Comparison of productive performance, gene expression, metabolic biochemical profile and economic evaluation between some layer and broiler breeds

PDF (English)
Publiée : Απρ 20, 2024
DOI : https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.33842
H Ghanem
Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Y Elseady
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, 35516
S Ibrahim
Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
A Ateya
Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Résumé

The objective of this study was to explore comparative features of productive performance, gene expression, metabolic biochemical profile and economic evaluation between some layer and broiler breeds. Three breeds (Fayoumi, Dokki 4, and Gimmizi) of broiler and three breeds of layers were enrolled in this study. Gimiza and Ross breeds elicited a higher productive performance than other ones in layer and broiler chickens respectively. mRNA levels of productive (GH, IGF-I, PGAM2, and MSTN), bone (osteocalcin), reproductive (ESR) and intestinal health (CathB, gastrotropin and MUC2) markers significantly differed among broiler and layer breeds. Serum levels of cholesterol, TG, HDLP, LDLP, T3 and T4 significantly varied within and between layer and broiler breeds. Regarding economic parameters Gimiza and Ross breeds had higher total and net returns and economic efficiency than other layer and broiler breeds. However, the latter two breeds elaborated an opposite trend for total variable and fixed costs. This study revealed that the breed factor has an impact on productive performance, gene expression, serum profile and economic parameters in layers and broiler breeds. Therefore, the aforementioned parameters could be utilized for selection of favorable breed within and between chicken breeds. 

Article Details
  • Rubrique
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Téléchargements
Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.
Références
Alamgir, M. S., Haque, M. S. Economic analysis of layer production under supervision of Aftab Bahumukhi Farm Limited and private management in selected areas of Kishoreganj district. J Bangladesh Agri Univ. (2007); 5, (2): 437 - 444
Al-Marzooqi W, Al-Maskari ZAS, Johnson EH, Al-Kharousi K, Mahgoub O, Al-Saqri N M, El Tahir Y. Comparative evaluation of growth erformance, meat quality and intestinal development of indigenous and commercial chicken strains. Int J Poult Sci. (2019); 18: 174-180.
Al-Wassity RT, Mahmood ZH, AlSammarraie MH. An economic study to estimate the productive profitability efficiency of broiler production projects using the short-term cost function in Iraq (Al-Qadisiyah Governorate): An applied model for the production season. Plant Archiv, (2019); 20(1): 2762-2768.
Anh NT, Kunhareang S, Duangjinda M. Association of Chicken Growth Hormones and Insulin-like Growth Factor Gene Polymorphisms with Growth Performance and Carcass Traits in Thai Broilers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. (2015); 28(12):1686-95.
Antar M E, Azab R S, Ismail, Shousha SM. Genetic and hormonal differences between high (Cobb Broiler) and low (Native Fayoumi) growth rate breeds of chicken. Benha Vet Med J. (2020); 39: 28-33.
Apata DF. The emergence of antibiotics resistance and utilization of probiotics for poultry production. Sci J Microbiol.(2012);8-13.
Asiamah CA, Liu Y, Ye R, Pan Y, Lu LL, Zou K, Zhao Z, Jiang P, Su Y. Polymorphism analysis and expression profile of the estrogen receptor 2 gene in Leizhou black duck. Poult Sci. (2022); 101(3):101630.
Atallah ST. Effect of cattle diseases on reproductive, productive and economic efficiency of dairy farms. Minufiya Vet J. (2004); 1: 99-114.
Atallah ST. Study the economic and productive efficiency of some broiler farms in relation to ration constituents. Minufiya Vet J. (2000); 1: 169-183.
Ateya AI, Arafat N, Saleh RM, Ghanem HM, Naguib D, Radwan HA, Elseady YY. Intestinal gene expressions in broiler chickens infected with Escherichia coli and dietary supplemented with probiotic, acidifier and synbiotic. Vet Res Commun. (2019); 43(2):131-142.
