Violence and Social Justice


Δημοσιευμένα: Mar 25, 2020
Λέξεις-κλειδιά:
Social Justice; Violence; Human Nature; Social Contract; Civil Disobedience; Leviathan; Justice as Fairness; Natural State
Evangelia Charalampous
Περίληψη

This article examines the complex relationship between human nature, violence, and social justice through the lens of Western social philosophy. By drawing a parallel with the Chinese concept of Yin and Yang, the author explores whether humans are inherently good or evil and how the social environment catalyzes these traits. The text contrasts Thomas Hobbes’s "Leviathan," which necessitates absolute submission to escape a state of war, with Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s belief in innate goodness corrupted by private property. It further discusses John Locke’s liberal "trust" and the radical perspectives of Marcuse, Bakunin, and Proudhon regarding defensive violence and revolution. Finally, the article analyzes John Rawls’s theory of "justice as fairness" and his concept of non-violent civil disobedience as a primary tool for achieving a stable, just society.

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Λήψεις
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Αναφορές
Camus, Albert. The Rebel [Ο Επαναστατημένος Άνθρωπος]. Translated by Julia Tsakiri. Athens: Boukoumani Publications, 1971.
Fink, Hans. Social Philosophy. London, 1981.
Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan [Λεβιάθαν]. Translated by A. Vagena. N.p., n.d.
Marcuse, Herbert. The End of Utopia [Το Τέλος της Ουτοπίας]. Translated by Zisis Sarikas. Athens: Ypsilon, 1985.
Pelegrinis, Theodosis. The Dictionary of Philosophy [Το Λεξικό της Φιλοσοφίας]. Athens: Ellinika Grammata, 2004.
Politis, George N. The Right to Civil Disobedience and the Philosophy of John Locke [Το Δικαίωμα της Πολιτικής Ανυπακοής και η Φιλοσοφία του Τζον Λοκ]. Athens: Ennoia, 2004.
Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice [Η Θεωρία της Δικαιοσύνης]. Athens: Polis Publications, 2003.
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. "Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes." In OEuvres Completes de Jean Jacques Rousseau, Vol. 3. Paris, 1964.
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