MINERALOGICAL CONTRAINTS TO THE FORMATION OF VEIN-TYPE ZEOLITES FROM KIZARI AREA, THRACE NORTHERN GREECE


Published: Jan 1, 2010
Keywords:
vein-type zeolites stilbite-Ca Sr-bearing heulandite-Ca laumontite submarine
P. Voudouris
A. Magganas
M. Kati
N. Gerogianni
G. Kastanioti
G. Sakelaris
Abstract

Vein-type zeolites in Kizari area, (western Thrace) are found within fresh to zeolitic altered volcanic rocks of andesitic to dacitic composition. The zeolites stilbite-Ca, Sr-bearing heulandite-Ca and laumontite occur in epithermal-style crustiform quartz/chalcedony-calcite veins crosscuting lavas and volcanic breccias. Open-space filling is common and well-shaped crystals (up to 3cm) were observed. Smectite, feldspar, magnetite, pyrite and rutile occur in minor amounts in the veins. Halite and barite grains are included in stilbite-Ca. SEM EDS data indicate high Sr (up to 4.4 wt. % SrO) and Ba (up to 2.9 wt. % BaO) contents for heulandite-Ca. It is suggested that the studied zeolites are intergral parts of the porphyry-epithermal mineralizing systems which operated in the area during the Oligocene. Their formation took place in the outmost transitional propylitic to fresh zones of the porphyry-epithermal systems and in a submarine environment as indicated by the geological and mineralogical evidence.

Article Details
  • Section
  • Petrology and Mineralogy
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Arikas, K., 1980. Geologische und petrographische Untersuchungen in Umbebung von Kirki (Thrazien,
Griechenland), Mitteilungen aus dem Geologish-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg,
, 1-26.
Arikas, K., and Voudouris, P., 1998. Hydrothermal alterations and mineralizations of magmatic rocks in
the southern Rhodope Massif. Acta Volcanologica, 10, 353-365.
Bargar, K.E., 1994. Hydrothermal alteration in the SUNEDCO 58-28 geothermal drill hole near Breitenbush
Hot Springs, Oregon. Oregon Geol. Soc., 56, 75-87.
Bargar, K.E. and Keith, T.E.C., 1995. Calcium zeolites in rhyolitic drill cores from Yellowstone national
park, Wyoming. In D.W. Minga, and F.A. Mumpton (eds), Natural Zeolites, International Committee
on Natural Zeolites, Brockport, New York, 69-86.
Bitsios, D., 1973. La géologie et métallogenie de la région de Kirki (Thrace Occidentale - Grèce). Thèse
Cycle, Univ. Paris VI, 100pp.
Chipera, S.J., and Apps, J.A., 2001. Geochemical stability of natural zeolites. In D.L. Bish and D.W.
Ming (eds) Natural Zeolites: Occurrence, Properties, Applications. Rev. Mineral. Geochem., Mineralogical
Society of America and the Geochemical Society, 45, 117-161.
Christofides, G., Pecskay, Z., Soldatos, T., Eleftheriadis, G., and Koroneos, A., 2004. The Tertiary Evros
volcanic rocks (Greece): Petrology, K/Ar geochronology and volcanism evolution. Geologica Carpathica,
, 397-409.
Coombs, D.S., Alberti, A., Armbruster, T., Artioli, G., Colella, C., Galli, E., Grice, J.D., Liebau, F., Mandarino,
J.A., Minato, H., Nickel, E.H., Passaglia, E., Peacor, D.R., Quartieri, S., Rinaldi, R., Ross, M.,
Sheppard, R.A., Tillmanns, E., Vezzalini, G., 1998. Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals:
Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the Mineralogical Assiciation, Commision on New
Minerals and Mineral Names. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10, 1037-1081.
Del Moro, A., Innocenti, F., Kyriakopoulos, C., Manetti, P. and Papadopoulos, P., 1988. Tertiary granitoids
from Thrace (Northern Greece): Sr isotopic and petrochemical data. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie
Abhandlungen, 159, 113-135.
Dill, H.G., Füssl, M., and Botz, R., 2007. Mineralogy and (economic) geology of zeolite-carbonate mineralization
in basic igneous rocks of the Troodos Complex, Cyprus. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie
Abhandlungen, 183, 251-268.
Eleftheriadis, G., 1995. Petrogenesis of the Oligocene volcanics from the Central Rhodope massif (N.
Greece). European Journal of Mineralogy, 7, 1169-1182.
Extra Lapis 2007. Zeolithe. Mineralien-zugleich nützlich und wunderschön, Christian Weise Verlag,
XLIII, No 5 – 2794
München, 97pp.
Filippidis, A., 1993. New find of moissanite in the Metaxades zeolite-bearing volcaniclastic rocks, Thrace
county, Greece. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte, 11, 521-527.
