Portuguese and Greek Experiences with Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI) in Comparative Perspective
Δημοσιευμένα:
Jul 10, 2017
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Ελάχιστο Εγγυημένο Εισόδημα Πορτογαλία Ελλάδα
Περίληψη
Portugal and Greece have divergent histories with regard to Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI), arguably the principal difference in the two countries’ evolutions of social assistance in recent decades. Neither had a GMI when EEC common criteria on sufficient resources and social assistance were issued in 1992. Portugal introduced a pilot programme in 1996 that went operational in 1997. Greece is among only a few European countries never to experiment with GMI. Only recently (in 2012) was a decision reached to launch a pilot GMI scheme, with implementation still forthcoming.
An account for the different Portuguese and Greek GMI experiences emphasizes the importance of actors such as political parties and trade unions. This actor-centred approach argues that the Portuguese GMI success is attributable to a coalition among key domestic policy actors, while ambivalent and fragmented attitudes among Greek policy actors hindered institution. The recent decision for a GMI pilot in Greece should be viewed as a product of the severe economic crisis and state debt obligations that leave little space for ambivalence.
Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
- Πώς να δημιουργήσετε Αναφορές
-
Lalioti, V. (2017). Portuguese and Greek Experiences with Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI) in Comparative Perspective. Κοινωνική Πολιτική, 2, 27–45. https://doi.org/10.12681/sp.10553
- Τεύχος
- Τόμ. 2 (2014)
- Ενότητα
- Άρθρα
Αυτή η εργασία είναι αδειοδοτημένη υπό το CC Αναφορά Δημιουργού 4.0.
Οι συγγραφείς των άρθρων που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατηρούν τα δικαιώματα πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας επί των άρθρων τους, δίνοντας στο περιοδικό το δικαίωμα της πρώτης δημοσίευσης. Άρθρα που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατίθενται με άδεια Creative Commons 4.0 και σύμφωνα με την άδεια μπορούν να χρησιμοποιούνται ελεύθερα, με αναφορά στο/στη συγγραφέα και στην πρώτη δημοσίευση για μη κερδοσκοπικούς σκοπούς και με δικαίωμα τροποποίησης μόνον με παρόμοια διανομή (αν αναμείξετε, τροποποιήσετε, ή δημιουργήσετε πάνω στο υλικό, πρέπει να διανείμετε τις δικές σας συνεισφορές υπό την ίδια άδεια όπως και το πρωτότυπο).
Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Adão, P. (2009), Waving the European Flag in a Southern European Welfare State: Factors Behind Domestic Compliance with European Social Policy in Portugal, Florence: EUI.
Alcock, P., Erskine, An. and May, M. (eds) (2002), The Blackwell Dictionary of Social Policy, Oxford: Blackwell.
Amable, B. (2003), The Diversity of Modern Capitalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Amitsis, G. (2013), ‘Principles and Operational Frameworks for a General System of Minimum Income in Greece’, in National Institute of Labour and Human Resources (ed.), Guaranteed Minimum Income: Approaches and Proposals in View of the Pilot Implementation of the Scheme, Study no. 8/2013, pp. 57-83 [in Greek].
Andreotti, Al. et al. (2001), ‘Does a Southern European Model Exist?’, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 43-62.
Benassi, D. (2002), Between Welfare and Poverty, Milan: FrancoAngeli [in Italian].
Bosco, An. (2001), ‘Four Actors in Search of a Role: The Southern European Communist Parties’, in N. P. Diamandouros and R. Gunther (eds), Parties, Politics and Democracy in the New Southern Democracy, The Social Science Research Council, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 329-387.
Branco, Fr. (2001), A "Lunar Phase" for Social Rights -Virtues and Limits of the RMG as Citizenship Right in Portugal, Social Work PhD Thesis, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, April [in Portuguese].
Capucha, L. et al. (1998), Guaranteed Minimum Income: Evaluation of the Experimental Phase, Lisbon: MTSS [in Portuguese].
CGTP-In (1996), Report of Activities, 8th Congress, May-June, Lisbon [in Portuguese].
CGTP-In (1998), CGTP Conference - For the Defence and Improvement of Social Security, 23 April [in Portuguese].
Costa Lobo, M. (2006), From Democratic Consolidation to Quality of Democracy: The European Union and the Portuguese Political Parties, Working Paper 20, Lisbon: Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon [in Portuguese].
Costa Lobo, M. and Magalhães, P. C. (2001), ‘From "Third Wave" to "Third Way": Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)’, Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 25-35.
Court of Auditors (2000), Audit of the Guaranteed Minimum Income. Allocation and Control Systems, Audit Report no. 2/2000-2.ª S [in Portuguese].
Cristovam, M. L. (1999), ‘One-Year Experiment with the Guaranteed Minimum Income Examined’, European Industrial Relations Observatory (EIRO).
Democratic Left (2012), Programmatic Proposals [in Greek].
Estanque, El. (2009), ‘Portuguese Trade Unionism: A "Brief" Balance’, in Ideas Behind Great Decisions: OPS-Journal of Socialist Opinion, no. 1/2/3/4, pp. 23-28, Lisbon: ‘Campo da Comunicação’ Editions [in Portuguese].