Bano R, Shah H, Sharif M, Akhtar W. Profitability index and capital turn over in open house broiler farming: A case study of district Rawalpindi. Pak J Agric Res. (2011); 24(1- 4): 75-81.
Bergen WG, Mersmann HJ. Comparative aspects of lipid metabolism: impact on contemporary research and use of animal models. J Nutr. (2005); 135(11):2499-502.
Bhattacharya TK, Chatterjee RN, Dushyanth K, Shukla R. Cloning, characterization and expression of myostatin (growth differentiating factor-8) gene in broiler and layer chicken (Gallus gallus). Mol Biol Rep. (2015); 42(2):319-27.
Buzala M, Adamski M, Janicki, B. Characteristics of performance traits and the quality of meat and fat in Polish oat geese. World’s Poult Sci. (2014); 70:531-542.
Buzala M, Janicki B, Czarnecki R. Consequences of different growth rates in broiler breeder and layer hens on embryogenesis, metabolism and metabolic rate: A review. Poult Sci. (2015); 94:728-33.
Carvalho, E.H., Zilli, J.B., Mendes, A.S., Morello, G.M., Bonamigo, D.V. Main factors that affect the economic efficiency of broiler breeder production. Brazilian J Poult Sci. (2015); 17(1): 11-16.
Chen J, Tellez G, Richards JD, Escobar J. Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Gut Barrier Failure in Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci. (2015); 2:14.
Chhikara, O. P. Costs and returns from broiler rearing in Gurgaon district of Haryana. Poultry Abstr. (1990); 17(10):2871.
Chmelnicna L, Solcianska L. Relationship between cage area and yield of the main elements of chicken carcasses. Polish J Food Nutr Sci.(2007); 57(4): 81-83.
Christians JK, Williams TD. Effects of Exogenous 17β-Estradiol on the Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Performance of European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). J Exp Biol. (1999); 202: 2679-2685.
Cilek S, Tekin ME. Environmental factors affecting milk yield and fertility traits of Simmental cows raised at the Kazova State Farm and phenotypic correlations between these traits. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. (2005); 29: 987-993.
Dahiya J, Wilkie D, Van Kessel AG, Drew M. Potential strategies for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens in post-antibiotic era. Anim Feed Sci Technol. (2006); 129:60-88.
Dou, T., Li, Z., Wang, K. et al. Regulation of myostatin expression is associated with growth and muscle development in commercial broiler and DMC muscle. Mol Biol Rep. (2018); 45: 51.
Duggavathi R, Siddappa D, Schuermann Y, Pansera M, Menard IJ, Praslickova D, Agellon LB. The fatty acid binding protein 6 gene (Fabp6) is expressed in murine granulosa cells and is involved in ovulatory response to superstimulation. J Reprod Dev. (2015); 61(3):237-40.
Dumas BT, Biggs H.G. Standard Methods of Clinical Chemistry. Academic Press. New York USA. (1972); 7:175
Dunner S, Sevane N, Garcia D, Cortes O, Valentini A, Williams JL, Mangin B, Canon J, Levéziel H. Association of genes involved in carcass and meat quality traits in 15 European bovine breeds. Livest Sci. (2013); 154:34-44.
El-Attrouny MM, Iraqi MM, Sabike II, Abdelatty AM, Moustafa MM, Badr OA. Comparative evaluation of growth performance, carcass characteristics and timed series gene expression profile of GH and IGF-1 in two Egyptian indigenous chicken breeds versus Rhode Island Red. J Anim Breed Genet. (2021); 138(4):463-473.
Emmerson DA. Commercial approaches to genetic selection for growth and feed conversion in domestic poultry. Poult Sci. (1997); 76:1121-1125.
Faure P, Oziol L, Artur Y, Chomard P. Thyroid hormone (T3) and its acetic derivative (TA3) protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation by different mechanisms. Biochimie (2004); 86: 411-8.
Feng X and Mcdonald J M. Disorders of bone remodeling. ANNU REV PATHOL-MECH. 2011; 6:121-45.