Filippidis, Α., Kougoulis, C., Michailidis, K., 1988. Sr-bearing stilbite in a quartz-monzonite from
Vathi, Kilkis, Northern Greece. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen,
, 67-76.
Filippidis, A., and Kantiranis, N., 2005. Industrial, agricultural and environmental uses of the natural zeolites
of Thrace. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece, 37, 90-101.
Gottardi, G., and Galli, E., 1985. Natural Zeolites. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 409pp.
Greenwich Resources plc (2004) The Sapes project – simplified regional geology.
Hall, A., Stamatakis, M., and Walsh, J.N., 2000. The Pentalofos zeolitic tuff formation: a giant ino-exchange
column. Annales Geologiques des Pays Helleniques, 38, 175-192.
Hay, R.L., 1966. Zeolite and zeolite reactions in sedimentary rocks. Geological Society of America Special
Paper, 85, 130pp.
Hay, R.L., Sheppard, R.A., 2001. Occurrence of zeolites in sedimentary rocks: An overview. In D.L. Bish
and D.W. Ming (eds), Natural zeolites: occurrence, Properties, Applications, Rev. Mineral. Geochem.,
Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society, 45, 217-234.
Iizima, A., 1980. Geology of natural zeolites and zeolitic rocks. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 52,
-2130.
Innocenti, F., Kolios, N., Manetti, O., Mazzuoli, R., Peccerillo, G., Rita, F., and Villari, L., 1984. Evolution
and geodynamic significance of the Tertiary orogenic volcanism in northeastern Greece. Bulletin
of Volcanology, 47, 25-37.
Karafoti, M. and Arikas, K. 1990. Petrography and geochemistry of Tertiary volcanic rocks between Lutra
and Fere (Thrace, Northeastern Greece). Geologica Rhodopica, 2, 227-240.
Kassoli-Fournaraki, A., Stamatakis, M., Hall, A., Filippidis, A., Michailidis, K., Tsirambides, A., and
Koutles, Th., 2000. The Ca-rich clinoptilolite deposit of Pentalofos, Thrace, Greece. In C Collela
and F.A. Mumpton (eds), Natural Zeolites for the Third Millenium, DeFreda Editore, Naples, Italy
-202.
Kirov, G.N., Filippides, A., Tsirambidis, A., Tzvetanov, R.G. and Kassoli-Fournaraki, A., 1999. Zeolitebearing
rocks in Petrota area (Eastern Rhodope Massif, Greece). Geologica Rhodopica, 2, 500-511.
Kitsopoulos, K., Dunham, A., 1994. Application of zeolitic volcanic tuffs from Greece (Lefkimi-
Dadia, Metaxades and Santorini island, Greece, as pozzolanic materials. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece,
, 323-333.
Koshiaris, G., Karantassi, S. and Gregoriades, G., 1987. Zeolite Occurrences in West Thrace. I.G.M.E.
Internal report, 30pp.
Krohe, A., and Mposkos, E., 2001. Structural evolution and exhumation history of the Rhodope UHP-HP
metamorphic province (Northern Greece). Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece, 34, 75-82.
Larsen, A.O., Nordrum. F.S., Döbelin, N., Armbruster, T., Petersen, O.V., and Erambert, M., 2005. Heulandite-
Ba, a new zeolite species from Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, 17, 143-153.
Magganas A., Kyriakopoulos K.,. Sideris C. and Eleftheriadis G., 2004. Petrological and Geochemical
Variations of the Tertiary Convergent Volcanism in North-Eastern Greece. Annales Geologiques des
Pays Helleniques, 40, 99-116.
Marantos, I., Kosharis, G., Karantassi, S. and Gregoriades, G., 1989.A study on zeolitic alteration of Tertiary
pyroclastics from Metaxades area, Evros county, Greece. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece, 23, 443-450.
XLIII, No 5 – 2795
Marantos, I., Koshiaris, G., Karantassi, S., Perdikatsis, V. and Christidis, G., 2004. Preliminary study of
altered Tertiary volcaniclastic rocks in the area of Asproula, Nea Santa, Rodopi perfecture, Thrace,
NE Greece. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece, 35, 454-463.
Marantos, I., 2004. Study of the Tertiary volcanic rocks alteration in the Feres basin of Evros prefecture,
emphasizing on the genesis of zeolites and their possible applications. PhD thesis, Technical University
of Crete, Department of Mineral Research Engineering, Chania, Greece. 264pp.
Marantos, I., Markopoulos, T., and Christidis, G.E., 2007. Zeolitic alteration in the Tertiary Feres volcanosedimentary
basin, Thrace, NE Greece. Mineralogical Magazine, 71, 327-345.
Melfos, V., Vavelidis, M., Christofides, G., and Seidel, E. 2002. Origin and evolution of the Tertiary Maronia
porphyry copper–molybdenum deposit, Thrace, Greece. Mineralium Deposita 37, 648-668.