Ethnos on Sunday (2000), ‘Interview of Tilemahos Hitiris’, 10 December [in Greek].
Ferrera, M. (1996), ‘The Southern Model of Welfare in Social Europe’, Journal of European Social Policy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 17-37.
Ferrera, M. (ed.) (2005), Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe. Fighting Poverty and Social Exclusion in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece, London: Routledge/EUI Studies in the Political Economy of Welfare.
Fishman, R. (2010), ‘Rethinking the Iberian Transformations: How Democratization Scenarios Shaped Labor Market Outcomes’, Studies in Comparative International Development, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 281-310.
Freire, An. (2005), ‘Party System Change in Portugal, 1974-2005: The Role of Social, Political and Ideological Factors’, Portuguese Journal of Social Science, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 21-40.
Freire, An. (2010), ‘A New Era in Democratic Portugal? The 2009 European, Legislative and Local Elections’, South European Society and Politics, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 593-613.
Hall, P. and Gingerich, D. W. (2004), ‘Varieties of Capitalism and Institutional Complementarities in the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Analysis’, Cologne: Max Planck-Institute for Social Research, Discussion Paper 04/5.
Huber, Ev. and Stephens, J. D. (2001), Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
IMF (2012), Greece: Request for Extended Arrangement Under the Extended Fund Facility, Country Report No. 12/57, Washington DC: International Monetary Fund.
Inácio, Al. (2004), ‘Destination Found’, Jornal de Notícias, 11 July [in Portuguese].
Institute of Social Security (2013), Practical Guide – Social Integration Income [in Portuguese].
Ioannou, Ch. and Kjellberg, An. (2005), ‘Confederations and Mergers. Convenience Rather than True Love’, in J. Waddington (ed.), Restructuring Representation: The Merger Process and Trade Union Structural Development in Ten Countries, Brussels: P.I.E-Peter Lang, pp. 337-360.
Journal of the Assembly of the Republic (1994a), 1st Series-No. 52; VI Legislature, 3rd Legislative Session, 25 March, pp. 1746-1768 [in Portuguese].
Journal of the Assembly of the Republic (1994b), 1st Series-No. 76; VI Legislature, 3rd Legislative Session, 25 May, pp. 2474-2489 [in Portuguese].
Journal of the Assembly of the Republic (1996), 1st Series-No. 68; VII Legislature, 1st Legislative Session, 10 May, pp. 2199-2232 [in Portuguese].
Journal of the Assembly of the Republic (2002), 1st Series-No. 20; IX Legislature, 1st Legislative Session, 15 June, pp. 1-31 [in Portuguese].
Katrougalos, G. (1996), ‘The South European Welfare Model: The Greek Welfare State, in Search of an Identity’, Journal of European Social Policy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 39-60.
Kostoulas, V. (2013), ‘The Memorandum Will not Come to an End in 2014. Six Findings and Recommendations for the Greek Economy’, in Nafteboriki, 22 October [in Greek].
Kouvelakis, St. (2011), ‘The Greek Cauldron’, New Left Review, no. 72, pp. 17-32.
Leibfried, S. (1992), ‘Towards a European Welfare State?’, in Z. Ferge and J.E. Kolberg (eds), Social Policy in a Changing Europe, Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 245-279.
Lisi, M. (2006), ‘From Government to Opposition and Then Comeback: Lessons Learned from the Portuguese Socialist Party’, in An. Bosco (ed.), Parties and Voters in Southern Europe, Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino, pp. 47-82 [in Italian].
Magone, J. M. (2005), ‘The Internationalization of the Portuguese Socialist Party, 1973-2003’, Perspectives on European Politics and Society, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 491-516.
Matsaganis, M. (2004), Social Solidarity and Its Contradictions: The Role of a Guaranteed Minimum Income Programme in Modern Social Policy, Athens: Kritiki [in Greek].
Matsaganis, M. (2011), Social Policy in Hard Times, Athens: Kritiki [in Greek].
Matsaganis, M. (2013), ‘The Guaranteed Minimum Income and its Role in Dealing with the New Social Issue’, in National Institute of Labour and Human Resources (ed.), Guaranteed Minimum Income: Approaches and Proposals in View of the Pilot Implementation of the Scheme, Study no. 8/2013, pp. 10-27 [in Greek].
Matsaganis, M. et al. (2003), ‘Mending Nets in the South: Anti-Poverty Policies in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain’, Social Policy & Administration, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 639-655.
Matsaganis, M. and Levendi, Ch. (2012), ‘The Guaranteed Minimum Income: Fiscal and Distributional Effects’, Newsletter 3/2012, Public Policy Analysis Group of the Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens: Kritiki Editions [in Greek].
Media Report (1999), Sourlas’ Political Office, 29 July [in Greek].
Melícias, V. and Pedroso, P. (eds) (1997), Views on the Guaranteed Minimum Income, Lisbon: CES [in Portuguese].
Ministry of Labour and Social Security (2001), National Action Plan for Social Inclusion, 2001-2003, Athens [in Greek].