Fontanesi L, Davoli R, Costa LN, Beretti F, Scotti E, Tazzoli M, Tassone F, Colombo M, Buttazzoni L, Russo V. Investigation of candidate genes for glycolytic potential of porcine skeletal muscle: Association with meat quality and production traits in Italian large white pigs. Meat Sci. (2008); 80:780-787.
Fouda M, Ateya A, EL Araby I, Elzeer A. Genetic polymorphisms and expression pattern of IGF-I gene in commercial broiler strains. Anim Plant Sci. (2021); 31(6): 1542-1547.
Ghanem HM, Ateya AI, El Seady YY, Nasr SM, El Kholy NA. Effect of Breed, ApoVLDL-II Gene Polymorphism and Metabolic Biochemical Markers on Growth and Body Composition Traits in Commercial Broiler Breeds. Asian J Anim Vet Adv. (2016); 11: 548-555.
Ghanem HM. Impact of breed and feed restriction on some productive and carcass traits in broiler chickens. Int J Sci Res. (2014); 3: 2745-2751.
Giachetto P F, Riede EC, Gabrie JE, Ferro MIT, Di Mauro SMZ, Macari M, Jesus Aparecido Ferro JA. Hepatic mRNA expression and plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in broiler chickens selected for different growth rates. Genet Mol Biol. (2004); 27 (1): 39-44.
Gonzales E, Buyse J, Loddi MM, Takita TS, Buys N, Decuypere E. Performance, incidence of metabolic disturbances and endocrine variables of food-restricted male broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci. (1998); 39(5):671-8.
Griffin HD, Guo K, Windsor D, Butterwith SC. Adipose tissue lipogenesis and fat deposition in leaner broiler chickens. J Nutr. (1992); 122: 363-368.
Grobet L, Martin LJ, Poncelet D, Pirottin D, Brouwers B, Riquet J, Schoeberlein A, Dunner S, Ménissier F, Massabanda J, Fries R, Hanset R, Georges M. A deletion in the bovine myostatin gene causes the double-muscled phenotype in cattle. Nat Genet. (1997); 17(1):71-4.
Guernec A, Berri C, Chevalier B, Wacrenier-Cere N, Le Bihan-Duval E, Duclos MJ. Muscle development, insulin-like growth factor-I and myostatin mRNA levels in chickens selected for increased breast muscle yield. Growth Horm IGF Res. (2003); 13 (1):8-18.
Guimaraes D, Carvalho M L, Geraldes V, et al. Study of lead accumulation in bones of Wistar rats by X-ray fluorescence analysis: aging effect. Metallomics. (2012); 4:66-71.
Halevy O, Geyra A, Barak M, Uni Z, Sklan D. Early posthatch starvation decreases satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle growth in chicks. Nutrition. (2000); 130(4): 858-864.‏
Hall JM, McDonnell DP. The estrogen receptor beta-isoform (ERbeta) of the human estrogen receptor modulates ERalpha transcriptional activity and is a key regulator of the cellular response to estrogens and antiestrogens. Endocrinology. (1999); 140(12):5566-78.
Hamilton KJ, Arao Y, Korach KS. Estrogen hormone physiology: reproductive findings from estrogen receptor mutant mice. Reprod Biol. (2014); 14(1):3-8.
Haugh H. The Haugh Unit for Measuring Egg Quality. The US Egg Poult Magazine. 1937; 43, 552-555, 572-573.
Havenstein GB, Ferket PR, Scheideler SE, Larson and BT. Growth, livability and feed conversion of 1957 vs (1991) broilers when fed typical (1957) and (1991) broiler diets. Poult Sci, 1994; 73: 1785-1794.
Ho DH, Reed WL, Burggren WW. Egg yolk environment differentially influences physiological and morphological development of broiler and layer chicken embryos. J Exp Biol. (2011); 214:619-628
Hrabia A, Ha Y, Shimada K. Expression of estrogen receptor alpha mRNA in theca and granulosa layers of the ovary in relation to follicular growth in quail. Folia Biol (Krakow). (2004); 52(3-4):191-5.
