M, Damayanti R, Daniels P, Reid HW. PCR detection of ovine herpesvirus- 2 DNA in Indonesian ruminants - normal sheep and clinical cases of malignant catarrhal fever. Vet Microbiol 1994, 42:45-52.
Vilcek S. Detection of the bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) genome by PCR. J Viro Methods 1993, 41:245-248.
Santurde G, Da Silva Ν, Villares R, Tabares E, Solana A, Bautista JM, Castro JM. Rapid and high sensitivity test for dirct detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 genome in
clinical samples. Vet Microbiol 1996, 49:81-92.
Barlough J, East N, Dean Rowe J, Van Hoosear K, DeRock E, Bigornia L, Rimstad E. Double-nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus proviral DNA in blood, milk and tissues of infected goats. J Virol Methods 1994, 50:101-114.
Brodie SJ, Pearson LD, Snowder GD, DeMartine JC. Host-virus interaction as defined by amplification of viral DNA and serology in lentivirus-infected sheep. Arch Virol 1992,130:413-428.
Nanda YP, Chatterjee A, Purohit AK, Diallo A, Innui K, Sharma RN, Libeau G, Thevasagayam JA, Broening A, Kitching RP, Anderson J, Barrett T, Taylor WP. The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from Northern India. Vet Microbiol 1996, 51:207-216.
Schorr E, Wentworth D, Hinshaw VS. Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect swine influenza virus in nasal swab specimens. Am J Vet Res 1994, 55 (7):952-956.
Tobler K, Ackermann M. Identifikation und Charakterisierung von neuen und umbekannten Coronaviren mit Hilfe von RT-PCR una degenerierten Primern. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk 1996,138:80-86.
Wagner Wn, Bogdan J, Haines D, Townsend HG, Misra V. Detection of equine herpesvirus and differentiation of equine herpesvirus type 1 from type 4 by polymerase chain reaction. Can J Microbiol 1992, 38 (11):1193-1169.
Otten N, Von Tscharner C, Lazary S, Antczak DF, Gerber H. DNA of bovine papillomavirus type 1 and 2 in equine sarcoids: PCR detection and direct sequencing. Arch Virol 1993,132:121-131.
Zientara S, Sailleau C, Moulay S, Wade-Evans A, Cruciere C. Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the detection of African horse sickness viruses. J Virol Methods 1995, 53:47-54.
Hirasawa T, Kaneshige T, Mikazuki K. Sensitive detection of canine parvovirus DNA by the nested polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 1994, 41:135-145.
Uwatoko D, Sunairi M, Nakajima M, Yamaura K. Rapid method utilizing the polymerase chain reaction for detection of canine parvovirus in feces of diarrheic dogs. Vet Microbiol 1995, 43:315-323.
Lawson M, Meers J, Blechynden L, Robinson W, Greene W, Carnegie P. The detection and quantitation of feline ummunodeficiency provirus in peripheral blood
mononuclear cells using the polymerrase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 1993, 38:11-21.
Allenspach K, Amacker M, Leutenegger CM, Hottiger M, Hofmann-Lebmann R, Hubscher U, Pistello M, Lutz H. Die Quantifizierung von proviraler FIV-DNA mittels kompetitiver PCR. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk 1996,138:87-92.
Vahlenkamp TW, Egberink HE, Van Eijk MJT, Slotboom- Kamphorst AME, Verschoor EJ, Hornizek MC, De Ronde A. Competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for quantitation of feline immunodeficiency virus. J Virol Methods 1995, 52:335-346.
Tomonaga K, Mikami T. Detection of feline immunodeficiency virus transcripts by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reacton. Vet Microbiol 1996, 48:337-344.
Hara M, Fukuyama M, Suzuki Y, Kisikawa S, Ikeda Τ, Kiuchi A, Tabuchi K. Detection of feline herpesvirus 1 DNA by the nested polymerase chain reaction. Vet
Microbiol 1996, 48:345-352.
Li X, Scott FW. Detection of feline coronaviruses in cell cultures and in fresh and fixed feline tissues using polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 1994, 42:65-77.
Fehr D, Bolla S, Herrewegh AAPM, Hornizek MC, Lutz H. Nachweis feliner Coronaviren mittels RT-PCR: Grundlage zum Studium der Pathogenese der felinen
infectioesen Peritonitis (FIP). Schweiz Arch Tierheilk 1996,138:74-79.
Scholz E, Porter RE, Guo P. Differential diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis form other respiratory diseases by simplified PCR procedure. J Virol Methods 1994, 50:313-322.
Lee LH, Yu SL, Shieh HK. Detection of infectious bursal disease virus infection using the polymerase chain reaction. J Virol Methods 1992, 40:243-254.
Pardoe IU, Michalak TI. Detection of hepatitis Β and woodchuch hepatitis viral DNA in plasma and mononuclear cells from heparinized blood by the polymerase chain raction. J Virol Methods 1995, 51:277-288.
Pfeffer M, Meyer H, Wernery U, Kaaden OR. Comparison of camelpox viruses isolated in Dubai, vet Microbiol 1996, 49:135-146.
Gruber AD, Greiser-Wilke IM, Haas L, Hewicker- Trautwein M, Moenning V. Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus RNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue by nested polymerase chain reaction. J Virol Methods 1993, 43:309-320.
Gruber AD, Moenning V, HewickerOTrautwein M, Trautwein G. Effect of ormalin fixation and long-term storage on the detectability of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) RNA in archival brain tissue using polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Med (B) 1994, 41:654-661.
Block N, Breen M, Spradbrow PB. Genomic sequences of bovine papillomaviruses in formalin-fixed sarcoids from Australian horses revealed by polymerase chain reaction. Vet Microbiol 1994, 41:163-172.
O' Keefe JS, Julian A, Moriarty K, Murray A, Wilks CR. A comparison of the polymerase chain reaction with standard laboratory methods for the detection of EHV-1 and EHV 4 in archival tissue samples. Ν Ζ Vet J 1994, 42:93-96.
Parsonson IM, McColl KA. Retrospective diagnosis of bluetongue virus in stored frozen and fixed tissue samples using PCR. Vet Microbiol 1995, 46:134-149.