Ministry of Labour and Social Security (2003), National Action Plan for Social Inclusion, 2003-2005, Athens [in Greek].
National Institute of Labour and Human Resources (2013) (ed.), Guaranteed Minimum Income: Approaches and Proposals in View of the Pilot Implementation of the Scheme, Study no. 8/2013 [in Greek].
Papadokostopoulos, D. G. (2007), ‘Expedition Against Poverty’, Kathimerini, 18 January [in Greek].
Pappas, T. (2003), ‘The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951’, West European Politics, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 90-114.
Parliamentary Proceedings (1998a), Standing Parliamentary Committee on Social Affairs, Discussion of the Draft Bill of the Ministry of Health and Welfare on the ‘Development of the National System of Social Care’, 1-2 September [in Greek].
Parliamentary Proceedings (1998b), Standing Parliamentary Committee on Social Affairs, Law Proposal Submitted to the Greek Parliament by George Sourlas et al., Entitled ‘Social Protection for the Weakest’, 3 September [in Greek].
Parliamentary Proceedings (1999), Discussion of the Proposal, ‘Social Protection for the Weakest’, 29 July, pp. 489-510 [in Greek].
Parliamentary Proceedings (2005a), Standing Parliamentary Committee on Social Affairs, Discussion of the Proposal Submitted by Synaspismos, Concerning ‘The Institutionalization of a GMI and Accompanying Services of Social Support’, 12 April [in Greek].
Parliamentary Proceedings (2005b), Discussion of the Proposal Submitted by Synaspismos, Concerning ‘The Institutionalization of a GMI and Accompanying Services of Social Support’, 1 December, pp. 2149-2175 [in Greek].
PCP (2010), Constitution, Lisbon: PCP.
Pedroso, P. (1998), ‘Rights and Solidarity: Prospects of Integration for All’, Sociedade e Trabalho, no. 3, pp. 6-17 [in Portuguese].
Poulakidas, K. (2013), ‘Guaranteed Minimum Income; Without a Plan’, in Avgi, 24 October [in Greek].
PSD (1992), Programme of the Social Democratic Party, Porto, 13-15 November [in Portuguese].
Público (1999), ‘A Record of Promises’, 14 July, p. 7 [in Portuguese].
Público (2002), ‘Cáritas Portuguesa in Favour of the RMG’, 3 April [in Portuguese].
Recommendation 92/441/EEC, Council Recommendation of 24 June 1992 on Common Criteria Concerning Sufficient Resources and Social Assistance in Social Protection Systems, Official Journal L 245, 26/08/1992, pp. 0046-0048.
Rizospastis (2004), ‘The Experience of the Minimum Guaranteed Income’, 16 July [in Greek].
Rizospastis (2013), ‘Parliamentary Budget Office’, 20 November, p. 5 [in Greek].
Rodrigues, C. (2004), ‘The Redistributive Impact of the Guaranteed Minimum Income Programme in Portugal’, School of Economics and Management-DE Working Papers 9-2004.
Rodrigues, C. (2011), ‘Minimum Income in Portugal: Changing the Rules in Times of
Crisis’, Paper Presented at the EUROMOD Workshop at Riga.
Rodrigues, Ed. (2006), "Hard" Paths: The Processes of Social Mobilization of GMI Recipients in V.N. Gaia, PhD Thesis, University of Porto [in Portuguese].
Rühle, Ot. (1939), ‘The Struggle Against Fascism Begins with the Struggle Against Bolshevism’, American Councillist Journal Living Marxism, vol. 4, no. 8.
Simitis, K. (1989), Development and Modernization of Greek Society, Athens: Gnosi Editions [in Greek].
Simitis, K. (1990), Views on the Political Strategy of PASOK, Athens: Gnosi Editions [in Greek].
Someritis, S. (1933), Dependent Employment and Social Security, Athens [in Greek].
Sotiropoulos, D. (2005), ‘Poverty and the Safety Net in Eastern and South Eastern Europe in the Post-Communist Era, in M. Ferrera (ed.) (2005), Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe. Fighting Poverty and Social Exclusion in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece, London: Routledge/EUI Studies in the Political Economy of Welfare, pp. 266-296.
Stock, M. J. and Magone, J. M. (1996), ‘Portugal’, European Journal of Political Research, vol. 30, no. 3-4, pp. 445-452.
SYRIZA (2012), SYRIZA’s Updated Programme for the 17 June Elections (1st June 2012).
Tsouparopoulos, D. and Triantafyllou, G. (2006), ‘The Comeback of the Minimum Guaranteed Income’, Kerdos, 4 December [in Greek].
UGT (1998), Guaranteed Minimum Income-An Open Window to the Future, Lisbon: UGT [in Portuguese].
Update (Ενημέρωση) (2003), ‘GSEE’s Positions on Employment, Social Protection and Developmental Policy’, no. 98 [in Greek].
USS/CGTP-In (1994), 7th USS/CGTP-IN Congress, Action Plan [in Portuguese].
To Vima (2008), ‘Why Mr. Simitis Put an End to His Collaboration with Tsoukatos in 2000’, 22 June [in Greek].