Jacobs L, Bourassa DV, Harris CE, Buhr RJ. Euthanasia: Manual versus Mechanical Cervical Dislocation for Broilers. Animals (Basel). (2019); 1;9(2):47.
Jawasreha K, Al Athamneha S, Al-Zghoulb MB, Al Amareenc A, Al Sukhnia I, Aadd P. Evaluation of growth performance and )muscle marker genes expression in four different broiler strains in Jordan. Italian J Anim Sci. (2019); 18 (1): 766-776.
Jia J, Ahmed I, Liu L, Liu Y, Xu Z, Duan X, Li Q, Dou T, Gu D, Rong H, Wang K, Li Z, Talpur MZ, Huang Y, Wang S, Yan S, Tong H, Zhao S, Zhao G, Te Pas MFW, Su Z, Ge C. Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens. PLoS One. (2018); 9; 13(4):e0195378.
Jiang, Z. Gene and expression analysis of secretory mucins and trefoil factor(s) in the intestinal mucosa of chicken. PhD Diss. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN. (2011). Jilka R L. Biology of the basic multicellular unit and the pathophysiology
of osteoporosis. Med Pediatr Oncol. (2003); 41:182-5.
Joseph NS, Moran, ET. Characteristics of eggs, embryos, and chicks from broiler breeder hens selected for growth or meat yield. J Appl Poult Res. (2005); 14:275-280.
Jung J G, Lim W, Park TS, Kim JN, Han BK., Song G, Han JY. Structural and histological characterization of oviductal magnum and lectin‐binding patterns in Gallus domesticus. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. (2011); 9(1): 1-11. 10.1186/1477-7827-9-62
Kang L, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Yan H, Tang H, Yang C, Wang H, Jiang Y. Molecular characterization and identification of a novel polymorphism of 200 bp indel associated with age at first egg of the promoter region in chicken follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene. Mol Biol Rep. (2012); 39(3):2967-73.
Kebede E. Growth Performance and Rearing Costs of Fayoumi and White Leghorn Chicken Breeds. East Afr J Sci. (2017); 11(1): 37-42.
Kim DH, Choi YM, Lee J, Shin S, Kim S, Suh Y, Lee K. Differential Expression of MSTN Isoforms in Muscle between Broiler and Layer Chickens. Animals (2022); 12: 539.
Klasing K. Nutritional modulation of resistance to infectious diseases. Poult Sci. (1998); 77 (8):1119-25.
Kocamis H, Killefer J. Myostatin expression and possible functions in animal muscle growth. Domest Anim Endocrinol. (2002); 23:447-454
Lee J, Kim DH, Lee K. Muscle Hyperplasia in Japanese Quail by Single Amino Acid Deletion in MSTN Propeptide. Int J Mol Sci. (2020); 21(4):1504.
Lee SJ, McPherron AC. Regulation of myostatin activity and muscle growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. (2001); 98: 9306-9311.
Lemlem A, Tesfay Y. Performance of exotic and indigenous poultry breeds managed by smallholder farmers in northern Ethiopia. Livestock Res Rural Dev. (2010); 22 (7).
Li H, Wang T, Xu C, Wang D, Ren J, Li Y, Tian Y, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Kang X, Liu X. Transcriptome profile of liver at different physiological stages reveals potential mode for lipid metabolism in laying hens. BMC Genomics. (2015); 16:763.
Li H, Zh C, Tao Z, Xu W, Song W, Hu Y, Zhu W, Song C. MyoD and Myf6 gene expression patterns in skeletal muscle during embryonic and posthatch development in the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestica). J Anim Breed Gen. (2014); 131:194-201
Liang W, Zhuo X, Tang Z, et al. Calcitonin gene-related peptide stimulates proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoporotic rat-derived bone mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cell Biochem. (2015); 402:101-10.
