Effect of fermented feed on the growth performance, health condition and immune response of white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

PDF (English)
Pubblicato: Ιαν 15, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.36120
MN Awad
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6431-7306
MM Khalafalla
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
RH Khalil
Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
BH Abdella
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-263X
RA Mohamed
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice bran fermented with commercial probiotic bacteria in relation to the culture density, with a focus on its impacts on the performance, health, microbiota, immune and transcriptomic responses of Litopenaeus vannamei as well as water quality. The white leg shrimp, L. vannamei (PL12) with an average weight of 0.34± 0.041 g was obtained from Egypt's shrimp hatchery at Ghallioun project and cultivated in a stocking density of 150 and 200 animals/ m3. The shrimp were divided into three groups: three replicate each. Group I (G-I) was fed only on formulated feed (Control group), Group II (G-II) was fed on 50 % formulated feed and 50 % fermented feed and Group III (G-III) was fed on 100 % fermented feed. The results revealed that, the feed modification only considerably affected water temperature, but the stocking density significantly affected both the concentration of dissolved oxygen and the total ammonia nitrogen (P<0.05). The stocking density and feed fermentation had an impact on the individual / liter of the copepod presence in the culture bond. With 100% meal replacement, the maximum number of copepods was seen. High stocking density has resulted in a decrease in the number of copepods in the water. The phytoplankton decreased significantly as the food replacement increased. The highest growth performance was reported in shrimp larvae fed 100% formulated feed followed by 50% formulated feed and 50 % fermented feed then 100% fermented feed. The carbohydrate and the total ash percentage have increased while the crude protein content and fat content has decreased following the application of fermented feed. The application of fermented feed reduced the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei while decreasing the expression of immune response genes and factors. In conclusion, using fermented feed may reduce the overall use of formulated feed and improve the health and immunity of shrimp larvae.

Article Details
  • Sezione
  • Research Articles
Creative Commons License

Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale 4.0 Internazionale.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

· Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g. post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

· Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (preferably in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Downloads
I dati di download non sono ancora disponibili.
Riferimenti bibliografici
Abdel-Rahim M, Bahattab O, Nossir F, Al-Awthan Y, Khalil RH, Mohamed
R (2021) Dietary Supplementation of Brown Seaweed and/
or Nucleotides Improved Shrimp Performance, Health Status and
Cold-Tolerant Gene Expression of Juvenile Whiteleg Shrimp during
the Winter Season Marine Drugs, 19(3): 175.
Abdella B, Abozahra NA, Shokrak NM, Mohamed RA, El-Helow ER
(2023) Whole spectrum of Aeromonas hydrophila virulence determinants
and the identification of novel SNPs using comparative pathogenomics
Scientific Reports, 13(1): 7712.
Abdella B, El-Wazzan E, El-Sersy NA, Sabry SA, El-Helow ER (2017)
Pathogenicity and antibiotic susceptibility of two bacterial pathogens
associated with the clam Tapes decussatus in some Egyptian fisheries
Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 34(4): 383-389.
AOAC (1995) Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (sixteenth) Association
of Official Analytical Chemists.
Arnold SJ, Sellars MJ, Crocos PJ, Coman GJ (2006) Intensive production
of juvenile tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon: An evaluation of stocking
density and artificial substrates Aquaculture, 261(3): 890-896.
Bardera G, Owen MAG, Façanha FN, Alcaraz-Calero JM, Alexander ME,
Sloman KA (2021) The influence of density and dominance on Pacific
white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) feeding behaviour Aquaculture,
(September 2020): 735949.
Benzie IFF, Strain JJ (1996) The Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma
(FRAP) as a Measure of “Antioxidant Power”: The FRAP Assay Analytical
Biochemistry, 239(1): 70-76.
Bondad-Reantaso MG, Subasinghe RP, Josupeit H, Cai J, Zhou X (2012)
The role of crustacean fisheries and aquaculture in global food security:
Past, present and future Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 110(2):
-165.
Chen W, Gao S (2023) Current status of industrialized aquaculture in China:
a review Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(12):
-32287.
Chi W, He B, Manavski N, Mao J, Ji D, Lu C, Rochaix JD, Meurer J,
Zhang L (2014) RHON1 Mediates a Rho-Like Activity for Transcription
Termination in Plastids of Arabidopsis thaliana The Plant Cell,
(12): 4918-4932.
Chinma CE, Ilowefah M, Muhammad K (2014) Optimization of Rice Bran
Fermentation Conditions Enhanced by Baker’s Yeast for Extraction
of Protein Concentrate Nigerian Food Journal, 32(1): 126-132.
Claiborne A (1985) Catalase activity In R. A. Greenwald (Ed.): Handbook
of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research (pp. 283-284) CRC Press.
da Cunha L, Besen KP, de Oliveira NS, Delziovo FR, Gomes R, da Cruz
JM, Picoli F, Gisbert E, Skoronski E, El Hadi Perez Fabregat T (2022)
Fermented soybean meal can partially replace fishmeal and improve
the intestinal condition of goldfish juveniles reared in a biofloc system
Aquaculture Research, 53(18): 6803-6815.
El-Wazzan E, Ghareeb DA, Abdella B (2020) Pre-induction of Hsp70 expression
to protect the grooved carpet shell clam, Ruditapes decussatus,
against Micrococcus luteus: A trained immunity strategy Egyptian
Journal of Aquatic Research, 46(1): 79-84.
Fabian C, Ju Y-H (2011) A Review on Rice Bran Protein: Its Properties
and Extraction Methods Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
(9): 816-827.
FAO (2022) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022 FAO.
Flohé L, Günzler WA (1984) [12] Assays of glutathione peroxidase In
Methods in enzymology (Vol. 105, pp. 114-120).
Francis G, Makkar HP., Becker K (2001) Antinutritional factors present
in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish
Aquaculture, 199(3-4): 197-227.
Hernández-López J, Gollas-Galván T, Vargas-Albores F (1996) Activation
of the prophenoloxidase system of the brown shrimp Penaeus
californiensis Holmes) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology
Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 113(1): 61-66.
Huang J, Dai Y, Huang T, Du T, Xiong T (2023) Comparison of nutritional
value, bioactivity, and volatile compounds of soybean meal-corn bran
mixed substrates fermented by different microorganisms Letters in
Applied Microbiology, 76(2).
Huang W, Ren C, Li H, Huo D, Wang Y, Jiang X, Tian Y, Luo P, Chen T,
Hu C (2017) Transcriptomic analyses on muscle tissues of Litopenaeus
vannamei provide the first profile insight into the response to low
temperature stress PLOS ONE, 12(6): e0178604.
Ighodaro OM, Akinloye OA (2018) First line defence antioxidants-superoxide
dismutase (SOD): catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase
(GPX): Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid
Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 54(4): 287-293.
Jacobson MZ (2011) Enhancement of local air pollution by urban carbon
dioxide domes ACS National Meeting Book of Abstracts, 650, 2497-
Jian J-C, Wu Z-H, Yang S-P (2013) Effect of Marine Red Yeast Rhodosporidium
paludigenum on Antioxidant-Related Gene Expression in
Litopenaeus vannamei Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh, 65.
Kokou F, Fountoulaki E (2018) Aquaculture waste production associated
with antinutrient presence in common fish feed plant ingredients
Aquaculture, 495, 295-310.
Lauria V, Das I, Hazra S, Cazcarro I, Arto I, Kay S, Ofori-Danson P,
Ahmed M, Hossain MAR, Barange M, Fernandes JA (2018) Importance
of fisheries for food security across three climate change vulnerable
deltas Science of The Total Environment, 640-641, 1566-1577.
Leaño EM, Lavilla-Pitogo CR, Paner MG (1998) Bacterial flora in the
hepatopancreas of pond-reared Penaeus monodon juveniles with luminous
vibriosis Aquaculture, 164(1-4): 367-374.
Lin Y-H, Mui J-J (2017) Comparison of dietary inclusion of commercial
and fermented soybean meal on oxidative status and non-specific
immune responses in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei Fish &
Shellfish Immunology, 63, 208-212.
