When used in animals, a neem (Azadirachta indica)-based ectoparasiticide performs better than a synthetic one

PDF (English)
Publiée : Ιαν 21, 2023
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.27963
S Azeem
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-2034
H Akbar
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
L Ahmad
Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Life Sciences Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
M Ashraf
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
S Puvanendiran
Animal Virus Laboratory, Veterinary Research Institute, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka
Résumé

Finding alternate ways to relieve animals from the ectoparasites is one of the most important aspects under One-Health concept. Herbal ectoparasiticides offer a promising alternate to chemical ectoparasiticides. The present study was designed to evaluate the ectoparasiticide efficacy of Nimboliâ (Neem: Azadirachta indica extract) in various animal species, keeping in view the objectives of One-Health. The ectoparasiticide efficacy of Nimboliâ was also compared with a commercial chemical ectoparasiticide Tagafon (Hydroxyethyl Phosporic Acid). Various animals infested with ticks, fleas, lice, flies, and maggots and presented at clinics were treated with Nimboliâ(n=36)and Tagafon (n=19). Mean time taken by each ectoparasiticide to knock-down various ectoparasites was recorded. The present study suggested significantly higher efficacy of Nimboliâ against ticks, fleas, lice, flies and maggots as compared with Tagafon. The mean time taken by Nimboli® to knockdown various ectoparasites of same and different kinds and their larvae was also less compared to the mean time taken by Tagafon. The present study indicated that Nimboliâ is an eco-friendly ectoparasiticide that is safe-to-use both for animals and their handlers, hence can replace chemical ectoparasiticides. The present study highlights the importance of herbal ectoparasiticides, especially those containing neem in the treatment and control of ectoparasites in animals. This information have special relevance for countries that have native neem trees such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Senegal, and Thailand. Since herbal ectoparasiticides are biodegradable, they offer an added advantage of maintaining ecological health.

Article Details
  • Rubrique
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Biographie de l'auteur
S Azeem, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