McGuckin MA, Lindén SK, Sutton P, Florin TH. Mucin dynamics and enteric pathogens. Nat Rev Microbiol. (2011); 9 (4):265-78.
McMurtry JP, Francis GL, Upton Z. Insulin-like growth factors in poultry.Domest Anim Endocrinol. (1997); 14: 199-229
Muhammad DF. Production Performance and Economic Appraisal of Commercial Layers in District Chakwal. Ph.D. Thesis, NWFP Agriculture University, Peshawar, Pakistan, (2002); 39.
Nakashima K, Ishida A, Katsumata M. Comparison of proteolytic-related gene expression in the skeletal muscles of layer and broiler chickens. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. (2009); 73(8):1869-71.
Niu X, Tyasi TL, Qin N, Liu D, Zhu H, Chen X, Zhang F, Yuan S, Xu R. Sequence variations in estrogen receptor 1 and 2 genes and their association with egg production traits in Chinese Dagu chickens. J Vet Med Sci. 2017; 23; 79(5):927-934.
Nowier AM, Ramadan SI, Mahrous MY, Belgasim SSH, EL-Denary ME. Genetic and Productive Studies on Egyptian Local and Exotic Laying Hen. Egypt Poult Sci. (2018); 38 (I): 179-194.
Paech K, Webb P, Kuiper GG, Nilsson S, Gustafsson J, Kushner PJ, et al. Differential ligand activation of estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta at AP1 sites. Science. (1997); 277(5331):1508-10.
Pauwels J, Coopman F, Cools A, Michiels J, Fremaut D, De Smet S, Janssens GP. Selection for growth performance in broiler chickens associates with less diet flexibility. PLoS One. (2015); 10(6): e0127819.
Pfaffl MW. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res. (2001); 29(9):2002-2007.
Qiu H, Zhao S, Xu X, Yerle M, Liu B. 2008. Assignment and expression patterns of porcine muscle-specific isoform of phosphoglycerate mutase gene. J Genet Genomics. (2008); 35:257-260.
Rauw W M, Kanis, E, Noordhuizen-Stassen EN, Grommers, FJ. Undesirable side effects of selection for high production efficiency in farm animals: a review. Livest ProdSci. (1998); 56:15-33.
Reiprich K, Muhlbauer E, Decuypere E, Grossmann R. Characterization of growth hormone gene expression in the pituitary and plasma growth hormone concentrations during posthatch development in the chicken. J Endocrinol. (1995); 145: 343-353. Rocha JS, Bonkowski MS, Bartke A. Effects of mild calorie restriction on reproduction, plasma parameters and hepatic gene expression in mice with altered GH/IGF-I axis. Mech Ageing Dev. (2007); 128: 317 - 331.
Rodríguez-Hernández R, Oviedo-Rondón EO, Rondón-Barragán IS. Identification of reliable reference genes for expression studies in the magnum of laying hens housed in cage and cage-free systems. Vet Med Sci. 2021; 7(5):1890-1898.
Sato M, Tachibana T, Furuse M. Heat production and lipid metabolism in broiler and layer chickens during embryonic development. Comp Biochem Physiol Part A.( 2006); 143: 382-388.
Scheuermann GN, Bilgili SF, Tuzun S, Mulvaney DR. Comparison of chicken genotypes: myofiber number in pectoralis muscle and myostatin ontogeny. Poult Sci. (2004); 83(8):1404-12.
Seyedabadi RH, Amirinia C, Mirmozafari N, Torshizi RV, Chamani M. Association between single nucleotide polymorphism of apoVLDL-II gene with growth and body composition traits in Iranian commercial broiler line. Afr J Biotechnol. (2010); 9: 4175-4178.
Shin S, Song Y, Ahn J, Kim E, Chen P, Yang S, Suh Y, Lee K. A novel mechanism of myostatin regulation by its alternative splicing variant during myogenesis in avian species. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. (2015); 309(10):C650-9.
