HETEROGENEITY IN HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE SOIL OF A FIRING RANGE AREA AT KESARIANI, ATHENS, GREECE

PDF (English)
Δημοσιευμένα: Ιαν 1, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11632
A. Argyraki
N. Petrakaki
Περίληψη

Heterogeneity in metal concentrations is a typical characteristic of contaminated sampling targets, with consequences in the estimation of measurement Nuncertainty and the spatial delineation of contamination. Heterogeneity of Ncontamination is site specific and is linked to the type and origin of the Ncontaminants. In this paper we present a case study on a completed firing range, at Skopeftirio Park in Kesariani, Athens, Greece. The study focused on two heavy metals in the soil with contrasting properties. Lead, an element with high concentrations due to the previous land use of the park and Cr, an Nelement with concentrations close to the natural background at this site. Forty nine top soils samples (0-10cm) were collected from an area of 0.7 km2 by using a 40m x 40m grid. Duplicate samples were collected from 8 randomly selected sampling sites, 5 m away from the original sampling location and were analyzed in duplicate for the estimation of measurement uncertainly. Elemental concentrations were measured by AAS after an aqua- regia acid attack. Robust analysis of variance applied on duplicate measurements separated the total variability of the results into three components, representing the analytical, sampling and geochemical variances for the two elements in soil. It was shown that the combined sampling and analytical variance for the Pb has a high proportion in the total (53.5%) reflecting the extreme small-scale spatial variation of Pb contamination. For Cr, the proportion is lower (17%) indicating a more homogeneous distribution of elemental concentrations.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Ενεργειακές Πρώτες Ύλες και Γεωθερμία
Creative Commons License

Αυτή η εργασία είναι αδειοδοτημένη υπό το CC Αναφορά Δημιουργού – Μη Εμπορική Χρήση 4.0.

Οι συγγραφείς θα πρέπει να είναι σύμφωνοι με τα παρακάτω: Οι συγγραφείς των άρθρων που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατηρούν τα δικαιώματα πνευματικής ιδιοκτησίας επί των άρθρων τους, δίνοντας στο περιοδικό το δικαίωμα της πρώτης δημοσίευσης. Άρθρα που δημοσιεύονται στο περιοδικό διατίθενται με άδεια Creative Commons 4.0 Non Commercial και σύμφωνα με την οποία μπορούν να χρησιμοποιούνται ελεύθερα, με αναφορά στο/στη συγγραφέα και στην πρώτη δημοσίευση για μη κερδοσκοπικούς σκοπούς. Οι συγγραφείς μπορούν να: Μοιραστούν — αντιγράψουν και αναδιανέμουν το υλικό με κάθε μέσο και τρόπο, Προσαρμόσουν — αναμείξουν, τροποποιήσουν και δημιουργήσουν πάνω στο υλικό.

Λήψεις
Τα δεδομένα λήψης δεν είναι ακόμη διαθέσιμα.
Αναφορές
Analytical Methods Committee. 1989. Robust Statistics – How not to reject outliers, Part 1, Basic Concepts,
Analyst, 114, 1693-1697.
ISO 1993. Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). Geneva (2nd printing 1995).
Lyn, J.A., Ramsey, M.H., Coad, D.S., Damant, A.P., Wood, R., Boon, K.A. 2007. The duplicate method
of uncertainty estimation: are eight targets enough?, Analyst, 132, 1147-1152.
Papanicolaou, D., Lozios, S., Soukis, K. and Skourtsos, E. 2004. Geological structure of the allochthon
system of Athens. Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Greek Geological Society, Thesalloniki,
vol. XXXVI, 1550-1559.
Petrakaki, N. 2009. Geochemical distribution of Pb in shooting range soils: The case of Kesariani’s shooting
range, MSc Thesis, University of Athens, Athens (in Greek)
Ramsey M.H. and Ellison S.L.R. (eds) Eurachem/EUROLAB/CITAC/Nordtest/amc Guide. 2007. Measurement
uncertainty arising from sampling; a guide to methods and approaches, Eurachem.
Ramsey, M.H. 1993. Sampling and analytical quality control (SAX) for improved error estimation in the
measurement of Pb in the environment using robust analysis of variance, Applied Geochemistry,
Suppl. Issue No.2, 149-153.
Ramsey, M.H. 1994. Error estimation in environmental sampling and analysis, in: B. Market, Ed. Environmental
Sampling for Trace Analysis, VCH, Weinheim, p. 93-108.
Ramsey, M.H. 1998. Sampling as a source of measurement uncertainty: techniques for quantification and
comparison with analytical sources, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 13, 97-104.
Ramsey, M.H. and Argyraki, A. 1997. Estimation of measurement uncertainty from field sampling: Implications
for the classification of contaminated land, The Science of the Total Environment, 198, 243-
Ramsey, M.H. and Thompson, M. 2007. Uncertainty from sampling, in the context of fitness for purpose,
Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 12, 503-513.
Taylor, P.D., Ramsey, M.H., Potts, P.J. 2005. Spatial contaminant heterogeneity: quantification with scale
of measurement at contrasting sites, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 7, 1364-1370.
Thompson, M. and Fearn, T. 1990. What exactly is fitness for purpose in analytical measurement?, Analyst,
, 273-278.
Thompson, M. and Ramsey, M.H. 1995. Quality concepts and practices applied to sampling – an exploratory
study, Analyst, 120, 261-270.
Τα περισσότερο διαβασμένα άρθρα του ίδιου συγγραφέα(s)