Assistant Professor, Institute of Microbiology

Références
Abdel-Ghaffar F, Sobhy HM, Al-Quraishy S, Semmler M (2008) Field study on the efficacy of an extract of neem seed (Mite -Stop) against the red mite Dermanyssus gallinae naturally infecting poultry in Egypt. Parasitol Res 103:481-485. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-0965-9. Epub 2008 May 15. PubMed PMID: 18481087.
Adenubi OT, Akande FA (2019) Ethnoveterinary Plant Species and Practices Used for the Control of Internal and External Parasites of Domestic Animals in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria, 7.
Al-Rajhy DH, Alahmed AM, Hussein HI, Kheir M (2003). Insecticidal effects of cardiac glycosides, azadiractin and neem oil against the camel tick, Hylomma dremedarii (Acari: Ixodidae). Pest Manag. Sci 59: 1250-1254.
Banerjee A, Manna S, Saha SK (2014) Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica
A. Juss (neem) leaf on oocyte maturation, oviposition, reproductive potentials and embryonic development of a freshwater fish ectoparasite Argulus bengalensis Ramakrishna, 1951 (Crustacea: Branchiura). Parasitol Res 113:4641-4650. doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-4155-7.
Banerjee PS (1997) Efficiency of herbal ectoparasiticide AV/EPP/14 on some ectoparasites of dogs and cattle. J Vet Parasitol 11:215-217.
Bhilegaonkar NG, Maske DH, (1997) Efficacy of a herbal compound AV/EPP/14 against ectoparasites of dogs. Indian Vet J 74:869-870.
Borges LMF, Ferri PH, Silva WJ, Silva, WC, Silva JG, (2003) In vitro efficacy of extracts of Melia azedarach against the tick Boophilus microplus. Med Vet Emtomol 17 (2): 228.
Brahmachari, G (1999) Neem-An omnipotent plant: retrospection. Phytotherapy Res. 13:532-534.
Brahmachari G (2004) Neem - An omnipotent plant: A retrospection, ChemBioChem, 5: 408–421.
Camarda A, Pugliese N, Bevilacqua A, Circella E, Gradoni L, George D, Sparagano O, Giangaspero A (2018) Efficacy of a novel neem oil formulation (RP03™) to control the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae. Med Vet Entomol 32:290-297. doi: 10.1111/mve.12296.
Chaudhry ZI, Saiddain A, Sabir N, Malik NA, Azeem S, Sajid A (2011) Prevalence of pathological conditions causing skin damage and consequently reducing its market value in domestic ruminants of Punjab, Pakistan. Veterinary Science Development 1:e4. doi: 10.4081/vsd.2011.e4.
Das SS (1997) Therapeutic efficacy of AV/EPP/14 herbal ectoparasiticide liquid against sarcotic manage infestations in goats. J Parasitol Appl Anim Biol 6: 39-41.
Devine GJ, Baber M, Denholm I (2001) Incidence and inheritance of resistance to METI- insecticides in European strains of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Pest Manag Sci 57: 443-448.
Guerrini VH, Kriticos, CM (1998) Effects of azadirachtin on Ctenocephalides felis in the dog and the cat. Vet. Parasitol 74: 289-297.
Habluetzel A, Carnevali F, Lucantoni L, Grana L, Attili AR, Archilei F, Antonini M, Valbonesi A, Abbadessa V, Esposito F, Esch SA (2007) Impact of the botanical insecticide Neem Azal® on survival and reproduction of the biting louse Damalinia limbata on Angora goats, Vet Parasitol 144: 328-337.
Heath ACG, Lampkin N, Jowett JH (1995) Evaluation of non-conventional treatments for control of the biting louse (Bovicola ovis) on sheep. Med Vet Entomology 9 :407- 412.
Hirudkar US, Deshpande PD, Narlandkar, BW, Vadlamudl VP (1997) Effect of herbal treatment with himax ointment and neem oil in sascoptic mange in sheep. Indian Vet J 74:506-508.
Hourrigan JL (1979) Spread and detection of Psoroptic scabies of cattle in the United States. JAVMA 175:1278-1280.
Kilonzo B S, Alighali AM (ed.); N.K. Maniania (ed.); M. Ndoye (ed.) and Z.M. Nyiira (1991). Aspects of pest management in relation to agricultural production and environmental conservation in Africa. Part II. Proceedings of the AAIS and the Entomological Society of Zambia, annual general and scientific meetings, Lusaka, Zambia, 4-8 December 1989. Insect Science and its Application. 12: 699-702.
Kilonzo BS, Ngomuo AJ, Sabuni CA, Mgode GF (2001) Effects of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) extract on livestock fleas in Morogoro District, Tanzania, Insect. Sci Applic 21: 89-92.
Kulkarni MD, Bansod RS (2001) Studies on herbal preparations against dermatitis in crossbred cattle. Indian Vet J 78: 64-65.
Lima de Souza JR, Remedio RN, Arnosti A, de Abreu RMM, Camargo-Mathias MI (2017) The effects of neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. JUSS) enriched with different concentrations of azadirachtin on the integument of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae) females. Microsc Res Tech 80:838-844. doi:10.1002/jemt.22871.
Mulla MS, Su-T (1999) Activity and biological effects of neem products against arthropods of medical and veterinary importance. J Amer Mosquito Control Assoc 15:133-152.
Orwa C, Mutua A, Kindt R , Jamnadass R, Anthony S 2009 Agroforestree Database:a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. URL: http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sites/treedbs/treedatabases.asp [accessed 04 September 2021].
Patel BJ, Singh, SP, Joshi, DV (1998) Heperglycalmia in Cypermethrin induced in crossbred calves. Indian Vet J 75:667-669.
Rao DV, Singh I, Chopra P, Chhabra PC, Ramanujalu G. (1986) In vitro antibacterial activity of Neem oil. Indian J Med Res 84:314-316.
Sivaramakrishnan S, Kumar NS, Jeyabalan D, Bahu R., Raja NS, Murugan K (1996) The effect of mixtures of neem, eucalyputs an pongamia oils on the mortality and biochemical profiles of the tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) (Acari: Ixodidae). Indian J Environ Toxicol 6: 85-86.
Tenquist JD (1977). Some Ectoparasites of Veterinary Importance. The New Zealand Entomologist. 6:285-289.
Vatsya S, Singh NP (1997) Effects of chemical and herbal insecticides on calf skin. Indian J Vet Pathol 21: 30-31.
Articles les plus lus par le même auteur ou la même autrice