Liñan-Vidriales MA, Peña-Rodríguez A, Tovar-Ramírez D, Elizondo-
González R, Barajas-Sandoval DR, Ponce-Gracía EI, Rodríguez-
Jaramillo C, Balcázar JL, Quiroz-Guzmán E (2021) Effect of
rice bran fermented with Bacillus and Lysinibacillus species on dynamic
microbial activity of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
Aquaculture, 531, 735958.
Liu N, Wang Y, An X, Qi J (2022) Study on the Enhancement of Antioxidant
Properties of Rice Bran Using Mixed-Bacteria Solid-State
Fermentation Fermentation, 8(5): 212.
Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of Relative Gene Expression
Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method
Methods, 25(4): 402-408.
Magbanua TO, Ragaza JA (2022) Selected dietary plant-based proteins
for growth and health response of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
Aquaculture and Fisheries.
Mahmoud NH, Elsherbiny BA, Moffit SM, Mohamed JH, Abouelkheir
SS, Abdella B (2022) Cell Biology and Microbial Interactions in
Algal Cells In M. M. El-Sheekh, N. Abdullah, & I. Ahmad (Eds.):
Handbook of Research on Algae as a Sustainable Solution for Food,
Energy, and the Environment (pp. 84-108) IGI.
Maran E, Fernández M, Barbieri P, Font G, Ruiz MJ (2009) Effects of four
carbamate compounds on antioxidant parameters Ecotoxicology and
Environmental Safety, 72(3): 922-930.
Mehrim AI, Refaey MM (2023) An Overview of the Implication of Climate
Change on Fish Farming in Egypt Sustainability, 15(2): 1679.
Moustafa EM, Saad TT, Khalil RH, Dawood MAO, Lolo EE (2020) The
Ameliorative Role of Synbiotic Culture Techniques Application in
White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) During Nursery Stage Advances
in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 8(3).
Mukherjee R, Chakraborty R, Dutta A (2015) Role of Fermentation
in Improving Nutritional Quality of Soybean Meal — A Review
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 29(11): 1523-1529.
MuÑoz E, Marcos A, Unzaga MT (1981) Effect of Protein Deficiency on
the Lysosomal Enzyme Activities of the Spleen and Thymus of Weanling
Rats The Journal of Nutrition, 111(12): 2133-2141.
Payá M, Halliwell B, Hoult JRS (1992) Interactions of a series of coumarins
with reactive oxygen species Biochemical Pharmacology, 44(2):
-214.
Peixoto F, Alves-Fernandes D, Santos D, Fontaínhas-Fernandes A (2006)
Toxicological effects of oxyfluorfen on oxidative stress enzymes in
tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology,
(2): 91-96.
Ray AJ, Lewis BL, Browdy CL, Leffler JW (2010) Suspended solids removal
to improve shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production and an
evaluation of a plant-based feed in minimal-exchange, superintensive
culture systems Aquaculture, 299(1-4): 89-98.
Romano N, Dauda AB, Ikhsan N, Karim M, Kamarudin MS (2018) Fermenting
rice bran as a carbon source for biofloc technology improved
the water quality, growth, feeding efficiencies, and biochemical composition
of African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles Aquaculture
Research, 49(12): 3691-3701.
Ruiz-Velazco JMJ, Hernández-Llamas A, Gomez-Muñoz VM (2010)
Management of stocking density, pond size, starting time of aeration,
and duration of cultivation for intensive commercial production of
shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Aquacultural Engineering, 43(3): 114-
Sadique KJ, Pandey A, Khairnar SO, Naveen Kumar BT (2018) Effect of
Fermented Water Hyacinth Leaf Meal on Plankton Productivity and
Gut Content Analysis of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) International
Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(09):
-1959.
Sarker PK (2023) Microorganisms in Fish Feeds, Technological Innovations,
and Key Strategies for Sustainable Aquaculture Microorganisms,
(2): 439.
Shi P, Wang H, Feng M, Cheng H, Yang Q, Yan Y, Xu J, Zhang M (2022)
Bacterial Metabolic Potential in Response to Climate Warming Alters
the Decomposition Process of Aquatic Plant Litter—In Shallow Lake
Mesocosms Microorganisms, 10(7): 1327.
Utley HG, Bernheim F, Hochstein P (1967) Effect of sulfhydryl reagents
on peroxidation in microsomes Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics,
(1): 29-32.
Vaseeharan B, Ramasamy P (2003) Control of pathogenic Vibrio spp. by
Bacillus subtilis BT23, a possible probiotic treatment for black tiger
shrimp Penaeus monodon Letters in Applied Microbiology, 36(2):
-87.
Villamil L, Tafalla C, Figueras A, Novoa B (2002) Evaluation of Immunomodulatory
Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Turbot ( Scophthalmus
maximus ) Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 9(6): 1318-1323.
Wabete N, Chim L, Pham D, Lemaire P, Massabuau J-C (2006) A soft
technology to improve survival and reproductive performance of Litopenaeus
stylirostris by counterbalancing physiological disturbances
associated with handling stress Aquaculture, 260(1-4): 181-193.
Wang D, Li J, Zhu G, Zhao K, Jiang W, Li H, Wang W, Kumar V, Dong
S, Zhu W, Tian X (2020) Mechanism of the Potential Therapeutic
Candidate Bacillus subtilis BSXE-1601 Against Shrimp Pathogenic
Vibrios and Multifunctional Metabolites Biosynthetic Capability of
the Strain as Predicted by Genome Analysis Frontiers in Microbiology,
Yang H, Bian Y, Huang L, Lan Q, Ma L, Li X, Leng X (2022) Effects of
replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal on the growth performance,
intestinal microbiota, morphology and disease resistance
of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Aquaculture Reports, 22,
Yang S, Huang Y, Chen B, Liu H, Huang Y, Cai S, Jian J (2022) Protective
effects of sulphoraphane on oxidative damage caused by ammonia
in Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture Research, 53(4): 1197-1204.
Zhang J, Liu Y-J, Tian L-X, Yang H-J, Liang G-Y, Yue Y-R, Xu D-H
(2013) Effects of dietary astaxanthin on growth, antioxidant capacity
and gene expression in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Aquaculture Nutrition, 19(6): 917-927.
Puoi leggere altri articoli dello stesso autore/i