Michael, K., Dimitriades, A., Mastrogiannidou, K., and Angelopoulos, A. 1984. Ore deposits study at
Virini-Pessani-Lefkimi area, Evros prefecture, IGME internal report, 64pp (in Greek).
Ortelli, M., Moritz, R., Voudouris, P., Spangenberg, J., 2009. Tertiary porphyry and epithermal association
of the Sapes-Kassiteres district, eastern Rhodopes, Greece, In Williams et al. (eds) Smart Science
for exploration and mining, Proc. of the 10th Biennial SGA meeting, Townsville, 536-538.
Papadopoulos, P., and Anastasiadis, I., 2003. Geology of Tertiary basins of SE Rhodope, Thrace. IGME
internal report, 20 pp. (in Greek).
Papavasiliou, K.T, and Sideris, K., 1984. Geochemistry and mineralogy of Tertiary lavas of Sappai-Ferrai
area (W-Thrace)-Greece. Implications on their origin. IGME - Geochemical Research, 4, 21pp.
Pe-Piper, G., 2000. Mode of occurrence, chemical variation and genesis of mordenite and associated zeolites
from the Morden area, Nova Scotia, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist, 38, 1215-1232.
Pe-Piper, G., Christofides, G., and Eleftheriadis, G., 1998. Lead and neodymium isotopic composition of
Tertiary igneous rocks of northeastern Greece and their regional significance. Acta Volcanologica, 10,
-263.
Perraki, Τ., and Orfanoudaki, Α., 2004. Mineralogical study of zeolites from Pentalofos area, Thrace,
Greece. Applied Clay Science, 25, 9-16.
Raynov, N., Popov, N., Yanev, Y., Petrova, P., Popova, T., Hristova, V., Atanasova, R. and Zankarska, R.
Geological, mineralogical and technological characteristics of zeolitized (clinoptilolitized) tuff
deposits in the Eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria. In G. Kirov, L. Filizova and O. Petrov (eds), Natural zeolites
- Sofia ’95. Pensoft, Sofia, 263-275.
Shawh A.J, Constantinides D.C, 2001. The Sappes gold project. Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece 34, 1073-1080.
Sheppard, R.A. and Hay, R.L., 2001. Formation of zeolites in open hydrologic systems. In D.L. Bish and
D.W. Ming (eds). Natural Zeolites: Occurrence, Properties, Applications. Rev. Mineral. Geochem.,
Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society, 45, 261-276.
Skarpelis, N., Marantos, I., Christidis, G., 1993. Zeolites in Oligocene volcanic rocks, Dadia-Lefkimi
area, Thrace, Northern Greece: Mineralogy and cation exchange properties, Bull. Geol. Soc. Greece,
, 305-315.
Stamatakis, Μ., Hall, A., Hein, J.R, 1996. The zeolites deposits of Greece. Mineralium Deposita, 31,
-481.
Stamatakis, Μ., Hall, A., Lutat, U., and Wlsch, J.N. 1998. Mineralogy, origin and commercial value of
the zeolite-rich tuffs in the Petrota-Pentalofos area, Evros county, Greece. Estudios Geologicos, 54,
-15.
Tsirambides, A., Kassoli-Fournaraki, A., Filippidis, A., and Soldatos, K. 1989. Preliminary results on
clinoptilolite-containing volcaniclastic sediments from Metaxades, NE Greece. Bull. Geol. Soc.
Greece, 23, 451-460.
XLIII, No 5 – 2796
Tsirambides, A., Filippidis, A., and Kassoli-Fournaraki, A., 1993. Zeolitic alteration of Eocene volcaniclastic
sediments at Metaxades, Thrace, Greece. Applied Clay Science, 7, 509-526.
Tsolis-Katagas, P., and Katagas, C., 1990. Zeolitic diagenesis of Oligocene pyroclastic rocks of Metaxades
area, Thrace, Greece. Mineralogical Magazine, 54, 95-103.
Voudouris, P., 1993. Mineralogical, geochemical and fluid inclusion studies on epithermal vein type goldsilver
mineralizations at Kassiteres/Sapes, (NE- Greece). Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Hamburg, 218pp.
Voudouris, P., Tarkian, M., Arikas, K., 2006. Mineralogy of telluride-bearing epithermal ores in Kassiteres-
Sappes area, western Thrace, Greece. Mineralogy and Petrology, 87, 31-52.
Utada, M., 2001. Zeolites in hydrothermally altered rocks In D.L. Bish and D.W. Ming (eds). Natural zeolites:
Occurrence, properties, applications. Rev. Mineral.Geochem., Mineralogical Society of America
and the Geochemical Society, 45, 305-319.
Yanev, Y., Cochemé J.J., Ivanova R., Grauby, O., Burlet E., and Pravchnska, R., 2006. Zeolites and zeolitization
of acid pyroclastic rocks from paroxysmal Paleogene volcanism, Eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria.
Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Abhandlungen, 182, 265-283.
Most read articles by the same author(s)