Sinpru P, Bunnom R, Poompramun C, Kaewsatuan P, Sornsan S, Kubota S, Molee W, Molee A. Association of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I genotype with body weight, dominance of body weight, and mRNA expression in Korat slow-growing chickens. Anim Biosci. (2021); 34(12):1886-1894.
Tauson R. Management and housing systems for layers - effects on welfare and production. World’s Poult Sci. (2005); 61:3, 477-490.
Tavaniello S, Maiorano G, Siwek M, Knaga S, Witkowski A, Di Memmo D, Bednarczyk M. Growth performance, meat quality traits, and genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in 3 generations of Japanese quail populations (Coturnix japonica). Poult Sci (2014); 93:2129-2140
Thirumalesh, T, Mallikarjunappa S. Economic rationale of rearing broiler on small scale Dept. of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College, Bidar, India. (2005).
Tom, K. Production and Technical Efficiency on Australian Dairy Farms; ACT: Canberra, Australia, 2000.
Unim S, Phasuk Y, Aggrey SE, Duangjinda M. Gene expression of fatty acid binding protein genes and its relationship with fat deposition of Thai native crossbreed chickens. Anim Biosci. (2021); 34(4):751-758.
Walz DA, Wider MD, Snow JW, Dass C, Desiderio DM. The complete amino acid sequence of porcine gastrotropin, an ileal protein which stimulates gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion. J Biol Chem. (1988); 263(28):14189-95.
Wang Q, Li H, Li N, Leng L, Wang Y. Tissue expression and association with fatness traits of liver fatty acid-binding protein gene in chicken. Poult Sci. (2006); 85(11):1890-5.
Wang SH, Fan Y, Baker JR Jr. Overexpression of BID in thyroids of transgenic mice increases sensitivity to iodine-induced autoimmune thyroiditis. J Transl Med. (2014); 23 (12):180.
Wiskocil R, Bensky P, Dower W, Goldberger RF, Gordon JI, Deeley RG. Coordinate regulation of two estrogen-dependent genes in avian liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (1980); 77(8):4474-8.
Xiao Y, Wu C, Li K, Gui G, Zhang G, Yang H. Association of growth rate with hormone levels and myogenic gene expression profile in broilers. Anim Sci Biotech. (2017); 8:43.
Yin HD, Li DY, Zhang L, Yang MY, Zhao XL, Wang Y, Liu YP, Zhu Q. Housing system influences abundance of Pax3 and Pax7 in postnatal chicken skeletal muscles. Poult Sci. (2014); 93:1337-1343.
Young, D.S. and Friedman, R.B., (2001). Effects of disease on clinical laboratory tests. 2. Listing by disease. AACC-Press.
Zhang Q, Eicher SD, Applegate TJ. Development of intestinal mucin 2, IgA, and polymeric Ig receptor expressions in broiler chickens and Pekin ducks. Poult Sci. (2015); 94(2):172-80.
Zhang R, Li R, Zhi L, Xu Y, Lin Y, Chen L. Expression profiles and associations of muscle regulatory factor (MRF) genes with growth traitsin Tibetan chickens. Br Poult Sci. (2018); 59:63-67.
Zhao R, Muehlbauer E, Decuypere E, Grossmann R. Effect of genotype-nutrition interaction on growth and somatotropic gene expression in the chicken. Gen Comp Endocrinol. (2004); 136: 2-11.
Zhou H, Mitchell AD, McMurtry JP, Ashwell CM Lamont SJ. Insulin-like growth factor-I gene polymorphism associations with growth, body composition, skeleton integrity and metabolic traits in chickens. Poult Sci. (2005); 84: 212-219
Zhu G, Fang C, Li J, Mo C, Wang Y, Li J. Transcriptomic diversification of granulosa cells during follicular development in chicken. Sci Rep. (2019); 9:1-16.
Zhu L, Li XW, Shuai SR, Chen Li Gu YR, Zhang K. The phylogeny analysis of MyoG gene in different pig breeds. Interdiscip Sci.(2010); 2:175-179
Articles les plus lus par le même auteur ou la même autrice